Loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi ʻike kala kupaianaha? E aʻo kākou e pili ana i kēia hiki kakaikahi (Tetrachromacy)!

Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe inā hiki i kekahi poʻe ke ʻike i nā kala he nui ma mua o kā mākou? I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi hiki kūikawā loa, he mea ʻē iki, akā he mea kupaianaha maoli. ʻO kēia ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo `(Tetrachromacy)` i ka ʻepekema lapaʻau. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka mea e hana ʻia, hiki i kekahi poʻe, ʻoi aku hoʻi nā wahine, ke hoʻokaʻawale a ʻike i nā miliona o nā kala he nui me ka maalea ma mua o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole anei he mea kupaianaha? E nānā kākou pehea e hana ai kēia.

He aha ka Tetrachromacy?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he hiki kakaikahi loa ka `(Tetrachromacy)`. ʻEhā ʻano o nā pūnaewele i loko o ko lākou mau maka o ka poʻe me kēia hiki ke ʻike i nā kala. Loaʻa i ka hapa nui o mākou kēia mau ʻano pūnaewele ʻekolu. Kāhea mākou i kēia mau pūnaewele he `(cones)` . Aia lākou ma ka `(retina)` ma ke kua o ko mākou mau maka. ʻO kēia mau cones ka mea e ʻike i ka mālamalama a hoʻouna i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā kala i ka lolo.

I kēia manawa, e noʻonoʻo, hiki i kekahi me ʻekolu ʻano cone ke hoʻokaʻawale a ʻike i kekahi mau miliona kala. A pehea lā kekahi me kēia ʻano cone ʻehā? Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokaʻawale a ʻike i nā haneli miliona o nā kala ! ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻike paha lākou i kahi honua ʻoi aku ka waihoʻoluʻu a me ka ʻōlinolino ma mua o ka mea a mākou e ʻike nei.

Akā, aia kekahi pilikia liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole i loaʻa i nā loea kahi hoʻāʻo hilinaʻi e hoʻoholo ai inā aia kēia ʻano, i kapa ʻia ʻo "Tetrachromacy". No laila, he paʻakikī ke ʻōlelo pololei i ke ʻano maʻamau a kakaʻikahi paha. Inā ʻoe e ʻimi i ka Pūnaewele, e ʻike paha ʻoe i kahi mea e like me "Tetrachromacy Test." Akā, i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe ala e ʻike pololei ai i kēia ma ka pūnaewele. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hilinaʻi ʻole i kēlā mau hoʻāʻo.

Pehea e hana ai ka tetrachromacy?

Ua ʻōlelo mua mākou he ʻano cone keu ko ka poʻe me ka "Tetrachromacy". ʻO kēia cone keu ka mea e hiki ai iā lākou ke ʻike i nā kala hou aku. E nānā kākou i nā ʻano cone ʻekolu i loaʻa maʻamau i loko o ko kākou mau maka:

• ʻUlaʻula (L cone): He lōʻihi ka nalu o ka ʻulaʻula. ʻO ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai ʻo ia ka L cone.
• ʻŌmaʻomaʻo (M cone): Aia kēia ma waenakonu o ka spectrum ʻike ʻia, me kahi nalu waena. ʻO ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai ʻo ka M cone.
• Polū (nā kone S): He pōkole ka nalu o ka polū. No laila, he mau kone S kēia.

ʻO ka poʻe me ka "Tetrachromacy" pinepine lākou i kēia ʻano cone ʻehā i ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi i nā kala kokoke i ka ʻalani. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia ʻano cone ʻehā e kahi mutation genetic. ʻO ia hoʻi, kahi loli i loko o nā genes.

No laila, pehea lā e hoʻolilo ai kēia cone ʻehā i ka ʻike kala i mea maʻalahi?

E noʻonoʻo i kēia ʻano. Ua like kēia ʻano ʻehā o ka cone me ka ʻike kala i hōʻiliʻili ʻia e nā cone ʻē aʻe, akā ʻaʻole like loa.Hoʻohui ia i ka ʻike. A laila hana kou lolo i kēia ʻike kala like ʻole, e hoʻonui ana i kou ʻike kala. ʻO ia ke kumu e ʻike ai ka poʻe me ka "Tetrachromacy" i nā haneli haneli o nā kala hou aku.

No ke aha i hoʻomohala ai kekahi poʻe i kēia cone ʻehā?

Aia ke kumu o kēia i loko o kā mākou mau genes. ʻO ke kikoʻī, ʻo ka gene e kaohi ana i ka cone L, ka mea e ʻike ana i ka ʻulaʻula, aia ma ka chromosome X.

E nānā, inā he kāne ʻoe, hoʻokahi kāu chromosome X. No laila, inā he mutation i loko o ia mea, e loli ana kāu mau cone L āpau, a hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i kahi ʻano makapō kala.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻelua kope o ka chromosome X ko nā wāhine. No laila, inā loaʻa i kekahi kope kahi gene i hoʻololi ʻia, hiki iā ia ke loaʻa nā cone L maʻamau a me nā cone L i hoʻololi ʻia. Ma kahi o 12% o nā wāhine i loaʻa kēia maʻi. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i loaʻa iā lākou āpau ka `(Tetrachromacy)` maoli. I mea e hiki ai kēia, pono e hoʻokō ʻia ʻelua mau mea hou aʻe:

1. Pono ka ʻehā o ka cone i kahi ʻokoʻa o ka ʻike alapine (frequency). ʻO ia hoʻi, pono ia e ʻike i nā kala ma ke ʻano ʻokoʻa ma mua o nā cone ʻē aʻe. A i ʻole, ʻaʻole hiki i ka lolo ke hoʻonui i ka ʻike kala me ka ʻike i loaʻa mai ka cone keu.

2. Pono kou lolo i ʻehā mau kahawai kala e hana i ka ʻike kala. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻekolu wale nō kahawai kala o ka lolo kanaka. ʻOiai inā he ʻehā ʻano cone kāu, inā he ʻekolu wale nō kahawai kala āu, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana pono i kēlā ʻike kala keu.

E noʻonoʻo he ʻehā ʻano cone kou a me ʻekolu mau kahawai kala. ʻOiai pēlā, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa kahi ʻano "nāwaliwali" o ka tetrachromacy. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kēlā poʻe ma nā hoʻokolohua ʻike kala ma mua o ka poʻe maʻamau. Eia nō naʻe, pono ka noiʻi hou aʻe e hoʻoholo ai inā paha e ola maoli ana kēia mau pae nāwaliwali/ikaika o ka tetrachromacy a pehea lākou e hana ai.

He mea nui: Hōʻike kēia ʻaʻole wale ka `(Tetrachromacy)` e pili ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi cone keu, akā e pili ana hoʻi i ke ʻano o ka lolo.

Pehea e hoʻāʻo ʻia ai ka tetrachromacy maoli?

ʻO kekahi o nā mea hana nui a nā kānaka noiʻi e hoʻohana ai e ʻike ai inā he tetrachromacy kou, ʻo ia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka DNA . Ua ʻike nā kānaka noiʻi i nā genes e kāohi ana i ka hana ʻana o nā cones i loko o ko kākou mau maka. No laila, ʻike lākou i kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻololi ʻia a me kekahi o nā hoʻololi kikoʻī e ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kumu.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i kahi hoʻāʻo DNA wale nō ke hōʻoia i loaʻa iā ʻoe ka Tetrachromacy. Pono ia i nā lako hana kūikawā a pipiʻi hoʻi. Eia kekahi, pono e hana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo ma kahi ʻano kahi i ʻole ai nā kūlana kukui e hoʻopilikia i nā hopena. Hana pinepine ʻia kēia mau mea ma nā kikowaena noiʻi a me nā haukapila e pili ana me nā kulanui.

ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i kahi hoʻokolohua pūnaewele?

ʻAʻole. ʻAʻohe hoʻāʻo pūnaewele kūpono e hiki ke ʻike i ka `(Tetrachromacy)`.ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia kēia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kamepiula he nui a me nā mea hana ʻenehana. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻaʻole hiki i nā pale o ka hapa nui o nā mea hana ke hōʻike i nā kala ma ke ʻano i ʻike wale ʻia e ka poʻe me ka "Tetrachromacy".

E like me nā mea hana a pau a mākou e hoʻohana ai (nā kamepiula lawe lima, nā papa, nā kelepona akamai), ʻekolu mau ala kala o nā pale: ʻulaʻula, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a me ka uliuli (e like me nā cone i loko o ko mākou mau maka). ʻO kēia mau ala ka mea maʻamau, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o nā maka o ka hapa nui o ka poʻe ma ia ʻano. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole maikaʻi nā pale o kēia au i ka hōʻike ʻana i kahi ala kala ʻehā, no laila ʻaʻole maikaʻi lākou i ka hōʻike ʻana i ka tetrachromacy.

ʻAʻole hilinaʻi ʻia hoʻi nā hoʻāʻo ʻike kala ma ka pūnaewele. No ka mea, i mea e pololei ai lākou, pono e hoʻoponopono pono ʻia ka monitor/pale āu e hoʻohana nei. Hiki i ke kala o ka lumi āu e noho nei ke hoʻopilikia iā ia.

Pehea ka ʻike ʻana o ka poʻe me ka tetrachromacy?

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻike kala o ka poʻe me ka Tetrachromacy "nāwaliwali" ma mua o ka poʻe maʻamau. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻike kala o ka poʻe me ka Tetrachromacy "ikaika" (i kapa pono ʻia ʻo "Tetrachromacy"). Ma ka liʻiliʻi loa, ʻike lākou i nā haneli haneli o nā manawa he nui aʻe o nā kala ma mua o ke kanaka maʻamau.

I mea e hoʻomaopopo iki ai i kēia, e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka poʻe me ka dichromacy (ʻelua wale nō ʻano cone). ʻOiai he ʻelua wale nō ʻano cone o lākou, hiki iā lākou ke ʻike ma kahi o 10,000 mau kala. ʻO ka poʻe e like me mākou he trichromats (loaʻa iā lākou ʻekolu ʻano cone) hiki ke ʻike ma kahi o hoʻokahi miliona a 10 miliona mau kala. ʻO ia hoʻi he 100 a 1000 mau manawa ma mua o nā dichromats. A laila e noʻonoʻo i ka nui o ke kala e hiki i kahi kanaka me ka tetrachromacy ke ʻike!

ʻO kekahi mea nui, ʻo ke ʻano o kou ʻike ʻana i ke kala he "subjective" . ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻike ʻoe i ke kala ma ke ʻano kū hoʻokahi iā ʻoe, he ʻano pilikino. Ua hōʻike ʻia e ka noiʻi he ʻoiaʻiʻo kēia ma waena o ka poʻe ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa o ka ʻike kala. ʻO ia kekahi kumu e kūʻē ai ka poʻe i ke kala o ka mea like (e like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia i kekahi manawa ma nā pou "viral" ma ka Pūnaewele).

No laila, pehea ʻoe e ʻike ai inā he tetrachromacy kou?

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻohe pane maʻalahi i kēia nīnau. ʻAʻohe mea nui ka nui o nā hoʻāʻo pūnaewele e hoʻohiki ai, ʻaʻole hiki ke pane ʻia kēia nīnau. ʻO ka mea mua, me he mea lā ʻo nā wahine wale nō ke loaʻa i ka `(Tetrachromacy)`. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo `(Tetrachromacy)` he mea kakaikahi loa ia a he kakaikahi loa nā hihia i hōʻoia ʻia.

Inā manaʻo ʻoe he Tetrachromacy kou, ʻo ke ala wale nō e hōʻoia ai, ʻo ia ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua kūikawā me nā mea noiʻi ʻepekema. Inā ʻike ʻoe he Tetrachromacy ikaika kou, hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ke kaiapuni a puni ʻoe a ʻike i kēlā me kēia kala, kēlā me kēia ʻano, kēlā me kēia ʻano, ma ke ʻano i ʻike ʻole ʻia a hoʻomaopopo ʻole ʻia e ka hapa nui o ka poʻe.

Leka Lawe-Home

ʻAe, no laila e hoʻomanaʻo kākou iā kākou iho i kekahi o nā mea nui e pili ana i ka `(Tetrachromacy)` a mākou i kamaʻilio ai:

• He mākaukau kakaikahi loa ka Tetrachromacy.Ma kēia, hiki i ke kanaka ke hoʻokaʻawale a ʻike i nā miliona o nā kala ma mua o ka poʻe maʻamau.
• ʻO kēia ma muli o ke alo o kahi ʻano cone keu (ʻo ka hā) i loko o ka maka a me ka hana pono ʻana o kēlā ʻike e ka lolo.
• ʻIke pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano i nā wahine , a aia nā kumu genetic no ia (e pili pono ana i ka chromosome X).
• ʻAʻole hiki i nā hoʻokolohua pūnaewele ke hoʻoholo pololei inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka "Tetrachromacy". Mai hoʻopunipuni ʻia e kēlā.
• Hiki ke hōʻoia ʻia ka tetrachromacy maoli ma o ka noiʻi ʻepekema kūikawā a me ka hoʻāʻo DNA .
• ʻOiai he mea kākaʻikahi loa kēia, inā manaʻo ʻoe he ʻano ʻike kala ʻē kou, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻimi ʻana i ke kōkua lapaʻau.

E hoʻomanaʻo, he ʻano paʻakikī a kupaianaha ko kākou mau maka. ʻO ka "Tetrachromacy" kekahi ʻano o ia mea. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa iki ka ʻike kala o kēlā me kēia kanaka, a ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻonani ai i ke ao nei!

ʻO Tetrachromasia, ʻike kala, nā hunaola cone, nā hoʻololi genetic, chromosome X, nā maʻi laha ʻole, ʻike maka