Ua haʻahaʻa kou sodium (paʻakai)? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ka hyponatremia!

He mea nui ka paʻakai no ko kākou kino, ʻeā? Akā, manaʻo kekahi poʻe ʻo ka ʻai nui ʻana i ka paʻakai wale nō ka pilikia. Akā, ua ʻike anei ʻoe he mea weliweli loa ka emi ʻana o ka nui o ka paʻakai, ʻo ia hoʻi ka sodium, i loko o ke kino? ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he hyponatremia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻOiai paha he huaʻōlelo paʻakikī kēia, ma nā huaʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka pae sodium i loko o kou koko ma mua o ka nui i ʻōlelo ʻia. E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia me nā kikoʻī hou aku i kēia lā, no ka mea, he mea kēia e pono ai kākou a pau e makaʻala.

He aha maoli ka hyponatremia?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka hyponatremia ka wā e haʻahaʻa ai kou sodium koko (ka ʻāpana nui o ka paʻakai a mākou e ʻai ai) ma mua o ka maʻamau. Manaʻo nā kauka i ka hyponatremia he kūlana kahi i haʻahaʻa ai ka pae sodium ma mua o 135 milliequivalents no ka lita (135 mEq/L).

I kēia manawa, e noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe, "ʻAuē, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka paʻakai liʻiliʻi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka nui." Akā e like me ka hapa nui o nā mea o ke ola, ʻo ke kaulike ke kī. No ka mālama ʻana i kou kino i ke olakino, pono ʻoe e loaʻa kahi kaulike pololei ma waena o ka wai a me ka sodium. Hiki i kekahi mau maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​​​lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻopilikia i kēia kaulike. Ke hana ʻia kēlā, hiki i ka wai keu ke neʻe i loko o kāu mau cell, e hoʻōki ai i ka hana pono. Hiki i kēia ke lilo i mea weliweli loa no kou lolo.

Inā hana pono kou mau puʻupaʻa, he mea kākaʻikahi ka emi ʻana o kou pae sodium koko ma muli wale nō o kou inu nui ʻana i ka wai. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hana ʻia kēia inā ua maloʻo loa ʻoe (e like me ma hope o ka holo ʻana i ka marathon) a inu wale ʻoe i ka wai me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopiha hou ʻana i kāu mau electrolytes (nā minelala e pono ai kou kino e hana).

Hiki i ka Hyponatremia ke lōʻihi a koʻikoʻi paha . Ke loaʻa ia no ka manawa lōʻihi, ulu mālie nā hōʻailona i ka wā e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ai ke kino i nā pae sodium haʻahaʻa. Eia nō naʻe, inā hāʻule koke nā pae sodium, hiki i nā hōʻailona ke lilo i mea koʻikoʻi koke.

He aha nā ʻano nui o ka hyponatremia?

ʻEkolu mau ʻano nui o ka hyponatremia. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i kēia mau mea hiki ke kōkua i kāu kauka e hoʻoholo i ke kumu o kou kūlana a me ke ʻano o ka lāʻau e pono ai.

1. Euvolemic hyponatremia/dilutional hyponatremia: ʻO kēia ka manawa ʻaʻole e loli ka nui o ka sodium i loko o kou kino, akā e piʻi ana ka nui o ka wai i loko o kou kino. Ua like ia me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka wai hou aʻe i loko o ke aniani wai a lilo ka paʻakai o ka wai i mea ʻike ʻole ʻia.

2. Hypervolemic hyponatremia: Maanei, piʻi ka nui o ka wai a me ka sodium i loko o kou kino. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wai ma mua o ka nui o ka sodium.

3.Hypovolemic hyponatremia: ʻO kēia ka wā e emi ai ka nui o ka wai a me ka sodium i loko o kou kino. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka emi ʻana o ka nui o ka sodium ma mua o ka nui o ka wai.

ʻOiai paha he ʻano lapaʻau iki kēia hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, he mea nui loa ia e ʻimi i ke kumu.

He aha nā hōʻailona o Hyponatremia?

Hiki i kekahi kanaka me ka hyponatremia ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona e like me:

• ʻEha a nāwaliwali paha nā ʻiʻo: Manaʻo paha ia e like me ka mae ʻana o kou mau lālā, me he mea lā e hāʻule ana nā ʻāpana ʻiʻo.
• Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi: ​​Hiki i kou ʻōpū ke manaʻo he ʻūlū a manaʻo paha ʻoe e luaʻi ana.
• Ka hiamoe nui a luhi paha (Lethargy): He ʻano luhi mau, hiki ʻole ke hana i kekahi mea.
• ʻEha poʻo: Hiki ke loaʻa kahi ʻeha poʻo nui.
• Ka huikau a i ʻole nā ​​​​loli noʻonoʻo: Nā mea e like me ka huikau, ka hana ʻokoʻa ma mua o ka wā ma mua.
• Nā hopu ʻana: Inā lilo ke ʻano i mea koʻikoʻi, hiki ke hoʻohālikelike i kahi kūpono.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​ʻoiai inā e ʻano ʻino ana lākou, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻimi ʻana i ke aʻo lapaʻau.

No ke aha e hana ai ka hyponatremia? He aha nā kumu?

Hoʻomaka pinepine ka Hyponatremia i ka wā e nui loa ai ka wai o kou kino, kahi e hoʻoheheʻe ai i kou pae sodium. I kekahi manawa, hiki ke hana ʻia kēia inā ua nalowale ka nui o ka sodium (akā he liʻiliʻi wale nō ia). Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā e kaulike ʻole ai ke kaulike ma waena o ka wai a me ka sodium i loko o kou kino, neʻe nā wai i loko o kāu mau cell a hoʻopilikia i kā lākou hana maʻamau.

Eia kekahi mau kumu kikoʻī o ka hyponatremia:

• SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion): Hana ʻia kēia ke hoʻopuka nui ke kino i kahi hormone i kapa ʻia ʻo Antidiuretic hormone, ka mea e kōkua ai i ke kino e mālama i ka wai. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka wai i loko o ke kino a hoʻoheheʻe i ka sodium.
• Ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai: Ke nāwaliwali ka puʻuwai, hiki ke hōʻiliʻili ka wai i loko o ke kino me ka ʻole o ke kahe pono ʻana.
• Ka hāʻule ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa: Hoʻomalu nā puʻupaʻa i ka nui o ka wai a me ka paʻakai i loko o ke kino. Loaʻa kēia mau pilikia ke hana pono ʻole lākou.
• ʻO ka cirrhosis o ke ake: Hiki ke hana i kēia ʻano ke hōʻino ʻia ke ake.
• ʻO ka maʻi Nephrotic: He ʻano kēia e pili ana i nā puʻupaʻa.
• Nā kūlana neurological e like me nā ʻōpū lolo
• ʻO ka makewai nui a me ka inu ʻana (Polydipsia)
• Hypothyroidism (thyroid hana ʻole)
• ʻO ka inu nui ʻana i ka pia a i ʻole kekahi waiʻona ʻē aʻe (Beer potomania): Manaʻo kekahi poʻe ʻo ka wai wale nō ka pilikia, akā hiki nō hoʻi kēia ke hana inā inu nui ʻoe i nā mea e like me ka pia.
• Ka maʻi pākī a i ʻole ka luaʻi ʻana:ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka nalowale ʻana o ka wai a me ka sodium mai ke kino.
• ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau: No ka laʻana, nā diuretics (i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo "nā pila wai") a me nā SSRI antidepressants.
• Kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau: Hiki ke loaʻa kēia ʻano i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me MDMA (i ʻike ʻia e mākou ma nā inoa e like me "ecstasy" a me "molly").

ʻO wai ka mea i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hyponatremia?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o nā kūlana i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei, ʻoi aku kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hyponatremia. Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia kēia pilikia ma hope o kekahi mau ʻoki kino.

Hiki i ka Hyponatremia ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola?

ʻAe, ʻoiaʻiʻo nō. Inā lilo ka hyponatremia i mea koʻikoʻi , e hoʻomaka ana kou mau ʻiʻo, ʻoiai kou mau ʻiʻo lolo, e pehu me ka wai. Inā ʻaʻole e mālama koke ʻia kēia, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka coma, ka hōʻino mau loa o ka lolo, a i ʻole ka make. No laila, ʻaʻole kēia he mea e pāʻani ai.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka Hyponatremia?

Hoʻohana nui nā kauka i nā hoʻāʻo koko a me ka mimi e ʻike ai i ka hyponatremia. Nānā kēia i nā pae o ka sodium, potassium, kekahi mau hormones, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i loko o kou kino. Nānā pū lākou i ka hana maikaʻi o kou mau puʻupaʻa a me ke akepaʻa. Ma muli o kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​​​hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i kahi CT scan a i ʻole X-ray umauma.

Eia kekahi, hiki i ke kauka ke nīnau iā ʻoe i nā mea e like me:

• He aha ke ʻano o nā haʻuki āu e pāʻani ai a pehea ʻoe e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ai?
• He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e hoʻohana ai?
• He aha nā maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​ʻoki kino āu e loaʻa nei i kēia manawa a i ʻole i loaʻa iā ʻoe ma mua?
• ʻEhia ka nui o ka waiʻona āu e inu ai?

Kōkua kēia mau ʻike a pau i ke kauka e hoʻomaopopo i kou kūlana pololei.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ʻo Hyponatremia?

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka hyponatremia e pili ana i ke kumu a me ke ʻano o ka hyponatremia āu e loaʻa ai. Hiki i nā koho lapaʻau ke komo pū me:

• Ka palena ʻana i ka lawe ʻana i ka wai: I kekahi manawa, ʻo ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka lawe ʻana i ka wai e hiki ke kōkua i ka kaohi ʻana i ke kūlana.
• Ke hoʻololi nei i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe ai: I kekahi manawa e haʻi aku paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a hoʻololi paha i ka dosage.
• Ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā wai intravenous (IV fluids): Ke hāʻawi ʻana i nā mea e like me ka saline i loko o ke kino ma o kahi aa koko.
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā i hāʻawi ʻia i nā poʻe me nā pae sodium haʻahaʻa: No ka laʻana, `(Tolvaptan)` a i ʻole `(Conivaptan)`.

E mālama pū ke kauka i kekahi mau kūlana olakino ma lalo e hiki ai ke hoʻoulu i ka hyponatremia.

Nā pilikia hiki ke loaʻa i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana

Akahele loa nā kauka i ka mālama ʻana i ka hyponatremia i ʻole e hoʻonui koke i nā pae sodium ma luna o ka pae i ʻōlelo ʻia. No ka mea , inā hoʻonui koke ʻoe i nā pae sodium i loko o ke kino me ka wikiwiki loa,, hiki ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi a hoʻoweliweli i ke ola e like me ka "Central pontine myelinolysis" a i ʻole "Osmotic demyelination syndrome", ka mea e hōʻino ai i ka lolo. ʻO ia ke kumu inā kānalua ʻoe he hyponatremia kou, pono ʻoe e ʻike koke i ke kauka.

Hiki ke pale ʻia ka hyponatremia?

ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki ke pale loa ʻia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kēia mau mea e hōʻemi ai i kou pilikia:

• E pale i ka inu nui ʻana i ka pia a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea inu ʻona ʻē aʻe.
• E inu i ka nui o ka wai e like me kou make wai ʻana (ke ʻole ke haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe i kekahi mea ʻē aʻe). Manaʻo kekahi poʻe e pono ʻoe e inu i nā lita o ka wai i ka lā, akā, ʻaʻole ia he ʻoiaʻiʻo. ʻO ka make wai ka hōʻailona maikaʻi loa.
• Mai hoʻohana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me MDMA.
• I ka wā e hoʻoikaika kino ai a i ʻole e hoʻokūkū ana i nā haʻuki, ma kahi o ka inu wale ʻana i ka wai, e inu i nā mea inu i loaʻa nā electrolytes (e.g. nā mea inu haʻuki). Akā, ʻaʻole maikaʻi kēia mau mea nou.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi e hoʻonui ai i kou pilikia o hyponatremia, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ka pehea e hoʻokele maikaʻi ai.
• E ʻai i ka meaʻai kaulike, ʻoiai hoʻi kahi meaʻai i loaʻa nā meaʻai waiwai i ka protein.

He aha kaʻu e manaʻo ai inā loaʻa iaʻu ka hyponatremia?

ʻO ke ʻano o ka hyponatremia e hilinaʻi nui ʻia ana ma ke kumu. Hiki i ka hapa nui o ka poʻe ke ho'ōla piha inā mālama koke ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻaʻole mālama koke ʻia kahi kūlana e like me ka pehu ʻana o ka lolo, hiki iā ia ke hōʻeha mau loa.

Akā i kekahi manawa, hiki i ka hyponatremia ke lilo i hōʻailona e hōʻino ana kahi maʻi maʻi. Ma keʻano laulā, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka make ʻana o ka poʻe me ka maʻi puʻupaʻa a i ʻole ke akepaʻa ma mua o ka poʻe i loaʻa ka hyponatremia mai nā kumu ʻē aʻe.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi e hoʻonui ai i kou pilikia o ka hyponatremia, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ia mea. Hiki iā ia ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻokele i kou kūlana a haʻi iā ʻoe i nā hōʻailona e makaʻala ai.

I ka hyponatremia mau loa, hiki ke hele mai a hele aku nā hōʻailona. Eia kekahi laʻana, luhi mau i nā manawa a pau, pilikia ka noʻonoʻo ʻana, a pēlā aku. Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau loli i kou kino, ʻoiai inā e ʻoi aku ka ʻino o ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, he manaʻo maikaʻi e haʻi aku i kāu kauka.

Āhea wau e hele ai i kahi Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Inā ʻike ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi āu i ʻike ai i kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​e hele koke i ka lumi pilikia kokoke loa:

• Ka huikau
• Nā hopu/hoʻopilikia
• Ka paʻakikī e ala aʻe mai ka hiamoe
• ʻEha poʻo nui loa
• Ka luaʻi nui a i ʻole ka maʻi pākī

I ka manawa e like me kēia, mai kali ma ka home.

He aha nā nīnau e pono iaʻu e nīnau aku i kaʻu kauka?

Ke ʻike ʻoe i ke kauka, he mea kōkua paha ke nīnau i nā nīnau e like me kēia:

• No ke aha i hiki mai ai kēia iaʻu?
• He aha kaʻu e hana ai e pale aku i kēia i ka wā e hiki mai ana?
• He aha nā hōʻailona mua o ka hyponatremia?
• Pehea e lawe pono ai au i kaʻu mau lāʻau lapaʻau?
• ʻEhia ka wai e pono ai iaʻu e inu i ka lā?

Pono anei au e ʻai i ka paʻakai hou aku inā haʻahaʻa koʻu sodium?

Inā haʻahaʻa kou pae sodium koko, pono ʻoe e hahai i ka ʻōlelo aʻo a kāu kauka. Aia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke kumu. Inā ʻai nui ʻoe i ka paʻakai, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe.

Manaʻo pinepine mākou he mea maikaʻi ʻole ka paʻakai. Akā e like me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ke kaulike ke kī. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi o ka sodium hiki ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi. He maʻi maʻamau ka Hyponatremia, a inā mālama koke ʻia, hiki i ka hapa nui o ka poʻe ke ho'ōla piha. Akā no ka mea he nui nā kumu, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i kāu mau kūlana olakino a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke ala maikaʻi loa e hōʻemi ai i kou pilikia. Inā he mau nīnau a hopohopo paha kāu, mai kānalua e nīnau i ke kauka.

Leka Lawe-Home

ʻAe, i kēia manawa ua maopopo iā ʻoe ka mea a mākou i kamaʻilio ai i kēia lā, ʻo Hyponatremia. ʻO nā mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo ai:

• He mea nui loa ke kaulike o ka sodium a me ka wai i loko o ke kino. ʻO ka nui a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi o kēia hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā pilikia.
• ʻO ka Hyponatremia ka emi ʻana o nā pae sodium i loko o ke koko. Hiki i kēia ke loaʻa i nā kumu like ʻole .
• Inā loaʻa nā hōʻailona (e like me ka ʻūlū ʻana o nā ʻiʻo, ka nausea, ka huikau, ke poʻo ʻeha), ʻoiai inā koʻikoʻi a piʻi mālie paha, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.
• E pale i ka ʻai ʻana i ka paʻakai e like me kou makemake me ka ʻole o ke kūkākūkā ʻana me ke kauka.
• He mea nui e mālama pono i nā kūlana olakino (e like me ka maʻi puʻuwai, ka maʻi puʻupaʻa) a e makaʻala i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe ai.
• Hiki i ka mālama mua ʻana ke alakaʻi pinepine i ka hoʻōla ʻana. No laila, mai makaʻu, e ʻike i ke kauka i ka wā e kānalua ai ʻoe.

He mea kūpono ke mālama i kou olakino ponoʻī!

Hyponatremia , haʻahaʻa sodium, haʻahaʻa paʻakai i ke koko, dehydration, electrolytes, kaulike wai o ke kino, pehu lolo