E aʻo kākou e pili ana i ke koa liʻiliʻi i loko o ko kākou lolo: ʻo ka Posterior Pituitary Gland!

Ua like ko kākou kino me kahi mīkini kupaianaha a paʻakikī hoʻi, ʻeā? Ua ʻike kākou a pau ua hoʻomalu ʻia nā mea a pau o kēia mīkini e ko kākou lolo. Akā, ua ʻike anei ʻoe i loko o kou lolo, aia kahi gland liʻiliʻi e like me ka iwi liʻiliʻi, kahi e hoʻokuʻu ai i nā hormones koʻikoʻi loa e hoʻomalu i ka nui o ka wai i loko o kou kino, e hoʻoulu ai i ka ʻōpū e ʻūlū i ka wā hānau, a hana i kēlā pilina kupaianaha ma waena o ka makuahine a me ke keiki? ʻO ia ka mea a kākou e kamaʻilio ai i kēia lā. Kāhea mākou i kēia ʻo ka Pituitary Gland. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kikoʻī mākou e pili ana i kahi ʻāpana kūikawā o ia mea, ʻo ka Posterior Pituitary.

ʻO ka mea mua, e nānā kākou, he aha ka pituitary gland?

E noʻonoʻo he ʻoihana nui kou kino. A laila ʻo ka CEO o kēlā ʻoihana ka ʻāpana o ka lolo i kapa ʻia ʻo hypothalamus. Ma lalo o kēia CEO he luna hoʻokele nui. ʻO ia ka pituitary gland. He mea nui loa kēia luna, no ka mea, ke kāohi nei ia i ka hana o nā glands ʻē aʻe he nui i loko o ke kino.

Aia kēia ʻōpū pituitary ma lalo o kou lolo, ma hope o kou ihu, ma kahi palekana loa. Ua māhele ʻia i ʻelua ʻāpana. E like me ke keʻena hoʻokipa mua ma ke keʻena a me ke keʻena hope.

1. Pituitary mua: ʻO kēia ka ʻāpana nui loa a paʻahana loa. Hoʻopuka a hoʻokuʻu ia i nā hormones he nui e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana o ke kino, ka hana thyroid, a me ka hana moekolohe.

2. Posterior Pituitary: ʻO kēia kā mākou protagonist. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka anterior pituitary. ʻAʻole ia e hana i nā hormones, akā mālama i ʻelua hormones kūikawā i hana ʻia a hoʻouna ʻia e ka hypothalamus, a hoʻokuʻu iā lākou i loko o ke koko ke pono.

ʻO ka ʻōnaehana e komo pū ana me nā kelepa āpau e hana ana i nā hormones, me ke kelepa pituitary, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ka ʻōnaehana endocrine . ʻO kēia ka pūnaewele e hoʻololi i nā leka kemika i loko o ke kino.

No laila he aha kēlā mau hormones kūikawā ʻelua i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka Posterior Pituitary?

E like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ua like ka Posterior Pituitary me kahi hale kūʻai. Aia ʻelua mau "waiwai" waiwai nui i mālama ʻia ma ʻaneʻi. He mau hormones ʻelua. Hana ʻia kēia mau mea ʻelua e ka Hypothalamus. Ke hele mai kahi leka mai laila mai ma o nā aʻalolo, hoʻokuʻu ka Posterior Pituitary i kēia mau hormones i loko o ke koko.

Eia kahi wehewehe maʻalahi no kēia mau hormones ʻelua a me kā lāua hana.

E noʻonoʻo i kahi manawa āu e hou nui ai a make wai. I kēlā manawa, mānoanoa iki kou koko. Hoʻomaopopo ka hypothalamus i loko o ka lolo i kēia a hoʻouna i kahi hōʻailona i ka Posterior Pituitary, e ʻōlelo ana, "ʻAe, e hoʻokomo i kekahi ADH i loko o ke koko." A laila hele ʻo ADH a haʻi aku i nā puʻupaʻa, "E hoʻohana iki i ka wai, mai hana nui i ka mimi." ʻO ia ka manawa e emi ai ka nui o ka mimi āu e hoʻokuʻu ai, a lilo kona kala i ʻeleʻele. Ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi ʻia ʻoe, hana ʻia ka mea ʻē aʻe. E emi ana nā pae ADH, a hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka wai keu ma ke ʻano he mimi. ʻAʻole anei he kaohi kupaianaha?

He aha nā maʻi e pili pū ana me ka Posterior Pituitary?

Ma keʻano laulā, he mea kākaʻikahi nā maʻi nui e pili ana i kēia gland. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi manawa, hiki ke kū mai kekahi mau pilikia ma muli o ka nui o ka huna ʻana (hypersecretion) a i ʻole ka lawa ʻole o ka huna ʻana (hyposecretion) o kēia mau hormones ADH a me oxytocin.

1. Ka hoʻokahe ʻole ʻana o ADH

Inā emi ka hana ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ke kino i ka hormone ADH, nalowale nā ​​puʻupaʻa i ka hōʻailona e omo hou i ka wai a lākou e pono ai. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, aneane pau ka wai āu e inu ai i loko o kāu mimi. Ua kapa ʻia kēia maʻi ʻo Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI) .

Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia kūlana e ka hōʻino ʻia ʻana o ka hypothalamus a i ʻole ka pituitary gland. I kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa ke kumu.

Nā hōʻailona nui:

• Ka mimi nui ʻana (Polyuria): Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokuʻu i kekahi mau lita o ka mimi i kēlā me kēia lā. Pono paha ʻoe e hele pinepine i ka lumi holoi.
• Ka makewai nui (Polydipsia): ʻAʻohe mea i ka nui o ka wai āu e inu ai, manaʻo ʻoe ʻaʻole lawa kāu. Ke nalowale ka wai o kou kino, hōʻike kou lolo iā ʻoe e hoʻomau i ka inu wai.
• Dehydration: Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e inu i ka wai lawa, hiki iā ʻoe ke lilo ka wai i loko o kou kino.
• Luhi: ʻO ka ala pinepine ʻana i ka pō e mimi hiki ke hoʻopilikia i kou hiamoe a hoʻoluhi iā ʻoe i ka lā a pau.

2. Inā piʻi ka hormone ADH (Hypersecretion of ADH)

ʻO ke ʻano kū'ē kēia o ka mea ma mua. Inā nui loa ka hormone ADH i loko o ke kino, hoʻopili hou nā puʻupaʻa i ka wai nui i loko o ke kino. Hoʻokuʻu kēia i ka nui o ka mimi. Hoʻopili kēia i ka wai i loko o ke kino a lilo ka pae sodium (paʻakai) i loko o ke koko i mea haʻahaʻa loa. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻano maʻi ʻo SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion) .

Nā mea e hiki ai ke kumu i kēia:

• Kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau (e.g., kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi diabetes a me ka maʻi epilepsy).
• Ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana i hana ʻia ma lalo o ka anesthesia.
• Nā kūlana e like me nā ʻeha o ka lolo, nā maʻi, a i ʻole ka hahau ʻana.

Nā hōʻailona nui (ʻo kēia mau mea i hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia e nā pae sodium haʻahaʻa i loko o ke koko):

• Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi.
• ʻEha poʻo.
• Manaʻo e like me ʻoe e nalowale ana kou kaulike a kokoke e hāʻule.
• Nā loli noʻonoʻo e like me ka nalowale o ka hoʻomanaʻo a me ka hoʻonāukiuki.

3. Nā pilikia e pili ana i ka hormone Oxytocin

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, he mea kākaʻikahi loa nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā pae haʻahaʻa a kiʻekiʻe paha o kēia hormone, ʻo oxytocin. He maʻi kākaʻikahi loa ia.

• Inā haʻahaʻa ka oxytocin: ʻAʻole paha e ʻūlū pono ka ʻōpū i ka wā hānau, a ʻaʻole paha e komo mai ka waiū ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o ke pēpē.
• Inā piʻi ka oxytocin: He mea kākaʻikahi loa kēia. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻoulu i nā ʻiʻo o ka ʻōpū e ulu nui loa, e paʻakikī ai i ka pēpē ke paʻa.

Pehea ʻoe e ʻike ai inā he pilikia me ka Posterior Pituitary?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona a mākou i kūkākūkā ai ma mua, e nīnau mua kāu kauka iā ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona. A laila, hana paha lākou i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e kiʻi i kahi kiʻi pololei o kāu mau pae hormone.

• Nā hoʻāʻo koko: Hiki ke ana ʻia nā mea e like me nā pae hormone ADH a me nā pae sodium koko.
• Nā Hoʻāʻo Mimi: Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka mānoanoa a i ʻole ka lahilahi o kou mimi.
• MRI scan: Kōkua kēia i ka nānā ʻana i kekahi mau ʻōpū a i ʻole ka hōʻino ʻana i ka pituitary gland a i ʻole hypothalamus.

E hoʻoholo kāu kauka i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma muli o nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻokolohua.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

He mea kākaʻikahi loa ka nui o nā kūlana a mākou i kūkākūkā ai. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi loli i kou kino, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻowahāwahā ʻana.

ʻOi aku hoʻi, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o nā hōʻailona ma lalo nei, mai hoʻonele i ka manawa a ʻike i kāu kauka.

• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka make wai nui loa a me ka mimi pinepine a nui hoʻi .
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka nausea, ka luaʻi ʻana, ke poʻo ʻeha, a me ke ʻano o ke kaulike ʻole me ke kumu ʻole.
• Inā manaʻo koke ʻoe ua huikau kou hoʻomanaʻo a ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke noʻonoʻo pono .

I nā manawa e like me kēia, ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i ke kauka a me ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi mau hoʻokolohua maʻalahi e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻoholo inā he pilikia a ʻaʻole paha. No laila, mai makaʻu e ʻimi i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo lapaʻau.