He pilikia lohe anei kāu keiki liʻiliʻi? E aʻo kākou e pili ana i ka nalowale o ka lohe.

I kekahi manawa, manaʻo paha ʻoe ʻaʻole hoʻolohe nui kāu keiki liʻiliʻi i kāu kamaʻilio ʻana, a i ʻole ʻaʻole pane maikaʻi i nā leo. ʻOiai he mea maʻamau kēia, i kekahi manawa ʻo kekahi o nā kumu o kēia he hemahema o ka lohe. E kamaʻilio anei kākou e pili ana i kēia kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo `(Hearing Loss)`, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka nalowale o ka lohe, ma ke ʻano maʻalahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo? ʻAʻohe mea e makaʻu ai, ʻo ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka makaʻala.

He aha ke ʻano o ka nalowale o ka lohe?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he pilikia ko kahi keiki ʻōpiopio me ka nalowale o ka lohe, a i ʻole ka mea a mākou e kapa nei ma ke ʻano lapaʻau he "Loaʻa o ka Lohe," i ka lohe ʻana a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kekahi a i ʻole nā ​​​​leo āpau. Manaʻo lākou me he mea lā ua hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ka leo o ka lekiō. ʻEkolu mau kumu nui e hiki ai ke hana ʻia kēia:

• Nā pilikia me nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka pepeiao: He ʻōkana paʻakikī loa ko kākou pepeiao. Loaʻa iā ia nā ʻāpana i kapa ʻia ʻo ka pepeiao waho, ka pepeiao waena, a me ka pepeiao o loko. Inā he kīnā a i ʻole kahi paʻa i kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau ʻāpana, ʻaʻole paha e lohe pono ʻia ke kani.
• He pilikia me nā aʻalolo e lawe ana i ke kani i ka lolo: E hoʻomaopopo ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kani mai ka pepeiao, pono e lawe ʻia i ka lolo. Inā he nāwaliwali i loko o kēia mau aʻalolo e lawe ana i ke kani, ʻaʻole hele pono ke kani i ka lolo.
• He pilikia me ka ʻāpana o ka lolo e hoʻomaopopo ana i ke kani: ʻOiai ma hope o ka hiki ʻana o ke kani i ka lolo, aia kekahi ʻāpana kūikawā o ka lolo e hoʻomaopopo ana iā ia ma ke ʻano he "leo kēia o māmā," "he mele kēia." Inā he nāwaliwali ma ia ʻāpana, ʻoiai inā lohe ʻoe i ke kani, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo i ke ʻano o ia mea.

He aha nā ʻano o ka nalowale o ka lohe?

Hiki ke loaʻa ka nalowale o ka lohe ma nā ʻano he nui. E nānā kākou i kekahi o nā ʻano nui.

Pohō lohe alakaʻi

ʻO ka mea e hana ʻia ma kēia hihia, aia kekahi mea e ālai ana i ke kani mai ka hiki ʻana aku i ka pepeiao. E noʻonoʻo, inā e paʻa kekahi mea i loko o ka paipu wai o kou hale, ʻaʻole e puka mai ka wai.

• Aia kekahi mea i hewa me nā iwi liʻiliʻi ma ka pepeiao waena (ʻo kēia nā mea e hoʻoluliluli i ke kani a hoʻouna i loko).
• Ua piha ka pepeiao i ka nui o nā mea e like me ka waki (kapa mākou ia he waki pepeiao).
• A i ʻole, hiki i nā mea e like me nā maʻi pepeiao pinepine ke hoʻōki i kēia ʻano walaʻau.

Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo "Conductive hearing loss." Hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia kēia ʻano lohe me ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole ke ʻoki kino liʻiliʻi.

Ka nalowale o ka lohe sensorineural (SNHL)

He ʻano ʻokoʻa iki kēia. ʻO ka mea e hana ʻia ma ʻaneʻi, aia ka hōʻino ʻia ʻana o ka ʻāpana koʻikoʻi loa o ka pepeiao o loko i kapa ʻia ʻo cochlea (he ʻāpana ʻano pūpū nahe kēia), a i ʻole nā ​​aʻalolo e lawe ana i ke kani i ka lolo.

• Hiki i kēia `(Sensorineural hearing loss)` a i ʻole `(SNHL)` i kekahi manawa ke lilo i mea hoʻoilina (ʻo ia hoʻi, ua loaʻa i kou makuahine, makuakāne, kupuna wahine, a kupuna kāne paha).
• A i ʻole he ʻāpana paha ia o kekahi maʻi genetic.
• Eia kekahi, hiki i kekahi mau maʻi (no ka laʻana, kekahi mau maʻi i loaʻa i ka makuahine i ka wā hāpai) a me kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ikaika ke hōʻino i ka pepeiao o loko a i ʻole nā ​​​​aʻalolo. ʻO kēia ʻano nāwaliwali he mau loa ia.

Pohō lohe hui ʻia

I kēia hihia, hiki ke hana pū ʻia nā kumu "Conductive" a me "Sensorineural" i ʻōlelo mua ʻia. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, aia kahi keʻakeʻa i ke kani e komo ana i ka pepeiao, a aia kekahi pilikia me ka pepeiao o loko a i ʻole nā ​​aʻalolo.

Poho lohe waena

I kēia hihia, ʻaʻole ka pilikia ma ka pepeiao, akā pololei ma ka lolo. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻo ka "pohō lohe waena" ke hana ʻia ke hōʻino ʻia kekahi mea ma ka ʻāpana o ka lolo e kaohi a hoʻomaopopo i ke kani. He mea laha ʻole kēia.

Ka maʻi hana hoʻolohe (APD)

He mea kūikawā loa kēia. ʻAʻole hana pono nā pepeiao a me ka lolo o nā keiki me ka `(Auditory Processing Disorder)` a i ʻole `(APD)`. Hiki iā lākou ke lohe maʻamau (ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻike i kekahi pilikia ma nā hoʻokolohua lohe), akā he paʻakikī i ko lākou lolo ke ʻike a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā leo, ʻoiai ke kamaʻilio ʻana. Me he mea lā ua hoʻopilikia ʻia ka hōʻailona lekiō a ua haki ke kani, a i ʻole ʻaʻole maopopo nā huaʻōlelo i loko o ke kani.

He aha nā kumu o ka nalowale o ka lohe?

Nui nā kumu e hiki ai ke loaʻa ka nalowale o ka lohe. Akā i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa ke kumu pololei. Eia naʻe, inā loaʻa kēia mau mea, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka nalowale o ka lohe i kahi keiki ʻōpio:

• ʻO ka hānau ʻia ʻana me kahi kīnā o ka lohe, a i ʻole he lālā o ka ʻohana (makuahine, makuakāne, mau kaikaina) i loaʻa ka hemahema o ka lohe i ka wā ʻōpiopio.
• Ua hānau mua ʻia ke pēpē (kapa mākou he preterm) a/a i ʻole ua loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) .
• Hoʻomaka ka jaundice i ka wā hānau hou, a piʻi ka nui o ka bilirubin i loko o ke koko a hiki i kahi e pono ai ke hoʻoili koko.
• ʻO nā maʻi pepeiao pinepine, nā pahu pepeiao haki, a i ʻole ka ʻike ʻia ʻana i nā leo nui. No ka laʻana, ʻae kekahi mau mākua i kā lākou mau keiki liʻiliʻi e hoʻolohe i nā mele nui me nā headphone a hāʻawi paha iā lākou i nā mea pāʻani nui. Hiki i kēia mau mea ke hōʻino i nā pepeiao palupalu o ke keiki.
• Ua ulu aʻe nā maʻi e like me ka meningitis (kahi ʻano maʻi lolo) a i ʻole cytomegalovirus (kahi ʻano maʻi viral) .
• ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki ke hōʻino i ka lohe (ua kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he 'nā lāʻau ototoxic') he palekana no ka makuahine e lawe i ka wā hāpai, a palekana hoʻi no ka pēpē e hāʻawi. (Ma ke ʻano maʻamau, akahele loa nā kauka i ka hāʻawi ʻana i kēia mau mea, akā i kekahi mau hihia koʻikoʻi, pono e hāʻawi ʻia).

He aha nā hōʻailona o kēia? Pehea ʻoe e ʻike ai?

I kekahi manawa, he mea paʻakikī ke ʻike inā he nalowale ka lohe o ke keiki, ʻoiai hoʻi nā keiki liʻiliʻi loa. ʻAʻole paha lākou e hiki ke ʻōlelo, "ʻAʻole hiki iaʻu ke lohe." ʻAʻole paha e pane maikaʻi nā keiki me kēia ʻano nalowale o ka lohe i nā leo a i ʻole ka ʻōlelo. Hiki ke lohi ko lākou ulu ʻana o ka ʻōlelo (ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻōlelo). Inā ʻaʻole pane maikaʻi kāu keiki i kēia mau mea i ka makahiki mua o ke ola, pono ʻoe e kamaʻilio me ke kauka:

Nā pēpē hānau hou (0-3 mahina):

• ʻO ka reflex pūʻiwa (kapa mākou i kēia ʻo ka 'reflex pūʻiwa') ke lohe koke ʻoe i kahi walaʻau nui.
• Ke mālie nei a me ka oki ʻana o ka uē ʻana i ka lohe ʻana i ka leo o Māmā a me Pāpā (ma kahi o 3 mahina).

Ma kahi o 4-6 mahina:

• Ke hoʻohuli ʻana i kou mau maka a i ʻole kou poʻo i ke kuhikuhi o kahi leo hou.
• Ke hōʻike nei i ka makemake i nā mea pāʻani e hoʻokumu i ka walaʻau.
• ʻO ke kani ʻana o nā leo e like me "Uh...", "Ah...", "Guh...", me he mea lā e kamaʻilio ana ʻoe iā ʻoe iho.

Ma 7-12 mahina (hoʻokahi makahiki):

• Ke hana ʻana i nā leo like ʻole i kūpono ʻole (kapa mākou i kēia mau 'leo babbling', e like me "ʻo wau iho", "bababa").
• Ke pane ʻana i kona inoa (e huli ana i hope ke ʻōlelo ʻia kona inoa).
• Ke ho'āʻo nei e hoʻomaopopo i nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi maʻalahi e like me "ta ta" a me "e nānā inā e hele mai ana ʻo mama."
• Ke hoʻohālike nei i nā huaʻōlelo.
• ʻO ka ʻōlelo ʻana i kekahi mau huaʻōlelo maʻalahi e like me "Māmā", "Pāpā", a me "Bye-Bye".

I ka ulu ʻana o ke keiki (ma hope o 1 makahiki), hiki i nā hōʻailona o ka nalowale o ka lohe ke komo pū me:

• ʻŌlelo kaupalena ʻia, ʻōlelo palahalaha, a i ʻole ka ʻōlelo ʻole ʻana ma ke ʻano kūpono i ka makahiki.
• Ke ʻano nei ʻaʻole e hoʻolohe i ka mea e ʻōlelo ʻia nei, ʻaʻole e hahai i nā kuhikuhi (i kekahi manawa manaʻo mākou e hana ana ke keiki i kēia "no ka huhū", akā hiki nō paha no ka mea ʻaʻole ʻo ia e hoʻolohe ana).
• ʻAʻole pane mai ke kamaʻilio ʻia me ka leo maʻamau, a i ʻole e nīnau pinepine ana "Huh?" "He aha?", a i ʻole e hāʻawi ana i nā pane kūpono ʻole.
• Ke nui ka walaʻau a puni ʻoe (e.g., ma kahi piha kanaka, me ke TV e kau ana), he mea maʻalahi ke hoʻohuli ʻia, hoʻomaha ʻole, a paʻakikī ke hoʻomaopopo i ka mea e ʻōlelo ʻia nei.
• Pono e hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ka leo ma ke TV a i ʻole ke lekiō e nānā/hoʻolohe.
• Ke pilikia nei me nā haʻawina kula a me ke aʻo ʻana.
• Ke pane wale nei i kekahi mau leo ​​(e.g., ka lohe ʻana i nā leo kiʻekiʻe akā ʻaʻole i nā leo haʻahaʻa).

He mea nui: Hiki i kekahi mau pilikia lohe ke ulu mālie ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, a i ʻole hiki iā lākou ke ulu ma hope o ke ola (e.g. ma hope o ka maʻi a i ʻole ka ʻeha poʻo). Inā he mau hopohopo kou e pili ana i ka lohe ʻana o kāu keiki, e kamaʻilio me ke kauka. Pono paha kāu keiki e kuhikuhi ʻia i kahi loea lohe , he kauka loea i ka lohe.

Pehea ʻoe e ʻike ai i ka nalowale o ka lohe?

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻike ʻana i nā pilikia lohe i ka wā hikiwawe loa. No ka mea, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻomaka ʻia ma mua o ka piha ʻana o ke keiki i 6 mahina. ʻO ia ka manawa e ulu wikiwiki ai ka lolo o ke keiki e aʻo i ka ʻōlelo.

• Nānā Lohe no nā Pēpē Hānau Hou: ʻO ia ke kumu e hana ʻia ai kahi hoʻāʻo loiloi lohe no nā pēpē hānau hou ma mua o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka haukapila. He hoʻāʻo ʻeha ʻole kēia no ka pēpē a hiki ke hana ʻia i loko o kekahi mau minuke.
• Inā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo ʻia kāu pēpē ma mua o ka hoʻi ʻana i ka home, a inā paha i hānau ʻia kāu pēpē ma ka home a i ʻole ma kahi kikowaena hānau, pono ʻoe e hoʻāʻo ʻia ka lohe o kāu pēpē i loko o nā pule 3 mua o ka hānau ʻana.
• ʻO ka "hāʻule/kuhikuhi" ma kēia hoʻāʻo lohe ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo he kuli ke pēpē. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi, pono e hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua audiology diagnostic hou aʻe i ka wā hikiwawe loa, maʻamau i loko o hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mahina o ka hānau ʻana. Inā ʻike ʻia kahi nalowale o ka lohe, hiki ke hoʻomaka koke ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
• ʻOiai nā keiki me ka lohe maʻamau, pono e nānā pinepine ʻia ko lākou lohe i ka wā o kā lākou nānā lapaʻau maʻamau (ma ke keʻena lapaʻau). Hana pinepine ʻia kēia mau hoʻokolohua lohe i ka makahiki 4, 5, 6, 8, a me 10, a i ka wā ʻōpio a me ka wā makua. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua lohe i kēlā me kēia manawa inā manaʻo ke kauka he hewa kekahi mea.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai kēia?

Aia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke ʻano o ka nalowale o ka lohe, kona kumu, a me kona koʻikoʻi. Pono e ʻike ʻia nā keiki me ka nalowale mau o ka lohe e kahi hui o nā loea. Hiki i kēia hui ke komo pū me kahi loea lohe (loea lohe), kahi kauka pepeiao, ihu, a me ka puʻu (kauka ENT), kahi mea lapaʻau ʻōlelo-ʻōlelo, a malia paha he loea hoʻonaʻauao.

Hiki ke kōkua ʻia nā keiki me kekahi ʻano pohō lohe me nā lāʻau lapaʻau (e laʻa, lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi pepeiao), nā hoʻōla, a me nā ʻoki kino (e laʻa, ke hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi ʻōmole liʻiliʻi e hoʻokahe i ka wai mai ka pepeiao). Aia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau nui no ka pohō lohe mau loa:

• Nā mea kōkua hoʻolohe: Hoʻonui a hoʻomālamalama kēia i nā leo i hiki i kāu keiki ke lohe. Ua like lākou me nā microphone liʻiliʻi a koʻikoʻi loa e kūpono i kou pepeiao. Inā hoʻomaka kahi pēpē me ka nalowale o ka lohe mau e hoʻohana i nā mea kōkua hoʻolohe ma mua o 6 mahina, e hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻia kā lākou ʻōlelo a me ka ulu ʻana o ka lolo. ʻAʻohe ʻano hoʻokahi a mea hana paha i kūpono no kēlā me kēia keiki. Hiki i kāu loea lohe ke kōkua iā ʻoe e koho i ke kōkua hoʻolohe maikaʻi loa no nā pono o kāu keiki a me ka nui o ka pepeiao. Hoʻohana ka nui o nā keiki me ka nalowale o ka lohe ma nā pepeiao ʻelua i ʻelua mau mea kōkua hoʻolohe.

• Nā ʻōnaehana modulation alapine (FM):Hoʻemi kēia ʻōnaehana "(FM)" i ka walaʻau hope a puni ke keiki, e ʻae ana i ke keiki e lohe wale i ka leo o ka mea e ʻōlelo ana (e.g. kumu, makuahine) me ka maopopo a me ka leo nui. E noʻonoʻo i kahi papa kula. Ke kau nei ke kumu i kahi microphone liʻiliʻi a me kahi "mea hoʻoili". Hoʻouna kēia mea hoʻoili i kahi hōʻailona uila i kahi "mea hoʻokipa uea ʻole" a ke keiki e kau ai i loko o ko lākou pepeiao a i ʻole e hoʻopili pololei ʻia i ke kōkua hoʻolohe. No ka mea hiki ke lawe ʻia a puni, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ka home, ma ke kula, a i ʻole ma nā wahi i nui ai ka walaʻau a puni.

• Nā mea hoʻokomo Cochlear: Hiki i nā mea hoʻokomo Cochlear ke kōkua nui i nā keiki me ka pohō lohe koʻikoʻi a koʻikoʻi ʻaʻole hiki ke pōmaikaʻi mai nā mea kōkua lohe. He mau mea uila akamai kēia i hoʻokomo ʻia ma ke ʻoki ʻana i loko o ka pepeiao. Ke kāpae nei lākou i nā ʻāpana o ka pepeiao i hana pono ʻole a hoʻoulu pololei i ke aʻalolo auditory. Ke hoʻokomo ʻia, me ke aʻo kūikawā a me ka hoʻōla ʻōlelo, hiki i nā keiki me kahi mea hoʻokomo cochlear ke aʻo e lohe maikaʻi a ʻōlelo maopopo.

• Hoʻoponopono/hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i ka lohe: ʻO kēia ke kaʻina hana o ke aʻo ʻana i nā keiki i hānau ʻia me ka nalowale o ka lohe e hoʻolohe a kamaʻilio. Hiki i kēia ke komo pū me nā mea e like me ka Auditory-Verbal Therapy (AVT) , ka hoʻoponopono ʻōlelo, ka heluhelu ʻōlelo/lehelehe, a i ʻole, inā pono, ke aʻo ʻana i ka ʻōlelo lima (e like me ka ʻŌlelo Lima ʻAmelika (ASL) a i ʻole nā ​​ʻōlelo lima kūloko). E hana pū kāu loea pepeiao a me ke kauka me ʻoe e kōkua i kāu keiki e ʻike i ke ala maikaʻi loa e kamaʻilio ai. ʻO nā keiki makua i nalowale ko lākou lohe e aʻo i kēia mau mākau kamaʻilio ma o ke kaʻina hana i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i ka lohe.

He aha hou aʻe kaʻu e pono ai e ʻike?

ʻOiai kahi liʻiliʻi loa, ʻo ia hoʻi, he palupalu, ka nalowale o ka lohe hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka ʻōlelo a ke keiki, ka ʻōlelo, ke aʻo ʻana, a me nā mākau pilikanaka. ʻO ia ke kumu i ʻōlelo ʻia ai e kuhikuhi ʻia nā pēpē a me nā keiki liʻiliʻi me ka nalowale o ka lohe i kahi lawelawe i kapa ʻia ʻo "early intervention." He papahana kēia e hāʻawi ana i nā lawelawe lapaʻau manuahi a haʻahaʻa paha ke kumukūʻai i nā keiki kūpono. Ma Sri Lanka, hoʻokō ʻia kēlā mau lawelawe ma o ke Kuhina Ola a me nā hui aupuni ʻole like ʻole. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike e pili ana i ia mea ma ke noi ʻana i kāu luna lawelawe olakino ʻohana kūloko a kauka paha. Hiki i nā keiki makua ke kūpono no nā "lawelawe hoʻonaʻauao kūikawā" ke hele lākou i ke kula.

E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻole ʻoe hoʻokahi.Aia nā wahi e loaʻa ai ke kōkua a me ka ʻike ke kū nei ʻoe i kahi kūlana e like me kēia. E nīnau i kāu kauka, loea pepeiao, a i ʻole nā ​​​​poʻe ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ia mea. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka ikaika a me ka ʻike nui ma ke komo ʻana i nā hui kākoʻo i hoʻokumu ʻia me nā mākua ʻē aʻe o nā keiki me kēia maʻi.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai

ʻAe, no laila ke lana nei koʻu manaʻo e hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomanaʻo i kekahi o nā mea nui loa mai nā mea a mākou i kamaʻilio ai i kēia lā.

• He mea nui loa ka ʻike mua ʻana: Mai poina i ka hoʻāʻo lohe a kāu pēpē e loaʻa ai ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. Inā he kānalua kou, ʻoiai inā he liʻiliʻi lākou, e ʻike koke i ke kauka. Mai hoʻokaʻulua.
• ʻAʻole like nā pohō lohe a pau: aia nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā kumu like ʻole. ʻO ka ʻike pono ʻana i ke kumu o ka pilikia he mea nui ia no ka mālama ʻana.
• Aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau: Ua holomua loa ka ʻenehana i kēia mau lā. Nui nā mea e hiki ke kōkua i kahi keiki, e like me nā mea kōkua lohe, nā mea hoʻokomo cochlear, a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā.
• Hiki i ke komo mua ʻana ke hana i kahi ʻokoʻa nui: kōkua ia i ka ʻōlelo a ke keiki, ke aʻo ʻana, a me nā pilina pili kanaka. Hoʻomākaukau ia i ke ala no ke keiki e ola i kahi ola maʻamau e like me nā keiki ʻē aʻe.
• ʻAʻole ʻoe hoʻokahi: aia nā kauka, nā loea, a me nā hui kākoʻo e kōkua a alakaʻi iā ʻoe ma kēia huakaʻi. E kiʻi i kā lākou kōkua.

He hoʻopukapuka kālā nui ka mālama ʻana i ka lohe o kāu keiki i ko lākou wā e hiki mai ana. No laila, he mea nui loa ia e ʻike i kēia a hana i nā hana e pono ai. Inā he mau nīnau hou kāu e pili ana i kēia, mai makaʻu e nīnau i kāu kauka.

Poho lohe, lohe, nā keiki ʻōpio, nānā lohe pēpē, nā mea kōkua lohe, nā mea hoʻokomo cochlear, ka hoʻōla ʻōlelo