Hiki i nā kāne ke loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma? (Kane Breast Cancer) E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia!

Ke noʻonoʻo kākou i ke kanesa o ka umauma, noʻonoʻo kākou i nā wahine, ʻeā? Manaʻo ka poʻe he maʻi kēia e pili wale ana i nā wahine. Akā, ua ʻike anei ʻoe hiki i nā kāne ke loaʻa pū kekahi i ke kanesa o ka umauma (Male Breast Cancer). ʻOiaʻiʻo, he mea kakaikahi iki ia. Hoʻokahi wale nō i loko o 100 mau maʻi kanesa o ka umauma he kāne. Akā, ʻaʻole hiki iā kākou ke hoʻowahāwahā iā ia no ka mea he mea kakaikahi ia. Inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi puʻupuʻu a i ʻole kahi puʻupuʻu i loko o kou umauma, mai hoʻokuke wale iā ia me he "ʻAuē, ʻaʻole kēia e hana i nā kāne." He mea nui loa ia e hōʻike i kekahi puʻupuʻu kānalua i ke kauka a nānā ʻia.

He aha ke Kanesa ʻŪmā o ke Kāne?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ke kanesa umauma kāne ke hoʻomaka nā pūnaewele i loko o ka ʻiʻo umauma i loko o kou umauma e ulu ma ke ʻano ʻē a me ke kaohi ʻole. Loaʻa i nā kāne nā ʻiʻo umauma, e like me nā wahine, akā i nā nui liʻiliʻi. Ma loko o kēia ʻiʻo e hiki ai ke ulu ka maʻi kanesa.

He mea nui loa ka makaʻala i kēia kūlana ma Sri Lanka. No ka mea, i kekahi manawa ma muli o ka hilahila a i ʻole ke ʻano hewa o "he aha ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma no nā kāne?", nui ka poʻe e hoʻopaneʻe i ka ʻike ʻana i ke kauka ʻoiai inā loaʻa iā lākou nā hōʻailona. Hoʻonui kēia i ka manawa e ʻoi aku ka maʻi.

He aha nā ʻano o ke kanesa umauma kāne?

Hoʻomaka kēia maʻi ʻaʻai ma loko o ka ʻiʻo umauma i loko o kou umauma. ʻO nā umauma o nā kāne, e like me nā umauma o nā wahine, he mau ʻōpū liʻiliʻi e hana ana i ka waiū (lobules) a me nā ʻōmole liʻiliʻi (ducts) e lawe ana i ka waiū (inā he) i ka nipple. Eia naʻe, i nā kāne, ʻaʻole nui kēia mau mea, no ka mea, ʻaʻole pono lākou e hānai i ka waiū. No laila, i ka hapa nui o ka manawa, hoʻomaka kēia maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā ducts. ʻElua mau ala nui:

• ʻO Ductal Carcinoma: ʻO kēia ʻano maʻi kanesa ka mea e pili ana i 9 o 10 mau hihia o ke kanesa umauma kāne. I kēia ʻano, hoʻomaka ke kanesa ma nā ducts lawe waiū a laila laha i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ka umauma. ʻElua ʻano o kēia ʻano:
• ʻO ka Invasive Ductal Carcinoma: ʻO kēia ke ʻano maʻamau. Hoʻomaka ke kanesa ma nā ducts a laha i nā ʻiʻo umauma a puni.
• ʻO Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS): ʻAʻole kēia i maʻamau. Maanei, aia ke kanesa i loko o nā ducts a ʻaʻole i laha ma waho o lākou.

• ʻO Lobular Carcinoma: He ʻano maʻi kanesa kēia e hoʻomaka ana ma nā kelepa hana waiū (lobules). ʻO Invasive Lobular Carcinoma ke ʻano ua laha aku ia i nā ʻiʻo a puni. Eia nō naʻe, he mea kakaikahi loa kēia ʻano i nā kāne, no ka mea, he kakaikahi a ʻaʻohe paha lobules o nā kāne.

ʻO ka mea nui, i kekahi manawa he mau mea loaʻa kūikawā e like me nā 'antennae' nā hunaola kanesa. Ke hoʻopaʻa kekahi mau hormones i kēia mau antennae, hoʻomaka nā hunaola kanesa e māhele a ulu koke. E noʻonoʻo e like me ke kī e loaʻa ana i kahi laka. I ka hapa nui o nā hihia o ke kanesa umauma kāne,Aia nā mea loaʻa e pane ana i nā hormones estrogen a me progesterone. ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau o ka invasive ductal carcinoma i nā kāne ʻo ia ka estrogen receptor-positive (ER+).

He aha nā hōʻailona o ke kanesa umauma kāne?

ʻO ka pinepine ka hōʻailona mua he puʻupuʻu paʻakikī ʻole i loko o ka umauma, pinepine ma lalo o ka nipple . Hiki i nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe ke komo pū me:

• He puʻu ma ka ʻāʻī.
• He ʻāpāpā ka ʻili ma ka umauma, e like me ka ʻili ʻalani, a ua like hoʻi me nā lua.
• Lilo ka ʻili ma ka umauma a i ʻole ka nipple i ʻulaʻula a ʻōniʻoniʻo.
• Ke ʻeha nei a i ʻole ka paʻa ʻana ma ka umauma a i ʻole ka ʻāʻī.
• He wai moakāka a i ʻole kekahi mea e like me ke koko e puka mai ana mai ka nipple mai, a i ʻole kahi nipple i hoʻohuli ʻia.

Inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi mea e like me kēia, mai manaʻo wale, "Ua hana wale kēia." E ʻike koke i ke kauka.

He aha nā kumu o ke kanesa umauma kāne?

I ka pololei, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma e nā loli i loko o ka DNA, a i ʻole nā ​​mutations, i loko o nā cell umauma. Hoʻomaka kēia mau cell i mutated e māhele wikiwiki a me ke kāohi ʻole ʻia, me ka make ʻole. I ka hopena, hui pū kēia mau cell cancer e hana i nā tumors. I kekahi manawa, hiki i nā ʻāpana o kēia mau tumors ke haki a laha i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino ma o ka ʻōnaehana lymphatic a i ʻole ke kahe koko. Ke hana ʻia kēia, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he kanesa metastatic.

Ke noiʻi nei nā kānaka ʻepekema i ke kumu e lilo ai nā pūnaewele olakino i mau pūnaewele maʻi kanesa.

Nā Kumu Pilikia

Hiki i kekahi mau kumu ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma. E nānā kākou i ko lākou ʻano:

• Makahiki: Piʻi iki ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia maʻi i kou wā ʻelemakule. ʻIke pinepine ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma kāne i ka poʻe ma luna o 60 mau makahiki. ʻAʻole ia manaʻo ʻaʻole ia e loaʻa i ka poʻe ʻōpio, akā piʻi ka pilikia me ka makahiki.
• Moʻolelo ʻohana pili ola: Inā ua loaʻa i kou makuahine, makuakāne, kaikunāne, kaikuahine, a keiki paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian, ua piʻi aʻe kou pilikia. ʻO kēia no ka mea hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia kekahi mau maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā genes.
• Nā Genes: Hoʻonui kekahi mau hoʻololi genetic i ka pilikia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma. ʻO ka mea maʻamau o kēia mau mea ʻo BRCA1 a ʻoi aku hoʻi ʻo BRCA2. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā loli i ka gene PTEN i ka maʻi Cowden, ka gene TP53 i ka maʻi Li-Fraumeni, a me ka gene MMR i ka maʻi Lynch hiki ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia.
• Ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka hormone estrogen:ʻO kekahi mau maʻi olakino, e like me ka cirrhosis o ke akepaʻa, ka momona, a i ʻole kahi maʻi genetic i kapa ʻia ʻo Klinefelter syndrome, hiki ke hoʻonui i nā pae estrogen i loko o ke kino. Hiki i ka inu nui ʻana i ka waiʻona ke kumu.
• Nā pilikia testicle: ʻOi aku kou pilikia inā ua wehe ʻia kekahi o kāu mau testicle ma ke ʻoki ʻana (orchiectomy), inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi trauma i kāu mau testicle, a inā he maʻi kou e like me ka orchitis, a inā he mau testicle i iho ʻole i lalo.
• Lapaʻau radiation: Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ka radiation therapy ma ka umauma ma mua, e piʻi aʻe paha kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma.

Pehea e hōʻemi ai i ka pilikia?

Inā manaʻo ʻoe he loli hoʻoilina kou e hoʻonui ai i kou pilikia o ka maʻi kanesa, he manaʻo maikaʻi ia e loaʻa ka hoʻāʻo hoʻoilina. Inā ua loaʻa i kekahi o kou ʻohana ka maʻi kanesa umauma a i ʻole ka maʻi kanesa ovarian, he hōʻailona kēlā e loaʻa paha iā ʻoe ka loli hoʻoilina gene BRCA2. Hiki i kēia loli hoʻoilina gene ke hana ʻaʻole wale i ka maʻi kanesa umauma, akā, i ka maʻi kanesa ʻili (melanoma), ka maʻi kanesa pancreatic, a me ka maʻi kanesa prostate.

Hiki i ke kauka ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻoholo inā kūpono ka hoʻāʻo genetic iā ʻoe.

Pehea e ʻike ai nā kauka i kēia?

Ke ʻike ʻoe i ke kauka, e nīnau ʻo ia iā ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona a me nā kumu pilikia. A laila e hana lākou i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e ʻike ai inā he maʻi ʻaʻai umauma kāne kou:

• Hoʻokolokolo umauma: E hoʻopā ke kauka i kou ʻiʻo umauma a nānā i nā loli ʻili, nā puʻupuʻu, a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​mea ʻē aʻe.
• Nā hoʻāʻo kiʻi: Hiki i ka mammogram ke ʻike i ka hapa nui o nā maʻi ʻaʻai umauma i nā kāne. Lawe kēia i kahi X-ray o ka umauma. I kekahi manawa hiki ke hana ʻia kahi ultrasound ma mua a ma hope paha o ka mammogram e aʻo hou e pili ana i ka puʻupuʻu.
• Biopsy: ʻO kēia ke ala maikaʻi loa e hōʻoia ai . Lawe ke kauka i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo mai ka puʻupuʻu a i ʻole kahi kānalua a hoʻouna iā ia i ka lab e nānā ma lalo o kahi microscope no nā hunaola kanesa.

Ma ka hale hana hoʻokolohua, nānā nā pathologists i ka hāpana ʻiʻo e ʻike inā loaʻa iā ia nā hunaola kanesa, a inā paha he mau mea loaʻa hormone i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, a inā paha he mea loaʻa iā ia ka mea loaʻa HER2 (kahi protein e kōkua i ka ulu ʻana o ka kanesa). E kōkua nui kēia ʻike i kāu kauka i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau.

Nā pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma kāne

Ke hōʻoia ʻia ka maʻi kanesa, e hoʻoholo nā kauka i kona 'kahua'. ʻO ia hoʻi ke nānā ʻana i ka nui a me kahi o ka puʻupuʻu e ʻike ai i ka mamao o kona laha ʻana a me kona koʻikoʻi. I kēia manawa, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i nā hoʻokolohua 'kiʻi' ʻē aʻe, a me ka 'sentinel node biopsy'. Pili kēia i ka wehe ʻana i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā lymph nodes kokoke i ka puʻupuʻu e nānā i nā hunaola kanesa.

ʻO nā pae nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma kāne:

• Pae 0: Aia nā hunaola kanesa i loko o nā ʻauwai umauma wale nō. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo Ductal Carcinoma In Situ.
• Pae I: He liʻiliʻi ka puʻupuʻu a ʻaʻole i pālahalaha i nā lymph nodes.
• Pae II: ʻOi aku ka nui o ka puʻupuʻu ma mua o ke kahua I. Ua pālahalaha paha i kekahi mau axillary lymph nodes.
• Pae III: Ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i kekahi mau lymph node, nui paha ka puʻupuʻu, a ua pālahalaha paha nā hunaola kanesa i ka paia umauma a i ʻole ka ʻili.
• Pae IV: Ua pālahalaha nā hunaola kanesa i nā wahi mamao o ke kino. I ke kanesa umauma kāne, ʻo nā wahi laha maʻamau ka iwi, nā māmā, a me ke akepaʻa .

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ke kanesa umauma kāne?

ʻO ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau āu e loaʻa ai e hilinaʻi ʻia ma nā kumu he nui, me ke ʻano o ka maʻi kanesa a me ka mamao o kona laha ʻana (kahua). Pono paha ʻoe e hana i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o kahi moʻo. E wehewehe pono kāu kauka i kēia iā ʻoe.

ʻoki kino

ʻO ke ʻoki ʻana ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma kāne mua. ʻO ka hapa pinepine, wehe ʻia ka umauma holoʻokoʻa. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he mastectomy . I kekahi manawa, hana ʻia kahi lumpectomy, kahi e wehe wale ai i ka puʻupuʻu, akā no nā kāne, ʻo ka mastectomy ka mea maʻamau.

I kekahi manawa hana ʻia kahi "radical mastectomy". Ma kēia, wehe ʻia ka ʻiʻo umauma holoʻokoʻa, nā lymph nodes ma ka armpit, a me kahi hapa o ka ʻiʻo umauma. Akā i kēia manawa ʻo ka mea maʻamau ka "modified radical mastectomy." Ma kēia, ʻaʻole wehe ʻia ka ʻiʻo ʻiʻo, a wehe ʻia kekahi hapa liʻiliʻi o nā lymph nodes.

Hoʻōla radiation

Hoʻohana ka radiation therapy no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma i nā kukuna X a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano kukuna ikehu kiʻekiʻe ʻē aʻe e luku i nā hunaola kanesa. Hāʻawi pinepine ʻia kēia lāʻau ma hope o ka lumpectomy e pepehi i nā hunaola kanesa i koe. I kekahi manawa, hiki i ka radiation therapy ke pepehi i nā hunaola kanesa liʻiliʻi i hiki ʻole ke wehe ʻia e ke ʻoki ʻana a kokoke i ka paia umauma a i ʻole ka ʻili. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka ulu hou ʻana o nā puʻupuʻu.

Kemoterapia

ʻO ka Chemotherapy ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā e pepehi i nā hunaola kanesa ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa. No nā puʻupuʻu kūloko (ʻaʻole malignant), hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka chemotherapy ma mua o ke ʻoki ʻana e hoʻēmi i ka puʻupuʻu. A i ʻole, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka chemotherapy ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana me ka radiation therapy e hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka hoʻi hou ʻana mai o kahi puʻupuʻu a i ʻole ka laha ʻana o ke kanesa i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino. ʻAʻole hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau lāʻau i ka manawa like, akā kekahi ma hope o kekahi.

Hoʻōla lāʻau hormone

Inā hoʻohana nā hunaola kanesa i nā hormones e like me ka estrogen e ulu ai, hoʻohana nā kauka i ka lāʻau lapaʻau hormone e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā pae estrogen a i ʻole e ālai i kona hopena. ʻO Tamoxifen kahi lāʻau i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e mālama i ka maʻi kanesa umauma kāne. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo aromatase inhibitors, i ka wā e hui pū ʻia me nā agonists gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), hiki ke hoʻōki i ka ulu ʻana o nā hunaola kanesa i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā hormones.

Hoʻōla i kuhikuhi ʻia

Hana nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia ma ke keakea ʻana i nā kaʻina hana kikoʻī e kōkua ai i ka ulu ʻana o nā hunaola kanesa. Hana wale kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma nā ʻano kikoʻī o nā hunaola kanesa. No ka laʻana, hana wale kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma nā hunaola umauma i loaʻa nā mea loaʻa hormone. Aia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, e like me nā mea hoʻopaʻa PARP, no nā hunaola kanesa i loaʻa kahi mutation gene BRCA.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

Inā he puʻupuʻu i wehewehe ʻole ʻia ma kou umauma ʻaʻole i nalowale ma hope o ʻelua pule, e ʻike pono i ke kauka. Eia kekahi, e hahai i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka e pili ana i ka pinepine o kāu hana ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua maʻi kanesa.

He aha ka mea e hana ai inā loaʻa iaʻu ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma kāne? (Prognosis)

ʻO ke ʻano o ka maʻi kanesa a me ke kahua o ia maʻi e hoʻopilikia nui i ke ala o kou maʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka prognosis. Inā ʻike mua ʻia, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka nui o ka ho'ōla ʻia.

Ua ʻike ʻia ma kahi noiʻi hou nei ʻo ka nui o ka make ʻana o nā kāne me ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma (hormone-responsive - ʻano `HR+`) ma ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai: I loko o 20 mau makahiki o ka hōʻoia ʻana:

• Pae I: 12.4% i make i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma.
• Pae II: 26.2% i make i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma.
• Pae III: Ua make ʻo 46% i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma.

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, nui nā kāne e hoʻopaneʻe nei i ka ʻike ʻana i ke kauka. ʻO ka hopena, i ka manawa e ʻike ʻia ai lākou, ua holomua loa ke kanesa, e paʻakikī ai ka mālama ʻana.

ʻO ia ke kumu a mākou e ʻōlelo nei, inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi puʻupuʻu ʻē i loko o kou umauma, e ʻike koke i ke kauka. Manaʻo ʻole ka nui o nā kāne he maʻi ʻaʻai umauma ko lākou. No laila, ʻaʻole paha lākou e ʻike i nā hōʻailona. Akā, loaʻa i nā kāne ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma.Hiki i ka ʻike mua ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana ke hoʻopakele i kou ola. Inā ua loaʻa kekahi o kou ʻohana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka ʻike mua ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai (Leka Lawe-Home)

ʻAe, e hōʻuluʻulu kākou i kekahi o nā mea e pono ai ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo mai nā mea a mākou i kamaʻilio ai:

• Hiki i nā kāne ke loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma. ʻOiai he mea kakaikahi ia, mai hoʻowahāwahā iā ia.
• ʻO kahi puʻupuʻu ʻeha ʻole ma ka umauma, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma lalo o ka nipple, hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona nui. E nānā pū i nā puʻupuʻu ma ka armpit, nā loli o ka ʻili, a me ke kahe ʻana o ka nipple.
• ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pilikia inā loaʻa i kekahi o kou ʻohana kahi mōʻaukala o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma, inā ʻoi aku ʻoe ma mua o 60 mau makahiki, a inā he mau kūlana genetic kou (BRCA).
• Inā he kānalua kāu, mai hilahila a e ʻike koke i ke kauka. Hiki i nā hoʻokolohua e like me ka mammogram a me ka biopsy ke hōʻoia i ka maʻi.
• Inā ʻike koke ʻia, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka manawa e ho'ōla ʻia ai! Nui nā koho lapaʻau like ʻole, e like me ke ʻoki kino, ka radiation therapy, ka chemotherapy, a me ka hormone therapy.

ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i kēia hiki ke hana i kahi ʻokoʻa nui i kou ola a me ke ola o nā kāne ʻē aʻe āu i ʻike ai. E noho olakino!

ʻAʻai umauma kāne , ʻaʻai umauma kāne, nā hōʻailona o ke kanesa, nā puʻupuʻu umauma, ka pilikia o ke kanesa, ka mālama ʻana i ke kanesa, BRCA