Inā he anu kou a i ʻole kekahi maʻi ʻē aʻe, e noi pinepine kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hana i kahi hoʻāʻo koko, ʻeā? Hana pinepine mākou i ka helu koko piha (FBC). Hāʻawi kēia i kahi manaʻo maikaʻi o ka helu o nā cell i loko o kou koko. Akā i kekahi manawa, makemake paha kāu kauka e nānā pono i kāu mau cell koko, e like me kahi mākaʻi ma lalo o kahi microscope, e ʻike pono i ke ʻano, ka nui, a me ke kala o kēlā mau cell. ʻO ia ke kumu e kapa ai mākou i ka hoʻāʻo kūikawā no kēlā he Peripheral Blood Smear (PBS) a i ʻole "hoʻāʻo kiʻi koko."
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha kēia hoʻāʻo kiʻi koko (PBS)?
ʻO ka Peripheral Blood Smear (PBS) kahi hoʻokolohua e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana i kahi kulu o kou koko, e hohola iā ia ma ke ʻano he ʻili lahilahi ma luna o kahi slide aniani, e hoʻoluʻu iā ia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā dyes kūikawā, a laila e nānā iā ia ma lalo o kahi microscope.
ʻO ka mea kūikawā e pili ana i kēia, ma kahi o ka mīkini e hāʻawi ana i kahi hōʻike e like me kekahi mau hoʻokolohua koko, ua nānā ʻia kēia e kahi Medical Laboratory Technologist (MLT) a i ʻole Pathologist i aʻo ʻia. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ua nānā ʻia kēlā me kēia kikoʻī liʻiliʻi o kāu mau hunaola koko me ka maka kanaka . ʻOiai nā loli liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻano ʻē o nā hunaola i hiki ʻole i ka mīkini ke ʻohi hiki ke ʻike maʻalahi ʻia e ka maka akamai.
No ke aha e haʻi aku ai ke kauka iā ʻoe e hana i kēia hoʻokolohua PBS?
Aia paha kekahi mau kumu e makemake ai ʻoe e lawe i kēia hoʻokolohua.
E noʻonoʻo e hōʻike ana kāu hōʻike helu koko piha (FBC) ua haʻahaʻa loa a kiʻekiʻe loa paha kāu helu koko ʻulaʻula, koko keʻokeʻo, a i ʻole ka helu platelet ma mua o ka maʻamau. Makemake kāu kauka e ʻike, "No ke aha kēia e hana nei?"
Ua like ka hōʻike FBC me ka uhi o kahi puke. Hāʻawi ia iā ʻoe i kekahi ʻike kumu e like me ke poʻo inoa o ka puke a me ka mea kākau. Akā, no ka ʻike maoli ʻana i ka moʻolelo i loko o ka puke, pono ʻoe e huli i nā ʻaoʻao a heluhelu, ʻeā? Pēlā ke ʻano o PBS. Hoʻohana ʻo PBS i nā hōʻailona i hāʻawi ʻia e ka FBC e ʻike pono i ke ʻano o ka 'moʻolelo i loko' o nā hunaola koko.
Eia kekahi, e noi ʻia paha ʻoe e hana i kēia hoʻokolohua no kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe:
- Nā hōʻailona i wehewehe ʻole ʻia: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me ka luhi mau, nā kuni pinepine, a me nā palapū i wehewehe ʻole ʻia, hiki i kēia hoʻāʻo ke kōkua i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kumu.
- E nānā i ka holomua o ka lāʻau lapaʻau: Inā ʻoe e mālama ʻia nei no kahi maʻi e pili ana i ke koko, e hana ʻia kahi hoʻāʻo PBS e ʻike ai inā ua holomua ka lāʻau lapaʻau a inā e hoʻi ana kāu mau hunaola koko i ka maʻamau.
- Ma mua o ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka iwi iwi:Hoʻohana ʻia nō hoʻi ia e aʻo hou e pili ana i ke kūlana o kou mau hunaola koko a me ka iwi iwi ma mua o kahi mea e like me ke kāpili ʻana o nā hunaola kumu.
He aha ka mea e hiki ai i kēia hoʻokolohua ke haʻi mai iā mākou e pili ana i ko mākou koko?
I mea e maopopo ai i ka mea e nānā ʻia ana e ka hoʻāʻo PBS, e hoʻomanaʻo mua kākou iā kākou iho i nā ʻano nui ʻekolu i loko o ko kākou koko.
| ʻAno o ke koko | He maʻalahi kāu hana. |
|---|---|
| Nā Kelepona Koko ʻUlaʻula | ʻO kēia ka 'lawelawe lawe' e lawe ana i ka oxygen ma o ko kākou kino. Lawe lākou i ka oxygen mai nā māmā a hāʻawi iā ia i kēlā me kēia cell. |
| Nā Kelepona Koko Keʻokeʻo | ʻO kēia ka 'pūʻali koa' i loko o ko kākou kino. Mālama ia iā kākou ma ke kaua ʻana i nā germs (bacteria, viruses) e hoʻoulu ai i nā maʻi. Aia he 5 ʻano o kēia poʻe. |
| Nā Platelets | E like me ka 'plaster'. Ke ʻeha mākou, ʻo kēia ka poʻe e hoʻōki i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko a kōkua i ke kāpili ʻana o ke koko. |
Ma kahi hoʻāʻo PBS, nānā pono ka microscope i nā ʻano ʻekolu o nā cell. Ke nānā nui nei lākou i:
- Nā loli i ka nui a me ke ʻano o nā cell: No ka laʻana, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ke ʻano o nā cell koko ʻulaʻula, e like me ke ʻano o ka sickle a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka target. Hiki i kēia mau loli ke hāʻawi i nā hōʻailona e pili ana i nā maʻi koko like ʻole.
- Nā loli i ka helu o nā cell: E like me ka FBC, nānā pū kēia i ka helu o nā cell. I ka manawa like, nānā ia inā he "olakino" a "ʻano ʻē paha ke ʻano o nā cell.
- Nā ʻokoʻa o nā ʻano hunaola koko keʻokeʻo: Aia he 5 ʻano hunaola koko keʻokeʻo. Nānā pono ʻia ka nui o kēlā me kēia ʻano, inā he mau ʻano ʻē i ko lākou helehelena, a inā he mau hunaola ʻōpiopio (pahū).
- Nā Parasites i loko o ke koko:I kekahi manawa, ʻike ʻia nā parasites e hoʻoulu ai i nā maʻi e like me ka malaria i loko o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. He hoʻāʻo koʻikoʻi loa ka hoʻāʻo PBS no ka ʻike ʻana i ka malaria.
He aha nā maʻi e hiki i ka hoʻāʻo PBS ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana?
He mea hana ikaika loa kēia hoʻāʻo i hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi pili i ke koko.
Leukemia - Ka maʻi ʻaʻai koko
ʻO ko kākou iwi iwi ko kākou 'hale hana koko'. Ke hoʻomaka ka nui o nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo ʻē aʻe e hana i loko o kēia hale hana, hoʻokuke lākou i nā hunaola olakino. Hiki ke ʻike maopopo ʻia kēia mau hunaola kanesa ʻōpiopio ʻole (pahū) i kahi hoʻāʻo PBS.
Anemia
ʻO ka anemia ka wā ʻaʻole lawa nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula olakino i ke kino. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia no nā kumu he nui. I nā kūlana e like me ka nele i ka hao, ka nele o ka huaora B12, a i ʻole thalassemia, loli ke ʻano a me ka nui o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. Hiki ke ʻike maʻalahi ʻia kēia mau loli me kahi PBS a hiki ke hāʻawi i ke alakaʻi no ka ʻike ʻana i ke kumu o ka anemia.
ʻO ka maʻi Myelodysplastic
He maʻi ʻaʻai nō hoʻi kēia o ka iwi iwi. I kēia hihia, ʻaʻole hiki i ka iwi iwi ke hana i nā hunaola koko olakino a oʻo (ʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo, a i ʻole nā platelets). ʻIke ʻia kēia mau hunaola i ke ʻano ʻē a me ke ʻano ʻē i loko o ka PBS.
Lymphoma - ke kanesa o nā lymph nodes
He maʻi kanesa kēia e ulu ana i loko o kā mākou ʻōnaehana lymphatic. I kekahi manawa hiki i kēia mau hunaola kanesa ke komo i loko o ke koko. Inā hana ʻia kēlā, hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēlā mau hunaola lymphoma maʻamau ʻole me ka hoʻāʻo PBS.
Nā maʻi a me nā maʻi Autoimmune
Ke loaʻa kekahi mea i loko o ke kino e like me ka maʻi bacteria, hoʻonui ʻia kekahi ʻano o nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo (neutrophils) e hakakā nei, a hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā loli i ko lākou helehelena (nā loli ʻawahia). Pēlā nō, i nā maʻi viral e like me ka dengue, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā loli i kekahi mau ʻano o nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo (lymphocytes). I nā maʻi autoimmune (nā maʻi e hoʻouka ai ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino i ko mākou kino ponoʻī), hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka emi ʻana o ka helu o nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo a i ʻole nā loli ʻē aʻe.
Malaria
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka maʻi malaria e kahi parasite e komo i loko o ko kākou koko mai kahi makika. Noho kēia parasite i loko o ko kākou mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. Ke nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope i loko o kahi hoʻāʻo PBS, hiki ke ʻike maopopo ʻia kēia mau parasite i loko o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. No laila, he hoʻāʻo koʻikoʻi kēia no ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi malaria.
Pehea e hana ʻia ai kēia hoʻāʻo? He ʻeha anei?
ʻAʻohe mea e makaʻu ai e pili ana i kēia. He mea maʻalahi loa ia.
1. E like me ka hoʻāʻo koko maʻamau, lawe ʻia kahi hāpana koko liʻiliʻi mai kahi aa koko ma kou lima.
2. A laila, kau ʻia kahi kulu koko ma luna o kahi paheʻe aniani, a hoʻohana ʻia kekahi paheʻe ʻē aʻe e hohola iā ia ma ke ʻano he ʻili lahilahi.
3. Ma hope o ka maloʻo ʻana, ua hoʻoluʻu ʻia me nā pigments kūikawā a nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope.
E ʻike wale ʻoe i kahi ʻeha iki mai ke kui. Ma waho aʻe o kēlā, ʻaʻohe ʻeha ʻē aʻe e pili ana me kēia hoʻāʻo.
He aha kā mākou e hoʻomaopopo ai mai ka ʻike ma ka hōʻike?
ʻO kēia ka mea nui loa. Ke loaʻa iā ʻoe kāu hōʻike PBS, mai hopohopo i nā huaʻōlelo ma luna. ʻAʻole kahi hōʻike Peripheral Blood Smear he hōʻailona hope loa.
Ua like kēia me hoʻokahi ʻāpana o ka puzzle. No ka ʻike ʻana i ke kiʻi holoʻokoʻa, pono ʻoe e hoʻohui i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe, e like me nā mea a ke kauka i ʻike ai e pili ana iā ʻoe, kou mau hōʻailona, a me kāu hōʻike FBC.
Kōkua ka hōʻike PBS i ke kauka e noʻonoʻo hou aku, e hōʻoia i kāna mau kānalua, a i ʻole e hoʻoholo i nā hoʻokolohua e hana ai ma hope.
No laila, mai makaʻu e Google i nā huaʻōlelo i loko o ka hōʻike a ʻike i ka mea e puka mai ana . Hiki i ka huaʻōlelo hoʻokahi ke loaʻa nā manaʻo like ʻole i nā maʻi he nui. ʻO ke kauka wale nō e mālama iā ʻoe ke ʻike pehea e kūpono ai i kou kūlana. No laila e lawe i ka hōʻike, e hālāwai me kāu kauka a kamaʻilio e pili ana. E wehewehe pono ʻo ia i nā mea āpau iā ʻoe.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO ka Peripheral Blood Smear (PBS) kahi hoʻokolohua kikoʻī e nānā ana i ke ʻano, ka nui, a me ke ʻano o kāu mau hunaola koko (ʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo, a me nā platelets) ma lalo o kahi microscope.
- Hana pinepine ʻia kēia e noiʻi i ke kumu o kahi mea ʻē i loko o kahi hōʻike FBC.
- He mea nui loa kēia hoʻāʻo no ka ʻike ʻana i ka anemia, ke kanesa koko, nā maʻi like ʻole (e like me ka malaria), a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe he nui.
- ʻAʻole ka hōʻike PBS he hōʻailona hope loa. He ʻāpana hōʻike wale nō ia e kōkua ana i ke kauka e hana i kahi hōʻailona.
- ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa a ʻo ke ala wale nō e hoʻomaopopo ai i nā hopena o kāu hōʻike, ʻo ia ke kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ia mea. Mai lele koke i nā hopena ma muli o ka ʻike ma ka pūnaewele.
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