Ua ʻike anei kākou i kēia maʻi hanu i kapa ʻia ʻo MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome)?

ʻAʻole paha ʻoe i lohe mua i ka MERS. Akā i kēia manawa, mahalo i ka maʻi ahulau COVID-19, ua kamaʻāina loa mākou a pau i nā coronaviruses. He lālā nō hoʻi ʻo MERS o ka ʻohana coronavirus, akā he maʻi hanu ʻokoʻa iki ia, i kekahi manawa he maʻi koʻikoʻi loa. No laila, he mea kūpono ke aʻo iki e pili ana iā ia no ʻoe a me kou ʻohana, ʻeā? E kamaʻilio maʻalahi kākou e pili ana.

He aha ka MERS?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he maʻi ʻoluʻolu, koʻikoʻi, a paʻakikī hoʻi ka hanu ʻana o MERS e hoʻopilikia ana i ko kākou mau māmā. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e kahi ʻano maʻi kikoʻī i kapa ʻia ʻo Coronavirus . I ka pololei, ua kapa ʻia ka maʻi ʻo 'MERS-CoV' (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus). Ua hōʻike mua ʻia kēia maʻi i ka honua i ka makahiki 2012 ma Saudi Arabia. ʻO ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai ʻo "Middle East Respiratory Syndrome".

E aʻo iki kākou e pili ana i nā Coronaviruses

I kēia manawa, ke noʻonoʻo nei paha ʻoe i ke ʻano o kēia mau coronaviruses a no ke aha lākou i weliweli ai. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole hoʻokahi wale nō viruses nā coronaviruses, akā he hui nui o nā viruses. Hoʻopili pinepine lākou i nā manu, a i ʻole nā ​​​​mammals e like me nā ʻīlio, nā pōpoki, a me nā bipi. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi manawa loli a hoʻololi kēia mau viruses, a aia kahi hiki ke hoʻopili pū i nā kānaka.

Ua ʻike mua nā kānaka ʻepekema i kēia mau coronavirus i ka waena o nā makahiki 1960. Mai ia manawa, ua ʻike ʻia ʻehiku mau ʻano o ka coronavirus e hiki ai ke maʻi i nā kānaka. ʻEhā o kēia mau mea e hōʻike ai i nā hōʻailona iki, e like me ke anu maʻamau. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka ʻino o nā mea ʻekolu ʻē aʻe a hiki i kekahi manawa ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. ʻO kēia mau mea ʻekolu:

• ʻO `SARS-CoV` (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus): Ua ʻike ʻia kēia i ka makahiki 2003. E hoʻomanaʻo paha ʻoe i kēlā manawa, nui ka makaʻu a puni ka honua.
• ʻO `MERS-CoV` (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus): ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e kamaʻilio nei i kēia manawa. Ua ʻike ʻia i ka makahiki 2012.
• `SARS-CoV-2`: ʻO kēia ka maʻi i hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi `COVID-19` a kākou a pau e hakakā nei i kēia mau lā iho nei.

Pehea ka maʻamau o ka MERS?

No laila, pehea ka maʻamau o kēia maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo MERS? Wahi a ka World Health Organization (WHO), i Ianuali 2020, ua hōʻike ʻia he 2,519 mau hihia MERS ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa mai ka makahiki 2012. ʻOiai ua hōʻike ʻia kēia mau maʻi mai 27 mau ʻāina, ua hōʻike ʻia he 80% o kēia mau maʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻewalu o ka ʻumi, mai Saudi Arabia mai. E like me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ua loaʻa kēia ma hope o ka huakaʻi ʻana i nā ʻāina ma ka Arabian Peninsula, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā ʻāina e like me Iraq, Iran, Israel, Saudi Arabia, a me Suria, a i ʻole ma hope o ka noho ʻana ma laila. ʻOiai ke hele nei ko mākou ʻāina i kēia mau ʻāina no ka hana, he mea nui e makaʻala i kēia. ʻOiai ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻelua wale nō mau maʻi MERS i hōʻike ʻia. He mau limahana olakino lāua ʻelua, i huakaʻi i Saudi Arabia.

ʻO wai ka mea i pilikia nui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka MERS?

No laila, e nānā kākou i ka mea i pilikia nui i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka MERS. E noʻonoʻo i kēia mau ʻoiaʻiʻo:

• No ka poʻe i huakaʻi aku nei i ka ʻArabia Peninsula (e.g. Saudi Arabia, Qatar, United Arab Emirates).
• No ka poʻe i huakaʻi i ka ʻArabia Peninsula a ua launa pū me kekahi i maʻi ma hope.
• No ka poʻe i pili kokoke me kekahi i hōʻoia ʻia ua loaʻa iā ia ka maʻi ʻo `MERS-CoV`.
• Inā he limahana mālama ola kino ʻoe, ua hana pū ʻoe me kahi maʻi MERS a ʻaʻole ʻoe i hahai i nā hana kaohi maʻi kūpono.
• No ka poʻe i launa pono me nā kāmelo, a i ʻole ka poʻe i ʻai i ka ʻiʻo kāmelo maka ʻole, a i ʻole ka poʻe i inu i ka waiū kāmelo i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻole ʻia. (ʻAʻole pili loa kēia no Sri Lanka, akā he mea nui ia no ka poʻe e hele ana i ka Hikina Waena).

Ma hea i puka mai ai ka maʻi MERS?

E noʻonoʻo i kahi i puka mai ai kēia mau maʻi. Manaʻo nā kānaka noiʻi ua hoʻomaka mua nā maʻi e like me MERS, SARS, a me COVID-19 i nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa, a laila laha i nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, a ma hope loa i nā kānaka.

• I kēia manawa, ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia ua lele ka maʻi MERS-CoV mai nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa a i nā kāmelo a mai nā kāmelo a i nā kānaka .
• Ua hiki mai ka maʻi SARS-CoV i kānaka ma o nā civets (he mammal liʻiliʻi i loaʻa ma ʻApelika a me ʻAsia).
• ʻAʻole maopopo loa i nā kānaka ʻepekema mai ka holoholona hea i hele mai ai ka maʻi COVID-19 i ke kanaka.

Pehea e laha ai ka MERS?

E like me kekahi mau maʻi lele ʻē aʻe, noho ka maʻi MERS-CoV i loko o ko kākou ala hanu. No laila, laha nui ia ma o nā kulu hanu i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka wā e ʻū ai a i ʻole e kihe ai ke kanaka.

He maʻi lele ka MERS. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ia i laha koke a puni ka honua e like me COVID-19. Pono ka MERS i ka pilina kokoke loa e laha. E like me ma waena o nā ʻohana a i ʻole i ka wā e mālama ai i kahi maʻi ma ka haukapila. ʻAʻole i ʻike nā luna olakino i ka laha ʻana o ke kaiāulu.

Eia kekahi, hiki i nā kāmelo ke hoʻoili i ka MERS. Loaʻa i nā kāmelo ma Saudi Arabia a me nā ʻāina e pili ana nā ʻano MERS e like me nā ʻano MERS e hoʻoulu ai i nā maʻi i loko o kānaka. Hōʻike kēia e hoʻoili ikaika nei nā kāmelo i ka MERS i nā kānaka.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka MERS?

ʻAʻole paha e loaʻa i ke kanaka me MERS kekahi mau hōʻailona. A i ʻole, loaʻa paha iā lākou nā hōʻailona liʻiliʻi e like me ke anu maʻamau. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kekahi manawa ke holomua i kahi kūlana ʻoi aku ka ʻino a hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻoulu ka MERS i nā hōʻailona hanu e like me:

• Kuke
• Kuni (kuni kiʻekiʻe paha)
• Pōkole o ka hanu

Ua hōʻike pū kekahi poʻe i nā hōʻailona e like me ka maʻi pākī, ka nausea, a me ka luaʻi. Hoʻomaka pinepine nā hōʻailona MERS i loko o ʻelua a ʻumikumamāhā mau lā ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka maʻi.

He aha nā pilikia weliweli e hiki ke kū mai ma muli o ka MERS?

I kēia manawa, e nānā kākou i nā pilikia e hiki mai ana inā lilo ka MERS i mea koʻikoʻi. ʻO kēia kahi e pono ai mākou e kālele nui. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, hiki i ka MERS ke holomua i ka pneumonia , ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu, a me ka pono no ka ea mechanical . Hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka hāʻule ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa.

Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo ka nui o ka make no MERS ma kahi o 35%. ʻO ia hoʻi, ma kahi o hoʻokahi o ʻekolu mau kānaka e loaʻa ana iā MERS e make. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke haʻahaʻa loa kēia. ʻAʻole komo kēia helu i nā maʻi me nā hōʻailona liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia a hōʻike ʻia paha.

ʻOi aku ka nui o ka maʻi o kēia maʻi i nā poʻe i loaʻa nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e hoʻonāwaliwali ai i ka ʻōnaehana pale. Eia kekahi laʻana:

• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai
• Maʻi puʻuwai mau loa
• Maʻi puʻupaʻa mau loa
• Maʻi maʻi mau o ka māmā (e like me ka hānō, COPD)
• ʻO ka maʻi diabetes (ʻO ka maʻi diabetes mellitus)
• Poʻe ʻelemakule

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka maʻi MERS?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona hanu e like me ke kuni, ka ʻū, a me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, e nīnau kāu kauka iā ʻoe e pili ana i kou mōʻaukala olakino. E hōʻoia e haʻi i kāu kauka inā ua huakaʻi ʻoe i kekahi wahi i hala koke aku nei, ʻoiai ma ka Hikina Waena, a i ʻole ua launa pū me ka poʻe maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​kāmelo.

Hiki ke hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kūikawā e hoʻoholo ai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi MERS ikaika a i ʻole i hala. Hiki i kāu kauka ke lawe i kekahi mau laʻana, e like me:

• Laʻana o ke ala hanu haʻahaʻa: E noi ʻia paha ʻoe e hōʻiliʻili i ka sputum (a i ʻole phlegm) i loko o kahi pahu. ʻOkoʻa, hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻokomo i kahi ʻōmole lahilahi a palupalu (bronchoscope) i lalo o kou puʻu e lawe i kahi laʻana o ka sputum mai kou mau māmā.
• Laʻana o ke ala hanu o luna: Pili kēia i ka lawe ʻana i kahi laʻana mai loko mai o ka ihu a i ʻole ka ʻāʻī o luna me kahi swab.
• Hāʻina serum: ʻO ka serum ka ʻāpana wai o kou koko. Lawe ke kauka i kahi hāpana o kou koko a milo iā ia i loko o kahi mīkini wikiwiki (centrifuge). A laila hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka serum mai nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo, a me nā platelets. A laila hoʻāʻo ʻia kēia serum no nā antibodies i hana ʻia e kūʻē i ka maʻi.

ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia nā keʻena hoʻokolohua āpau e hoʻāʻo no MERS-CoV. Hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻouna i ka hāpana i ka keʻena hoʻokolohua o kou keʻena olakino mokuʻāina a i ʻole i kahi hale kūikawā, e like me ke Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka MERS?

ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau antiviral kūikawā i ʻae ʻia no MERS i kēia manawa. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau kikoʻī e hiki ke pepehi i ka maʻi. No laila, ʻo ka mālama lapaʻau he mālama kākoʻo, e kōkua ana i ka kaohi ʻana i kāu mau hōʻailona ʻoiai kou kino e hakakā nei i ka maʻi.

• Inā he mau ʻōuli iki kou, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaha ma ka home a lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka paracetamol no ka ʻeha a me ke kuni.
• Eia nō naʻe, inā koʻikoʻi ka maʻi, pono paha ʻoe e lawe ʻia i ka haukapila. I kēlā hihia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā mea e like me:
• E hāʻawi i nā wai IV (e pale i ka maloʻo ʻana o ka wai).
• Ke hāʻawi nei i ka oxygen keu (no nā pilikia hanu).
• Inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hanu, hoʻohana ʻia ka ea mechanical.
• Inā hāʻule nā ​​​​puʻupaʻa, hiki ke hana ʻia ka dialysis.

Pehea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke pale aku i ka laha ʻana o ka MERS i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe? (Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka MERS)

Inā ʻike ʻoe a manaʻo paha he MERS kou, pono ʻoe e hana i kēia mau mea e pale aku ai i ka laha ʻana i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe:

• E noho koke ma ka home. E noho i loko o kahi lumi kaʻawale mai nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. Inā hiki, e hoʻohana i kahi lumi ʻauʻau kaʻawale.
• E holoi pinepine i kou mau lima me ke kopa a me ka wai (no ka liʻiliʻi he 20 kekona). Inā ʻoe e hoʻohana i ka mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe lima, pono e loaʻa iā ia ma ka liʻiliʻi he 60% ka waiʻona.
• E ʻaʻahu i ka pale maka i ka wā e noho ai i loko o kahi lumi me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.
• E uhi i kou waha a me kou ihu me kahi ʻili pepa ke ʻū a ʻūhā paha ʻoe. E hoʻolei koke i ka ʻili pepa i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o kahi ʻōpala pani a holoi hou i kou mau lima.
• E kelepona i kāu kauka ma mua o kou hele ʻana e ʻike iā lākou a haʻi iā lākou he MERS paha kāu i hiki ai iā lākou ke lawe i nā hana palekana e pono ai.
• Inā e ʻoi aku ka ʻino o kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​​​no ka laʻana, inā pilikia nui ʻoe i ka hanu ʻana, e kāhea koke aku i kāu kauka .

Āhea e hiki ai ke hoʻomaka hou i nā hana maʻamau?

Inā maikaʻi kou manaʻo i kēia manawa, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ka wā e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻi hou i nā hana maʻamau. E hāʻawi kāu keʻena olakino kūloko a i ʻole ke keʻena olakino panalāʻau iā ʻoe i ke alakaʻi no ka lōʻihi o kou noho ʻana ma ka home e pale aku i ka laha ʻana o MERS i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. ʻO kēia ka maʻamau a hiki i ka pau ʻana o kāu mau hōʻailona a ua hoʻāʻo maikaʻi ʻole ʻoe no ka maʻi.

Pehea e pale ai iā ʻoe iho mai MERS? (Nā ʻano pale)

ʻAʻohe lāʻau pale no MERS i kēia manawa. ʻO nā ala e pale aku ai i ka MERS ua like like me nā mea no nā maʻi hanu ʻē aʻe a pau:

• E holoi pono i kou mau lima me ke kopa. E holoi pono i kou mau lima ma hope o ka puka ʻana i waho, ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana, a ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lua.
• I ke kuʻi ʻana a i ʻole ke ʻūhā ʻana, e uhi i kou waha a me kou ihu me kahi pepa ʻili a i ʻole ka ʻaoʻao o loko o kou kuʻekuʻe lima.
• E pale i ka hoʻopā ʻana i kou mau maka, ihu, a me ka waha me kou mau lima i ka hiki.
• E pale i ka launa pū ʻana me ka poʻe maʻi.
• E hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā ʻili i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia (nā ʻūpā puka, nā pākaukau, nā kelepona) a hoʻohana i ka disinfectant.

I mea e pale aku ai i ka maʻi MERS, ʻoiai mai nā kāmelo mai, e hana i kēia mau mea (no ka poʻe e hele ana i nā ʻāina e like me ka Hikina Waena):

• E holoi pono i kou mau lima ma hope o ka lawelawe ʻana i nā kāmelo. E pale i ka pili ʻana me nā kāmelo maʻi ma nā koina āpau.
• E pale i ka ʻai ʻana i ka waiū kāmelo i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻole ʻia a me ka ʻiʻo kāmelo i moʻa ʻole ʻia.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi maʻi mau loa (e like me ka maʻi diabetes, ka maʻi puʻuwai), a i ʻole kahi ʻōnaehana pale kino nāwaliwali, e pale i ka hele ʻana i nā wahi i loaʻa ai nā kāmelo a i ʻole e launa pū me nā kāmelo.

Pehea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke pale iā ʻoe iho i ka mālama ʻana i kahi mea me MERS?

Inā noho ʻoe me kahi mea me MERS a mālama paha iā ʻoe, paipai nā luna olakino e lawe i kēia mau hana palekana hou aʻe:

• E hōʻoia e komo i ka pale maka, ka ʻaʻahu, a me nā mīkina lima i ka wā e hoʻopā aku ai me nā wai o ke kino o kēlā kanaka (e like me ka mucus, ka lawai) a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea huna.
• E ʻaʻahu i nā mikina lima i ka holoi ʻana i nā kīʻaha, nā kāwele, nā mea moe, a me nā lole. E holoi ʻokoʻa iā lākou mai nā mea a haʻi. E holoi pono i kou mau lima ma hope o ka wehe ʻana i nā mikina lima.

He aha ka mea e hana inā kū mai ʻo MERS? (Prognosis)

Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe i hele i ka Arabian Peninsula, a inā paha ua hele ʻoe ma laila a ʻaʻole i pili pono me kahi mea i loaʻa nā hōʻailona, ​​​​ua haʻahaʻa loa kou manawa e loaʻa ai ka MERS. Mai hopohopo.

Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka MERS, aia ʻoe i ka pilikia kiʻekiʻe o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi, ʻoiai inā he mau pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe kāu, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua. E nānā pono kāu kauka iā ʻoe a hāʻawi i ka mālama kākoʻo e hoʻokele i kāu mau hōʻailona.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o MERS (kuni, ʻū, paʻakikī ke hanu) a manaʻo ʻoe ua loaʻa paha iā ʻoe ka maʻi MERS-CoV (e.g., ua huakaʻi koke aku nei i ka Hikina Waena, ua launa pū me kekahi mea i loaʻa, ua launa pū me nā kāmelo), pono ʻoe e ʻike koke i ke kauka.

Hiki i nā hōʻailona MERS ke koʻikoʻi loa a hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. No laila, inā e ʻoi aku ka ʻino o kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​e kāhea koke i kāu kauka a i ʻole e hele i ka haukapila.

Nā mea e pono ai kākou e hoʻomanaʻo mai kēia moʻolelo (Leka Lawe-Home)

ʻAe, no laila, aia kekahi mau mea e pono ai mākou e hoʻomanaʻo mai kēia moʻolelo lōʻihi:

• He maʻi hanu laha ʻole ka MERS akā hiki ke koʻikoʻi. He mea paʻakikī ke loaʻa me ka ʻole o ka hele ʻana i ka Arabian Peninsula a i ʻole ka launa pū ʻana me kekahi mea i hele ma laila a he mau hōʻailona koʻikoʻi.
• Inā ʻoe e hoʻolālā ana e kipa aku i ka ʻArabia Peninsula, e hōʻoia e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono i kou kino. E holoi pinepine i kou mau lima, e pale i ka hoʻopā ʻana i kou maka, a e makaʻala a puni nā kāmelo. E pale i ka waiū kāmelo maka a me ka ʻiʻo kāmelo i moʻa pono ʻole ʻia.
• Inā kānalua ʻoe he MERS kou, e kāhea koke aku i ke kauka. Hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua e pono ai a hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ke alakaʻi no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi a pale aku i kona laha ʻana i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.
• ʻO ka ʻike ka pale maikaʻi loa. ʻO ka ʻike e pili ana i kēia mau maʻi e kōkua iā mākou e pale iā mākou iho mai lākou.

No laila, ke lana nei koʻu manaʻo he mea pono kēia ʻike iā ʻoe. E noho olakino!

MERS , coronavirus, Middle East respiratory syndrome, maʻi hanu, nā kāmelo, virus, nā hōʻailona