E like me kou ʻike, he miliona mau meaola liʻiliʻi i loko o ke kaiapuni a mākou e noho nei, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka lewa, ka lepo, a me nā mea kanu. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau mea he fungi. ʻO ka Aspergillus fumigatus a mākou e kamaʻilio nei i kēia lā, ʻo ia kekahi o ia mau fungi i maʻamau loa i ko mākou kaiapuni. No ke kanaka olakino me kahi ʻōnaehana pale maikaʻi, ʻaʻole kēia fungi e hana i kekahi mea ʻino inā komo i loko o ke kino. Hoʻomalu ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino iā ia. Eia nō naʻe, inā nāwaliwali ka ʻōnaehana pale o ke kanaka ma muli o kekahi maʻi a lāʻau lapaʻau paha, hiki i kēia fungus ke hana i nā maʻi weliweli.
No ke aha he mea weliweli kēia haʻalulu no kekahi poʻe wale nō?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he mea hoʻopilikia kēia haʻalulu. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hana i kekahi mea inā ikaika nā pale o ko mākou kino, a i ʻole ka ʻōnaehana pale. Eia naʻe, i ka wā e nāwaliwali ai kēia mau pale, e kū aʻe kona poʻo a hoʻomaka e hoʻopilikia.
He aha nā kūlana e hiki ai ke hoʻonāwaliwali ʻia ka palekana?
- Ka nāwaliwali o ke kino ma muli o nā kumu e like me ka maʻi nui, ka ʻai pono ʻole, a i ʻole ka ʻelemakule ʻana.
- ʻO ka pale ʻana o ka maʻi ma muli o kekahi mau maʻi (no ka laʻana, AIDS) a i ʻole nā lāʻau lapaʻau (no ka laʻana, nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi kanesa, nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hāʻawi ʻia ma hope o nā hoʻoili kino).
- Ka hoʻokomo ʻana o nā mea hana prosthetic.
- Nā kūlana e like me ka neutropenia lōʻihi.
Inā loaʻa kekahi i loko o ia kūlana palupalu i kēia maʻi fungus, hiki iā ia ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.
Pehea e ulu ai kēia maʻi fungal (Aspergillosis) a me kāna mau hōʻailona
Komo nā spores o kēia fungus i ke kino me ka ea a mākou e hanu ai. Hiki mua lākou i ka ihu, ka ʻāʻī, nā lua sinus, a me nā māmā. ʻAʻole ʻae nā cell immune o ke kanaka olakino iā lākou e ulu. Akā i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka me ka ʻōnaehana immune nāwaliwali, ulu kēia mau spores, ulu i loko o nā hyphae fungal, a hoʻomaka e hoʻouka i nā ʻiʻo, hana i nā clots koko (thrombosis), a hana i nā allergies.
Aia kekahi mau kūlana i hoʻokumu ʻia e kēia maʻi. Aia nā hōʻailona i ke kino i loaʻa i ka maʻi a me kou ʻōnaehana pale.
| Kūlana olakino | He wehewehe maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| ʻO ka Aspergillosis Pulmonary Mau (CPA) | I kēia hihia, ulu mālie ka haʻihaʻi i loko o nā māmā. ʻAʻole paha e ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona no nā mahina, i kekahi manawa he mau makahiki. ʻO ka hōʻailona nui ka ʻū. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hōʻemi ke kaumaha, ka luhi, a me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana. ʻO ka mea nui loa, inā hōʻino kēia haʻihaʻi i kahi kīʻaha koko i loko o nā māmā, hiki ke hōʻeha i ke koko (hemoptysis). He hōʻailona weliweli loa kēia. Inā hana ʻia kēia, pono ʻoe e hele koke i ka haukapila a i ʻole ka lumi pilikia (ETU). |
| ʻO ka Aspergillosis komohewa | ʻO kēia ke kūlana weliweli loa a hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. Loaʻa ia i nā poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale nāwaliwali loa. Hiki i ka fungus ke ulu koke a laha i nā māmā, nā sinuses, nā pepeiao, ka ʻili, nā maka, a me ka lolo. |
| ʻAspergilloma | Ua like kēia me kahi "pōpō fungal" e hana ʻia ana i loko o kahi lua i loko o nā māmā. ʻAʻohe mau hōʻailona maʻamau. Eia nō naʻe, inā ulu nui kēia pōpō fungal a hōʻino i kahi kīʻaha koko, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻūhā i ke koko. |
| ʻO ka sinusitis fungal | Hana ʻia ia ke komo nā spores fungal a ulu i loko o nā lua sinus. ʻO nā hōʻailona e komo pū me ka ihu paʻa, ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, ka ʻeha o ka maka, ka ʻeha poʻo, a me ka mucus mānoanoa, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a ʻeleʻele paha. |
He mea nui: ʻAʻole pilikia kēia haʻiki i ke kanaka olakino. ʻAʻohe pono e hopohopo. No ka ʻike wale nō kēia ʻike. Inā kānalua ʻoe e pili ana i kekahi mau hōʻailona, e nīnau i kāu kauka.
ʻAleʻaleʻa i ka fungus
I kekahi manawa hiki i kēia haʻiki ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi allergies ma mua o nā maʻi invasive. ʻAʻole kēia mau mea e hoʻoweliweli i ke ola, akā hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka maʻi.
ʻO ka mea maʻamau o kēia mau mea ʻo ia ka Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA) . ʻO kēia ka mea maʻamau i nā poʻe me ka maʻi māmā mua. No ka laʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka poʻe me nā maʻi e like me ka hānō, cystic fibrosis, a i ʻole bronchiectasis.
ʻO kēia ka manawa e pane nui ai ke kino i nā spores fungal e komo ana ma o ka hanu ʻana. Hoʻokumu kēia i nā hōʻailona like me ka hānō, e like me ka wheezing, ka ʻū ʻana, a me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana.
E kauoha kāu kauka i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e ʻike ai inā he ABPA kāu.
- Nā hoʻāʻo e nānā i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o kahi ʻano koko keʻokeʻo i kapa ʻia ʻo eosinophils i loko o ke koko.
- Nā hoʻāʻo ʻili no ka antigen Aspergillus.
- Ke hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā pae koko o nā antibodies Aspergillus a me IgE.
- X-ray umauma.
He aha nā koho lapaʻau?
He paʻakikī iki ka mālama ʻana i kēia maʻi fungal. Pono maoli ia i ka ʻōlelo aʻo a ke kauka. Mai ho'āʻo e mālama iā ʻoe iho.
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau antifungal: Ma muli o ke ʻano a me ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi, hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me amphotericin B a me voriconazole. Pono paha e lawe ʻia kēia mau lāʻau no kekahi mau pule a ʻoi aku paha.
- ʻOki: ʻAʻole mālama ʻia nā pōpō fungal nui (aspergillomas) i hana ʻia i loko o nā māmā me ka lāʻau lapaʻau wale nō. Pono e wehe ʻia lākou ma ke ʻoki ʻana. Eia kekahi, i nā hihia o ka sinusitis fungal, pono paha e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā lua sinus ma ke ʻoki ʻana a ʻae i ka wai e kahe.
- Lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi ʻaleka: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi ʻaleka e like me ABPA, ʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau nui ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā steroids (e.g. prednisolone). Hoʻomalu kēia i ka pane nui ʻana o ke kino. I kekahi manawa hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau antifungal e hōʻemi i ka nui o nā steroids a hoʻemi i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.
Ke kū'ē ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, i kekahi manawa lilo kēia haʻiki i kūpaʻa i nā lāʻau antifungal a mākou e hoʻohana ai, ʻoiai nā azoles. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka mālama ʻana. No laila, he mea nui loa ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ke kuhikuhi a kāu kauka, a no ka manawa kūpono.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He ʻano maʻamau loa ka Aspergillus fumigatus i ko kākou wahi. ʻAʻole ia e hōʻeha i nā kānaka olakino.
- Hiki i kēia haʻiki ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi weliweli i nā poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale kino nāwaliwali (e.g., nā maʻi kanesa, nā mea loaʻa i ka hoʻoili ʻana o nā kino, nā maʻi AIDS).
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me ke kuʻi mau ʻana, ka pōkole o ka hanu, ka pohō kaumaha, ka luhi, a ʻoi aku hoʻi ke kuʻi ʻana i ke koko, e ʻike koke i kāu kauka.
- Hoʻoholo ʻia ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana e ke ʻano o ka maʻi a me kou kūlana olakino. No kēia, pono ʻoe e ʻimi i ke aʻo lapaʻau.
- ʻO ka poʻe me nā maʻi māmā e like me ka hānō he maʻi āpau paha i kēia fungus, no laila e hoʻomaopopo i kāu kauka inā ʻoi aʻe ka ʻino o kāu mau hōʻailona.
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