Ke pilikia nei hoʻi ʻoe i ka ʻike kokoke ʻana ma hope o ka piha ʻana i 40? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ka Presbyopia!

Ke paʻakikī iki nei hoʻi iā ʻoe ke nānā i ka nūpepa, heluhelu i kahi puke, a ʻike paha i ka paʻi liʻiliʻi ma kāu kelepona? Pono paha ʻoe e paʻa i kahi puke i kahi mamao iki e heluhelu ai? A i ʻole ʻeha kou mau maka a luhi i ka hana ʻana i kahi hana kokoke? I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻo kēia ma muli o ke kūlana a mākou e kamaʻilio nei i kēia lā (Presbyopia). ʻAʻole ia he mea e makaʻu ai, ʻaʻole ia he maʻi, he mea ia e hiki mai ana i nā poʻe he nui i ko lākou wā ʻelemakule.

He aha ka Presbyopia? E hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi kākou!

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka presbyopia ka nalowale mālie o kou hiki ke nānā pono i nā mea kokoke iā ʻoe i kou wā ʻelemakule. Hana ʻia kēia no ka mea e nalowale ana ka lens kūlohelohe i loko o ko kākou mau maka i kona palupalu i ko kākou wā ʻelemakule.

Hoʻomaka pinepine ka Presbyopia ma kahi o 40 mau makahiki. A laila hiki ke ʻoi aku ka ʻino a hiki i ka makahiki 60-65. E ʻike paha ʻoe e lilo ana ka hana ʻana i nā hana kokoke e like me ka heluhelu ʻana i kahi puke a nūpepa paha a i ʻole ke komo ʻana i kahi nila i mea paʻakikī ma mua. No kekahi poʻe, hiki i kēia ke kumu i ke poʻo ʻeha, ka ʻeha o ka maka, a me ka luhi o ka maka.

ʻO ka mea nui, ʻaʻole he maʻi ka Presbyopia. He ʻāpana maoli ia o ka ʻelemakule. E like me ko kākou lauoho e hina hina ana. He hewa refractive ia i loko o nā maka, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi loli iki i ke ʻano o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka mālamalama i loko o ka maka. ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa, hiki ke hoʻoponopono maʻalahi ʻia me nā aniani, nā aniani hoʻopili, a i ʻole ke ʻoki kino.

Pehea ka maʻamau o kēia ʻano (Presbyopia)?

He maʻi maʻamau loa ka Presbyopia. ʻAʻole ʻo ʻoe wale nō, he miliona o ka poʻe a puni ka honua. I ka makahiki 2015, ma kahi o 1.8 biliona kānaka ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa i loaʻa ka presbyopia. Ua wānana nā kānaka noiʻi e hiki aku kēia helu i ka 2.1 biliona ma ka makahiki 2030. No laila hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ke ʻano maʻamau o kēia.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka presbyopia? E nānā inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau mea!

E nānā a ʻike inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau ʻano:

• Pono ka mālamalama hou aku e heluhelu: Manaʻo ʻoe e pono ana ʻoe i ka mālamalama hou aku e heluhelu i nā mea āu i heluhelu ai me ka mālamalama maʻamau?
• ʻIke pōwehiwehi i ka wā e heluhelu ai ma kahi mamao maʻamau: ʻAʻole maopopo ke kikokikona ke paʻa ʻoe i kahi nūpepa a puke paha ma kahi kūlana maʻamau?
• Ke paʻa ʻana i nā mea āu e heluhelu ai ma kahi mamao: He mea kēia a ka poʻe he nui e ʻike ai he mea ʻē. Pono anei ʻoe e paʻa i kāu kelepona a puke paha ma kahi mamao?
• ʻEha poʻo i ka wā e hana ana i ka hana kokoke: Loaʻa iā ʻoe ke ʻeha poʻo ma hope o ka heluhelu ʻana i kahi puke a i ʻole ka hana ʻana i kahi mea humuhumu?
• ʻEha ka maka: Ke ʻeha nei kou mau maka, manaʻo e huki ʻia ana mai loko mai, a luhi paha?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​​​ma muli paha o ka presbyopia.

No ke aha mākou e loaʻa ai ka presbyopia? He aha ke kumu?

ʻO ke kumu nui o ka ulu ʻana o ka presbyopia ʻo ia nā loli e kū mai ana i ko kākou mau maka i ko kākou wā ʻelemakule. I ko kākou wā ʻōpiopio, ʻo ia hoʻi, i nā makahiki mua o ke ola, palupalu loa a palupalu ka lens i loko o ko kākou mau maka. Ke nānā ʻoe i kahi mea mamao a laila nānā koke i kahi mea kokoke, hiki i kēia lens ke hoʻololi koke i kona ʻano. Kāhea pū mākou i kēia hiki ke "accommodation". ʻO kēia ma muli o kēia, hāʻule pololei nā kukuna mālamalama ma luna o ka "retina" a ʻike maopopo mākou.

E noʻonoʻo i kou maka e like me ke kāmela. Hiki i ka lens o ke kāmela ke hoʻopololei ponoʻī i nā mea kokoke a me nā mea mamao. ʻO ka lens o ko kākou maka, me ka ʻāpana moakaka o ke alo o ka maka i kapa ʻia ʻo cornea, hāʻawi i kēia ʻike maopopo. No ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka presbyopia, he mea kōkua ke ʻike iki e pili ana i kēia kaʻina hana:

1. Kūlou maoli ka cornea i ke komo ʻana o ka mālamalama i ka maka.

2. A laila, ʻo kahi ʻiʻo liʻiliʻi e like me ke apo a puni ka lens e ʻaelike a hoʻomaha paha. Hoʻololi kēia hana i ke ʻano o ka lens a hiki i nā mea kokoke a mamao paha ke kālele ʻia. Inā mamao loa ka mea, hoʻomaha ka ʻiʻo. Inā kokoke, ʻaelike ka ʻiʻo.

3. Hāʻule ka mālamalama ma ka retina. He membrane kēia ma ke kua o ka maka . ʻO kēia ka mea e hoʻololi i ka mālamalama i mau hōʻailona uila.

4. Hāpai ke aʻalolo optic i kēia mau hōʻailona i ka lolo. ʻO ia ka manawa a mākou e ʻike ai i ke kiʻi.

I ko kākou ʻelemakule ʻana, hoʻomau ka ulu ʻana o ka aniani o ko kākou mau maka . E like me ka ʻakaʻakai, hoʻohui ʻia nā papa hou o nā cell. ʻO kēia ke kumu e mānoanoa ai ka aniani a nalowale kona palupalu. ʻO ka hopena, ʻaʻole i kau pono ʻia ka mālamalama ma ka retina. ʻO kēia ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai nā mea e kokoke ana iā kākou e ʻike ʻia he blurry. ʻO kēia ke kumu nui o ka presbyopia.

ʻO wai ka mea i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka presbyopia?

ʻO ke kumu pilikia nui ka ʻoi aku o 40 mau makahiki . Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā maʻi ke hana i ka presbyopia i nā poʻe ma lalo o 40. Kāhea mākou i kēia "premature presbyopia" a i ʻole "premature presbyopia".

ʻO nā mea pilikia no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka presbyopia:

• Loaʻa ka ʻike mamao (Hyperopia).
• ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau. Eia kekahi laʻana, nā antihistamines no nā maʻi allergies a me nā antidepressants no ke kaumaha.
• Loaʻa i kekahi mau maʻi. Nā Laʻana: Diabetes Mellitus, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Maʻi Cardiovascular.

Pehea ʻoe e ʻike ai inā he presbyopia kou?

ʻO kahi ophthalmologist, ʻo ia hoʻi, he kauka loea i nā maka, hiki ke hoʻomaopopo pololei i ka presbyopia ma o ka hoʻokolokolo maka.

ʻO kahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o kēia hoʻāʻo i kapa ʻia he "loiloi refraction." Ke ana kēia hoʻāʻo i ka maikaʻi o kou ʻike ʻana ma nā mamao like ʻole. Hiki i kēia hoʻāʻo ke haʻi i kāu kauka inā he presbyopia kou, nā pilikia ʻike ʻē aʻe e like me ka astigmatism, nearsightedness (Myopia) a i ʻole farsightedness (Hyperopia).

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka presbyopia?

Ma muli o kou kūlana olakino, kou nohona, a me kou makemake, hiki i kāu kauka maka ke kuhikuhi i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau ʻano hana:

• Nā aniani maka
• Nā aniani hoʻopili
• Nā ʻoki kino
• Nā kulu maka

E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēlā me kēia me nā kikoʻī hou aku.

Nā aniani maka

Inā paha ua hoʻohana mua ʻoe i nā aniani no kekahi pilikia ʻike maka, ʻo kēia paha ka manawa e hoʻololi ai i kahi ʻano aniani ʻoluʻolu e kūpono i kou mau maka e loli nei. Eia kekahi mau koho:

• Nā aniani heluhelu / Nā Mea Heluhelu: ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia no ka poʻe ʻike kokoke (Myopia), ʻike mamao (Hyperopia), a i ʻole he astigmatism. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i nā Mea Heluhelu ma luna o ke kūʻai ma kahi hale kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nīnau ʻana i kāu kauka i ka mana hoʻonui kūpono iā ʻoe. A i ʻole, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā aniani heluhelu i hana ʻia e kūpono i nā maka ʻelua.
• Nā maka aniani Bifocal: ʻO kēia mau maka aniani, i kuhikuhi pinepine ʻia no ka presbyopia, he ʻelua mau kuhikuhi ma ka lens hoʻokahi. Kōkua ka ʻaoʻao luna o ka lens me ka ʻike mamao, a kōkua ka ʻāpana liʻiliʻi ma lalo me ka ʻike kokoke.
• Nā maka Trifocal: ʻEkolu mau aniani o kēia mau mea: hoʻokahi no ka ʻike kokoke, hoʻokahi no ka ʻike waena (ma kahi o ʻekolu kapuaʻi ka mamao), a hoʻokahi no ka ʻike mamao.
• Nā aniani Progressive: He mau aniani multifocal kēia, e like me nā bifocal. Eia nō naʻe, he mālie ka hoʻololi ʻana mai kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau i kekahi. Koho ka poʻe he nui i nā aniani progressive no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou makemake i nā laina i loko o kā lākou mau aniani.
• Nā aniani holomua o ke keʻena: Ua hoʻolālā ʻia kēia mau aniani no ka hana kokoke i ke keʻena. ʻO ia hoʻi ka hana ʻana ma ke kamepiula, ke kākau ʻana, a pēlā aku. Ke ala ʻoe mai kāu pākaukau, pono ʻoe e wehe iā lākou e ʻike i kahi mamao.

Nā aniani hoʻopili

Aia kekahi mau ʻano aniani hoʻopili e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike maikaʻi inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka presbyopia. E koho i ke ʻano o ka aniani e kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike me ka ʻoluʻolu loa:

• Nā aniani hoʻopili bifocal: Kōkua ka aniani "bifocal" maoli me ʻelua mau kiko kikowaena, kokoke a mamao. Loaʻa lākou i nā ʻano "palupalu" a i ʻole "gas-permeable".
• Nā aniani hoʻopili multifocal:Ua like nā aniani "Multifocal" me nā aniani "Bifocal", a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā inoa ʻelua me ke ʻano like. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kahi aniani "Multifocal" ke hoʻokomo i nā kiko kikowaena ʻelua ma mua o ʻelua, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi ʻāpana waena ma kahi o ʻekolu kapuaʻi ka mamao. Loaʻa pū kēia mau mea i nā ʻano palupalu a paʻakikī.
• Nā aniani hoʻopili Monovision: Ma kahi hoʻonohonoho aniani "Monovision", kōkua ka aniani ma kekahi maka iā ʻoe e ʻike i kahi mamao, ʻoiai ke kōkua ka aniani ma kekahi maka iā ʻoe e ʻike kokoke. E hoʻomaʻamaʻa mālie kou lolo i kēia ʻōnaehana, akā hiki ke hala ma kahi o ʻelua pule no ʻoe e maʻa ai me ia.
• Nā aniani hoʻopili monovision i hoʻololi ʻia: Ma kēia ʻano hana, hoʻokomo ʻoe i kahi aniani no ka ʻike kokoke a mamao paha ma kekahi maka, a me kahi aniani "multifocal" no nā mamao āpau ma kekahi maka.

Nā ʻoki kino

Ma mua o ka hoʻoholo ʻana inā e hana ʻia ke ʻoki kino, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ke olakino o kou mau maka, ka mōʻaukala olakino ʻohana, a me kou nohona. No ka poʻe e hoʻohana wale ana i ka `(Readers)`, ʻoi aku paha ka nui o nā pilikia o ke ʻoki kino ma mua o nā pono.

Hoʻoponopono kēia mau kaʻina hana laser ʻekolu i ka presbyopia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano monovision (ua mamao kekahi maka, ua kokoke kekahi maka):

• ʻO ke ʻoki kino LASIK: ʻO ka "Laser in-situ keratomileusis / LASIK" kahi hana ʻoki kino kaulana i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻoponopono i ka ʻike maka i ka poʻe me ka ʻike kokoke (Myopia), ka ʻike mamao (Hyperopia), a i ʻole ka astigmatism.
• ʻO ke ʻoki kino PRK: Inā he pae waena a kiʻekiʻe paha kou o ka ʻike maka kokoke (Myopia), ka ʻike maka mamao (Hyperopia) a/a i ʻole ka astigmatism, he koho maikaʻi paha ke ʻoki ʻana i ka Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).
• ʻO ke ʻoki ʻana me ka minoʻaka: Ma ke ʻoki ʻana me ka ʻoki liʻiliʻi ʻana o ka lenticule, hoʻohana ke kauka ʻoki i kahi kukuna laser maikaʻi loa e hana i kahi ʻāpana ʻiʻo e like me ka disk i loko o kou cornea a wehe iā ia ma o kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi.

Nā kulu maka no ka presbyopia

He koho maikaʻi nā kulu maka no kekahi poʻe me ka presbyopia. Hoʻemi nā kulu maka i loaʻa ka pilocarpine (e like me Vuity®) i kāu pupil , e hoʻonui ana i kou hohonu o ka nānā ʻana a hoʻomaikaʻi i kāu ʻike kokoke. ʻO kēia nā kulu maka mua i ʻāpono ʻia e ka U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) no ka presbyopia. ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau ka ʻulaʻula a me ke poʻo. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i kahi pilikia i ka ʻike ʻana i ka pō.

Ua ʻike kekahi mau noiʻi i kahi pilina ma waena o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia mau kulu maka a me ka wehe ʻana o ka retinal. Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia maʻi ma mua, a inā he mau kumu pilikia kou no ia mea, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ka kūpono o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau iā ʻoe a me nā pilikia.

He aha kāu e manaʻo ai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka presbyopia?

E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka maka e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona a pehea lākou e hoʻopilikia ai i kou ola o kēlā me kēia lā. Hiki iā ia ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike i nā koho lapaʻau maikaʻi loa nāu. Pono paha ʻoe e hoʻāʻo i kekahi mau ʻano hana like ʻole a hiki i kou loaʻa ʻana o kahi mea kūpono loa no kou mau pono a me kou nohona.

Hiki iā mākou ke pale aku i ka Presbyopia?

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, he ʻāpana kūlohelohe ka presbyopia o ka ʻelemakule, no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke pale loa ʻia. E like me kā mākou hiki ʻole ke hoʻōki i ka ʻelemakule, aia nā mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e pale i ke olakino o kou mau maka. Eia kekahi mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo:

• E komo i nā aniani maka e pale i kou mau maka mai nā kukuna UV ʻino.
• E ʻai i nā meaʻai i loaʻa nā meaolaola maikaʻi no ke olakino o ka maka, ʻoiai nā meaʻai i loaʻa ka wikamina A, ka wikamina C, ka wikamina E, a me ka lutein.
• E makaʻala i ka maʻi ʻike kamepiula a hana i nā hoʻololi i kāu hana maʻamau i kēlā me kēia lā e hōʻemi i ke kaumaha o nā maka.

Āhea wau e ʻimi ai i ke aʻo lapaʻau?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o ka presbyopia, a inā he mau pilikia ʻē aʻe kāu me kou ʻike, e ʻike pono i ke kauka maka. Hiki i ka ʻike pohihihi ke lilo i hōʻailona o nā kūlana ʻē aʻe he nui. No laila, he mea nui loa e nānā ʻia kou mau maka e kahi loea e ʻike pono i ke kumu.

ʻOiai inā ʻaʻohe ou hōʻailona, ​​​​he manaʻo maikaʻi ia e nānā pinepine i kou mau maka a me kou ʻike. ʻO ka pinepine o kou nānā ʻana i kou mau maka e pili ana i kou makahiki, ke olakino o ka maka, a me nā kūlana olakino ma lalo āu e loaʻa ai. Pono ka hapa nui o nā pākeke i ka hoʻokolokolo maka i kēlā me kēia makahiki a ʻelua paha. E nīnau i kāu kauka maka i ka manawa kūpono iā ʻoe.

He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o (Presbyopia) a me (Hyperopia) (ʻike maka mamao)?

ʻO ka presbyopia a me ka hyperopia he mau hewa refractive e hoʻoulu ai i nā mea kokoke e like me ka blurry. ʻO ia hoʻi, nā hewa i ka hoʻopololei ʻana o ka mālamalama. Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa nā kumu kumu o kēia mau mea ʻelua.

• Hiki mai ka presbyopia no ka mea ua nalowale ke aniani o kou maka i kona palupalu.
• Hiki mai ka Hyperopia no ka mea he liʻiliʻi loa kou maka, a he pālahalaha paha kou cornea.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he paʻakikī ke ʻike i nā mea ʻelua, no nā kumu ʻelua.

Hiki ke hui pū ʻia ka Presbyopia lāua ʻo Myopia?

ʻAe, hiki nō ia. A he mea maʻamau loa ia. ʻO ka myopia kahi kūlana kahi e kau nui ai kou mau maka. No laila, ʻoiai nā mea kokoke e ʻike ʻia he maopopo, ʻo nā mea mamao e ʻike ʻia he blurry.

Eia nō naʻe, inā he Myopia kou a ʻoi aku ma mua o 40 mau makahiki, e hoʻomaka paha ʻoe e ʻike i nā hopena o Presbyopia ʻoiai ke kau nei ʻoe i nā aniani a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​aniani hoʻopili. Mai hopohopo, hiki i kāu kauka maka ke hoʻoponopono i kāu kauoha lens e kūpono i ka Presbyopia a me Myopia.

He ʻāpana maʻamau ka Presbyopia o ka ʻelemakule. Akā, ʻaʻole ia manaʻo e kali ʻoe a hiki i ka hopena o kāu mau hana o kēlā me kēia lā. Inā ʻike ʻoe i ka ʻike pohihihi a i ʻole kekahi ʻeha maka ʻē aʻe, e ʻike koke i ke kauka maka. ʻAʻole he maʻi ka Presbyopia, akā hiki ke like kona mau hōʻailona me nā maʻi koʻikoʻi e pono ai ka mālama koke ʻana. E hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻike i ka pilikia a hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka lāʻau āu e pono ai.

Nā mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo (Leka Lawe-Home)

ʻAe, e hōʻuluʻulu kākou i nā mea nui e pono ai ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo mai nā mea a mākou i kamaʻilio ai:

• ʻO ka Presbyopia ka nalowale ʻana o ka ʻike kokoke ma hope o 40 mau makahiki. ʻAʻole kēia he maʻi, akā, he hopena ia o ka liʻiliʻi o ka palupalu o ka lens o ka maka i ko kākou ʻelemakule ʻana.
• ʻO nā hōʻailona paha e komo pū me ka paʻa ʻana i kahi nūpepa a puke paha mai kahi mamao aku, ka pono o ka mālamalama hou aku, a me ke poʻo ʻeha.
• He mea maʻamau loa kēia. ʻAʻole ʻo ʻoe wale nō, he nui ka poʻe ma ke ao nei i loaʻa i kēia.
• ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa, aia nā hopena maʻalahi no kēia. Hiki ke hoʻomalu ʻia ke kūlana me nā aniani maka, nā aniani hoʻopili, a me ke ʻoki kino a i ʻole nā ​​kulu maka.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​e ʻike pono i kahi kauka maka. Na lākou e koho i ka hopena kūpono nāu.
• E mālama i kou mau maka. E ʻai pono, e ʻaʻahu i nā aniani maka, a e nānā mau i kou mau maka.

No laila, ke lana nei koʻu manaʻo ua ʻoi aku kou ʻike i kēia manawa no (Presbyopia). Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻae i kēia ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o kou ola, e lawe i nā hana palekana e pono ai, a hoʻomau i kāu hana me ka ʻoluʻolu!

ʻO ka Presbyopia, ʻike maka kokoke, presbyopia, nā aniani maka, nā aniani hoʻopili, ke olakino o ka maka, ka hemahema o ka ʻike