E aʻo pono kākou e pili ana i nā lāʻau antibiotic. Nā pane i kāu mau nīnau a pau!

ʻEhia mau manawa āu i lohe ai i ka huaʻōlelo "antibiotic"? Ke hele ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka, ke kūʻai ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau mai ka hale kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau, a i ʻole ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kahi hoaaloha, lohe ʻoe i kēia huaʻōlelo, ʻeā? He aha kēia mau antibiotics? He maikaʻi a he maikaʻi ʻole paha no ko kākou kino? He aha kā kākou e noʻonoʻo pono ai i ka wā e hoʻohana ai iā lākou? Ua hana au i kēia wehewehe i kēia lā e pane i nā nīnau he nui e like me kēia i loko o kou manaʻo ma ke ʻano maʻalahi hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo.

He aha maoli ka lāʻau antibiotic?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he mau lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā nā antibiotics i hāʻawi ʻia e mālama i nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā microorganism i kapa ʻia he bacteria. Hana kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e like me nā koa i hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūikawā ʻia e hoʻouka wale i nā ʻenemi i ke kaua. Hele pololei lākou i nā bacteria e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi a luku iā lākou, a i ʻole e hoʻōki lākou i ka ulu ʻana o ka bacteria i ʻole hiki iā lākou ke pālahalaha hou i loko o ke kino.

Akā ʻo ka mea nui loa ma ʻaneʻi, ʻo ia ka hana wale ʻana o nā antibiotics i nā maʻi bacteria. E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻole e hana nā antibiotics i nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā virus, no ka laʻana, ke anu maʻamau, ke kuni, ke kuni (me ka ʻole o ka phlegm), dengue, chickenpox, a pēlā aku. ʻO kēia no ka mea he ʻelua mau hui like ʻole o nā meaola bacteria a me nā virus.

He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka bacteria a me nā virus?

Ke noʻonoʻo nei paha ʻoe, "No laila, he mau mea liʻiliʻi kēia ʻelua, ʻeā? No ke aha e hana ʻole ai ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hāʻawi ʻia i kekahi no kekahi?" ʻAe, e wehewehe maʻalahi wau i kēlā.

• ʻO nā bacteria kahi hui o nā microorganism i hana ʻia me nā cell hoʻokahi a hiki ke noho hoʻokahi, māhele, a hoʻonui iā lākou iho. Aia nā bacteria maikaʻi i loko o ko mākou kino a me ko mākou wahi noho, a me nā bacteria maikaʻi ʻole e hoʻoulu ai i nā maʻi.
• He ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa nā virus ma mua o ka bacteria a ʻaʻole hiki ke ola ma o lākou iho. I mea e ola ai, e māhelehele ai, a e hoʻonui ai, pono lākou e komo i loko o kekahi cell ola ʻē aʻe (kahi cell host).

Ua hoʻolālā ʻia nā antibiotics e hōʻino i kekahi mau ʻāpana o ka bacteria (no ka laʻana, ka paia o ke kelepona bacteria) a i ʻole e hoʻopilikia i kā lākou kaʻina hana ola (no ka laʻana, ka hana ʻana o nā protein). No ka mea, ʻokoʻa loa ke ʻano a me ke ola o nā virus mai ko ka bacteria, ʻaʻole hiki i nā antibiotics ke pepehi i nā virus.

He mea nui: No laila, ke loaʻa iā ʻoe ke anu, mai noi i ke kauka, "E hāʻawi mai iaʻu i kahi lāʻau antibiotic." Inā ʻaʻole hāʻawi ke kauka iā ʻoe i kahi lāʻau antibiotic, malia paha no ka mea ʻaʻole kūpono ia i kou maʻi.

He aha ka mea nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi antibiotic?

He kipi nui ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau. I ka wā ma mua, ua make ka poʻe he nui mai nā maʻi bacteria maʻalahi. E noʻonoʻo wale i ka nui o nā make i hana ʻia e kahi ʻeha liʻiliʻi i loaʻa i ka maʻi a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻāʻī (e like me ka strep throat).

Akā i ka makahiki 1928, ua ʻike hewa kekahi kanaka ʻepekema i kapa ʻia ʻo Alexander Fleming i ka antibiotic mua , ʻo ia hoʻi ka penicillin . Ua ʻike ʻo ia ua hoʻōki kekahi ʻano ʻōpala (e like me ka ʻōpala e ulu ana ma luna o ka ʻalani) i ka ulu ʻana o ka bacteria. Ma laila i hoʻomaka ai ka huakaʻi o kēia mau lāʻau kupanaha. I kēia lā, ua lilo nā antibiotics i mea pono no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi bacteria he nui, e like me ka pneumonia, ka maʻi puʻupuʻu, nā maʻi ʻili, a me nā maʻi urinary tract. Hoʻohana ʻia hoʻi lākou e pale aku i nā maʻi ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana.

Nā ʻano antibiotic a me kā lākou hana

He mau haneli o nā ʻano antibiotic like ʻole i loaʻa i kēia lā. ʻAʻole like ka hana a lākou a pau. ʻO kekahi o lākou:

• Hoʻōki ia i ka bacteria mai ka hana ʻana i ko lākou paia cell. A laila waiho ʻia nā bacteria me ka pale ʻole a make.
• Hoʻōki ia i ka bacteria mai ka hana ʻana i nā protein a lākou e pono ai. ʻAʻole hiki i ka bacteria ke ola me ka ʻole o nā protein.
• Hoʻopōʻino lākou i ka DNA o ka bacteria, a i ʻole e kāohi iā ia mai ke kope ʻia. A laila ʻaʻole hiki i ka bacteria ke māhele a hoʻonui.

E koho ke kauka i kahi antibiotic nāu ma muli o nā kumu he nui, e like me ke ʻano o ka bacteria i hoʻokumu i kou maʻi, nā antibiotics i maʻalahi i kēlā bacteria, kou makahiki, a inā he mau maʻi ʻē aʻe kou.

ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau antibiotic he "broad-spectrum," ʻo ia hoʻi hiki iā lākou ke hana kūʻē i nā ʻano bacteria like ʻole. ʻO kekahi he "narrow-spectrum," ʻo ia hoʻi ke kuhikuhi nei lākou i kekahi mau ʻano bacteria kikoʻī .

E hoʻomanaʻo pono i kēia mau mea i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i nā antibiotics!

ʻOiai he mau lāʻau lapaʻau waiwai nui nā antibiotics e hoʻōla ola ai, hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa nā hopena weliweli inā ʻaʻole hoʻohana pono ʻia. No laila, pono e mālama nui ʻia i kēia mau mea.

1. E hōʻoia e lawe i ka papa piha o ka lāʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia e ke kauka:

• Inā paha e ʻoi aku kou maikaʻi i loko o ʻelua a ʻekolu paha lā, e lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka helu piha o nā lā a kāu kauka e ʻōlelo ai iā ʻoe. Inā ʻoe e hoʻōki, hiki i nā bacteria ʻino i koe i loko o kou kino ke hoʻomaʻi hou iā ʻoe. ʻAʻole wale kēlā, akā hiki i nā bacteria i koe ke kūʻē i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Inā hana ʻia kēlā, ʻaʻole paha e hana ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hāʻawi ʻia iā ʻoe i ka manawa aʻe.
• E noʻonoʻo, ua kuhikuhi ʻia kāu hoaaloha ʻo Sumanawati i nā lāʻau antibiotic no 7 mau lā e ke kauka no ka maʻi ʻāʻī. Inā hoʻōki ʻo ia i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau ma hope o 3 mau lā, hiki i nā bacteria i koe ke hoʻomaʻi hou iā ia, a hiki paha ke hoʻoulu i kahi maʻi weliweli e like me ka fiva rumatika.

2. E hoʻohana wale i nā lāʻau antibiotic i kuhikuhi ʻia e ke kauka:

• Mai hoʻohana hou i nā koena antibiotic i hāʻawi ʻia iā ʻoe no kahi maʻi ma mua. ʻAʻole paha e hana ka lāʻau lapaʻau no kēlā maʻi, a i ʻole ʻaʻole lawa ka nui.
• Mai lawe i ka lāʻau antibiotic i hāʻawi ʻia i kahi hoaaloha a ʻohana paha me ka manaʻo he kūpono ia iā ʻoe.

3. Mai hāʻawi i kāu mau lāʻau antibiotic i kekahi.

4. Mai poina e haʻi i kāu kauka inā he maʻi ʻoe i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, ke lawe nei i ka lāʻau no nā maʻi ʻē aʻe, ke hāpai nei, a ke hānai waiū nei paha, no ka mea, ʻaʻole kūpono kekahi mau lāʻau antibiotic no ia mau hihia.

5. E makaʻala i nā hopena ʻaoʻao:

• Hiki i nā lāʻau antibiotic he nui ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao liʻiliʻi. Nā mea e like me ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, ka nausea, ka luaʻi ʻana, a me nā ʻulaʻula ʻili liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole maʻamau kēia mau mea koʻikoʻi a hoʻopau ʻia ma hope o kekahi mau lā o ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka lāʻau.
• Eia nō naʻe, inā pilikia ʻoe i ka hanu ʻana, ka pehu ʻana o ka maka, a i ʻole ka ʻulaʻula ma kou kino holoʻokoʻa, he hōʻailona paha ia o kahi hopena maʻi koʻikoʻi. Inā hana ʻia kēia , e hoʻōki koke i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a ʻike i ke kauka.

He aha ka pilikia weliweli o ke kū'ē ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic?

ʻO kēia ka pilikia olakino nui loa ma ka honua i kēia lā. ʻO ke kū'ē ʻana i ka antibiotic ke lilo ka bacteria i mea ikaika loa a hiki i ka wā e hōʻike ʻia ai lākou i nā antibiotics i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa a lilo lākou i kū'ē i kēlā mau lāʻau. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, lilo ka bacteria i "akamai" a loaʻa nā ala e pakele ai i nā lāʻau a mākou e hāʻawi ai iā lākou e pepehi iā lākou.

ʻO ke kumu nui o kēia, ʻo ia ka hoʻohana pono ʻole ʻana o nā lāʻau antibiotic.

• Ke lawe nei i nā lāʻau antibiotic i ka wā ʻaʻole pono (e.g. no ka maʻi viral).
• ʻAʻole lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka manawa piha i kauoha ʻia e ke kauka.
• E kūʻai i nā lāʻau antibiotic mai ka hale kūʻai lāʻau me ke nīnau ʻole ʻana i ke kauka.

Inā piʻi ka pale ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki i nā maʻi bacteria maʻamau ke lilo i mea hiki ʻole ke mālama ʻia. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻo nā maʻi i mālama mua ʻia me kahi lāʻau maʻalahi e pono ai nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou, ikaika, a pipiʻi. Hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka puka ʻana mai o nā "superbugs" ʻaʻole hiki i nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe ke mālama.

He kuleana nui ko kākou a pau e pale aku i kēia. ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa e hiki iā kākou ke hana, ʻo ia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic e like me ke kauoha a ke kauka.

He aha ka mea kūikawā e pili ana i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā antibiotics i nā keiki?

Pono ʻoe e makaʻala nui i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā antibiotics i nā keiki.

• Ka nui: Hoʻoholo ʻia ka nui o nā lāʻau antibiotic i hāʻawi ʻia i nā keiki e ko lākou kaumaha. ʻAʻole hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka nui i hāʻawi ʻia i nā pākeke i nā keiki.
• ʻAno: ʻAʻole kūpono kekahi ʻano antibiotic no ka makahiki o nā keiki a i ʻole ko lākou kino e ulu ana.
• ʻŌlelo aʻo a ke kauka pediatric: E hāʻawi mau i kāu keiki i nā lāʻau antibiotic i kuhikuhi ʻia e ke kauka pediatric, e like me kā lākou ʻōlelo, a no ka lōʻihi a lākou e ʻōlelo ai.
• Mai noi mau i nā lāʻau antibiotic no nā mea e like me ke anu a me nā ʻūhū viral. Hoʻomaopopo pinepine nā kauka i nā lāʻau antibiotic no nā maʻi bacteria e like me ka tonsillitis bacteria, kekahi mau maʻi pepeiao, a me nā maʻi urinary tract (UTI).

ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ola i nā maʻi bacteria me ka ʻole o nā antibiotics?

ʻAe! Aia kekahi mau mea hiki iā mākou ke hana e pale aku i nā maʻi bacteria ma mua o ko lākou hiki ʻana mai:

• E noho maʻemaʻe: E holoi pono i kou mau lima me ke kopa a me ka wai, ʻoiai ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana, ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lua, a ma hope o ka hoʻi ʻana mai i ka home mai waho.
• E kiʻi i nā lāʻau pale: Aia nā lāʻau pale e hiki ke pale aku i kekahi mau maʻi bacteria (e like me ka pneumonia, meningitis, whooping cough). E kiʻi iā lākou i ka manawa kūpono.
• Palekana meaʻai: E ʻai i ka meaʻai maʻemaʻe a moʻa maikaʻi ʻia.
• E hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono i nā ʻeha: E hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono i nā ʻeha liʻiliʻi a kau i kahi pāpale inā pono.

Nā mea nui a mākou e hoʻomanaʻo ai (Leka Lawe-Home)

ʻAe, no laila ke manaʻo nei au ua maopopo iā ʻoe i kēia manawa nā lāʻau antibiotic. ʻO ka mea hope loa, e hoʻomanaʻo hou kākou iā mākou iho i kēia mau manaʻo:

• He ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau waiwai nui nā antibiotics i hoʻohana wale ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi bacteria . ʻAʻole lākou e hana kūʻē i nā maʻi viral.
• E hoʻohana mau i nā lāʻau antibiotic inā wale nō i kuhikuhi ʻia e ke kauka, a e like me ke kuhikuhi ʻana .
• E hōʻoia e hoʻopau i ka papa holoʻokoʻa o ka lāʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia e kāu kauka. Mai hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana no ka mea ua emi iho kou mau hōʻailona.
• E kōkua kākou a pau i ka pale ʻana i ke kūlana weliweli o ke kūʻē ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic. ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e hana ai i kēlā, ʻo ia ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻohana pono ʻole ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic.
• Inā he kānalua kou no kekahi mea, mai hilahila a nīnau i kāu kauka.

Ke makemake nei iā ʻoe i ke ola olakino!

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