Ma ke ʻano he makuahine a he makuakāne, ʻaʻohe mea nui ka mālama ʻana i kā mākou mau keiki liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke pale aku iā lākou mai ka maʻi ʻana a i ʻole ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻeha liʻiliʻi. No laila, ke maʻi a maʻi paha ke keiki, hoʻāʻo mākou a pau e hōʻemi i ko lākou ʻeha a me ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole. ʻO kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau kaulana loa a mākou e hoʻohana ai e hōʻemi i ke kuni a me ka ʻeha i nā manawa e like me kēia, ʻo ia ka paracetamol, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he acetaminophen. Akā pono ʻoe e makaʻala loa i ka hāʻawi ʻana i kēia lāʻau i nā keiki, ʻoi aku hoʻi nā pēpē ʻōpio. Inā emi iki ka nui o ka lāʻau, hiki ke kū mai nā pilikia nui.
No laila he aha ka paracetamol i hāʻawi ʻia i kēia mau pēpē liʻiliʻi?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he lāʻau lapaʻau kēia i hiki ke kūʻai ʻia mai kahi hale kūʻai lāʻau me ke kauoha ʻole ʻia, a hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻēmi i ke kuni a hōʻoluʻolu i ka ʻeha i nā keiki. ʻO ka mea hana nui i loko o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau he acetaminophen. Loaʻa iā mākou kēia mau mea ma lalo o nā inoa inoa like ʻole e like me Tylenol, Panadol, Calpol. ʻO ka maʻamau, 5 milliliters (ml) o ka paracetamol syrup i hāʻawi ʻia i nā keiki ʻōpio he 160 milligrams (mg) o ka acetaminophen.
He mea maʻamau loa iā mākou ke hāʻawi i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i nā keiki. Inā hāʻawi ʻia ka nui kūpono, palekana loa ia, a he mea pono loa ia i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ke kuni a me ka ʻeha. No laila ke paipai nei nā kauka iā ia.
Hoʻohana pinepine mākou i ka paracetamol i nā kūlana e like me kēia:
- Anuanu, kuni
- ʻO ke kuni viral e like me ka maʻi influenza
- ʻEha poʻo
- ʻeha ka ʻāʻī
- ʻEha niho
Akā e hoʻomanaʻo, hoʻomalu wale kēia lāʻau i nā hōʻailona no kekahi manawa. Inā hoʻomau nā pilikia o kāu keiki, pono ʻoe e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka.
E ʻike pono kākou i nā ʻano a me nā ʻokoʻa o ka paracetamol?
ʻOiai ʻo ka paracetamol ka lāʻau lapaʻau like, loaʻa ia i nā ʻano a me nā ikaika like ʻole. Aia nā ʻano like ʻole i hana ʻia no nā pākeke, nā keiki makua, a me nā pēpē.
- No nā pākeke: Loaʻa kēia ma ke ʻano o nā papa, nā capsules, nā ʻeke e inu ai, a me nā suppositories rectal. Loaʻa i kekahi mau papa he 325mg, aʻo kekahi mau papa 'ikaika keu' he 500mg. Aia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻohui i ka paracetamol me nā ʻeha ʻeha ʻē aʻe, e like me ka ibuprofen. Loaʻa paha i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ʻūlū a me ke anu ka paracetamol.
- ʻO ka Paracetamol a nā keiki: Hana pinepine ʻia kēia mau mea no nā keiki ma waena o nā makahiki 2-11. Loaʻa lākou i loko o ka syrup a me nā papa nau.
- ʻO ka Paracetamol no nā pēpē: He mau wai kēia i hana ʻia no nā pēpē ma lalo o 3 mau makahiki. Hele mai lākou me kahi syringe plastik e ana i ka nui pololei o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o ka paracetamol no nā pēpē a me nā keiki
I ka wā ma mua, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma mua o 2011, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka paracetamol syrup i hāʻawi ʻia i nā pēpē ʻōpio. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o kahi wai liʻiliʻi. Akā, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka syrup i hāʻawi ʻia i nā keiki makua. Ma muli o kēia, ʻaʻole pono nā mākua e hāʻawi i kā lākou mau pēpē i ka nui o ka wai i ka wā e hāʻawi ai i ka lāʻau.
Akā, ʻo ka ʻokoʻa o kēia mau ʻano ʻelua ua alakaʻi i kekahi mau hanana pōʻino loa. Ua hāʻawi kekahi mau mākua, ma muli o ka naʻaupō, i nā pēpē i ka nui like o ka syrup kiʻekiʻe e like me nā keiki makua. ʻO ka hopena, ua lawe nui ʻia nā pēpē, ua loaʻa i kahi maʻi weliweli i kapa ʻia ʻo acetaminophen toxicity, a pono e hoʻokomo ʻia i ka haukapila.
Ma hope o kēia mau hanana, mai ka makahiki 2011, ua hoʻoholo nā ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau alakaʻi o ka honua e hana i nā syrup paracetamol no nā pēpē a me nā keiki ma ka nui like (160 mg/5 ml).
Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui e heluhelu pono i ka lepili ma ka ʻōmole a nānā hou i ka nui a me ka nui ma mua o ka hāʻawi ʻana i kāu keiki i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau. Inā he mau ʻōmole lāʻau lapaʻau kahiko kāu ma ka home, e nānā i ka lā palena pau. E pale i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i pau.
ʻO ke ana kūpono o ka paracetamol e hāʻawi i kahi keiki
ʻO ka nui o ka paracetamol e pono ai kāu keiki e hoʻoholo ʻia e ko lākou kaumaha kino, ʻaʻole ko lākou mau makahiki . ʻO kēia ka mea nui loa.
Mai hāʻawi i ka paracetamol i nā pēpē ma lalo o 12 mau pule (3 mahina) me ka ʻole o ke aʻo ʻana a ke kauka.
Hōʻike ka papa ma lalo nei i ka nui o ka paracetamol syrup, ʻo ia hoʻi he 160mg/5ml, ma muli o ke kaumaha o ke keiki. ʻOiai he mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo maʻamau kēia, e hahai mau i nā kuhikuhi a kāu kauka.
| Kaumaha o ke keiki (ma nā kilokani) | Ka nui o ka syrup e hāʻawi ʻia (160mg/5ml) |
|---|---|
| 2.7 kg - 5.3 kg | 1.25 ml |
| 5.4 kg - 8.1 kg | 2.5 ml |
| 8.2 kg - 10.8 kg | 3.75 ml |
| 10.9 kg - 16.3 kg | 5 ml |
| 16.4 kg - 21.7 kg | 7.5 ml |
| 21.8 kg - 27.2 kg | 10 ml |
| 27.3 kg - 32.6 kg | 12.5 ml |
| 32.7 kg - 43.1 kg | 15 ml |
| Ma luna o 43.2 kg | 20 ml |
He mea nui loa:
- Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia kēia mahele i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 4-6 mau hola .
- Mai hāʻawi i nā lāʻau ma mua o 4 i loko o 24 mau hola no kekahi kumu.
- Mai hoʻohana i nā punetune kīhini e ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. E hoʻohana mau i ka syringe a i ʻole ke kīʻaha ana e hele mai me ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
Nā Pōʻino o ka Overdose o Paracetamol
He mea weliweli ka lawe ʻana i ka paracetamol nui loa no kekahi o kēlā me kēia makahiki. Aia kahi palena i ka nui o ka paracetamol e hiki ai i ko kākou ake ke lawelawe. ʻO ka ʻoi aku ma mua o kēlā palena hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hōʻino ʻana o ke ake, ka hāʻule ʻana o ke ake, a me ka make.
ʻElua ala nui e hiki ai i nā keiki ke hoʻomohala i kēia maʻi:
1. Ke kau nui ʻana ma ke kuhihewa: Ka hāʻawi ʻana ma mua o ka nui i kauoha ʻia a i ʻole ka hāʻawi hou ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o ka hala ʻana o 4 mau hola.
2. Ke hāʻawi ʻana i kekahi mau ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau i loaʻa ka paracetamol i ka manawa like: No ka laʻana, ke hāʻawi ʻana i ka syrup paracetamol no ke kuni, a laila hāʻawi i kahi syrup ʻē aʻe no ke anu (hiki ke loaʻa pū ka paracetamol) ma hope koke iho.
Nā hōʻailona o ka Paracetamol Overdose
Inā loaʻa i kāu keiki kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona , e lawe koke iā lākou i ka keʻena pilikia o ka haukapila (ETU).
- Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi
- ʻEha ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o luna o ka ʻōpū
- Ka nalowale o ka makemake a me ka luhi nui
- ʻO ka mimi ʻeleʻele, ke koko i loko o ka mimi, a i ʻole ka emi ʻana o ke alapine o ka mimi ʻana
- Ka huikau, ka hiamoe nui, ka nalowale o ka ʻike
- Melemele o ka ʻili a me nā maka (jaundice)
- Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi kānalua iki ua lawe nui kāu keiki i ka paracetamol, e lawe koke iā ia i ka haukapila a kāhea aku i ke Kikowaena ʻIke Lahui no nā Poisons ma ka Halemai Lahui ʻo Colombo no ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo.
Ma ka haukapila, pili ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka lōʻihi o ka lawe ʻana o ke keiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ke koʻikoʻi o ke kūlana. ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ka holoi ʻana i ka ʻōpū, ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka lanahu i hoʻāla ʻia, a me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka lāʻau antidote N-acetylcysteine (NAC) ma ke ʻano intravenous.
Āhea ʻoe e ʻike ai i ke kauka?
E ʻike pono i ke kauka i nā hihia aʻe:
- Inā loaʻa i kahi pēpē ma lalo o 3 mahina ke kuni he 100.4°F (38°C) a ʻoi aku paha.
- Inā ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kuni o ke keiki ma mua o 104°F (40°C).
- Inā loaʻa i kahi keiki ma lalo o 2 mau makahiki ke kuni e mau ana ma mua o 24 mau hola.
- Inā loaʻa i kahi keiki ma luna o 2 mau makahiki ke kuni e mau ana ma mua o 3 mau lā.
- Inā ʻaʻole e emi ka ʻeha ma hope o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka paracetamol.
- Inā hōʻike ke keiki i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaleka e like me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, ka pehu ʻana o ke alelo, nā lima a me nā wāwae (e hele koke i ka ETU).
Inā ke lawe nei kāu keiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no kekahi maʻi ʻē aʻe (e like me ka maʻi epilepsy, tuberculosis), e ʻoluʻolu e nīnau i kāu kauka ma mua o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka paracetamol.
Leka Lawe-Home
- E hoʻoholo mau i ka nui o ka paracetamol ma muli o ke kaumaha o ke keiki , ʻaʻole ma muli o ka makahiki.
- E hoʻohana mau i ka syringe a i ʻole ke kīʻaha ana e hele mai me ka lāʻau lapaʻau e ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻAʻohe puna kīhini!
- Mai hāʻawi i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka nui i kuhikuhi ʻia. Mai hāʻawi i ʻoi aku ma mua o 4 mau lāʻau i loko o 24 mau hola.
- Inā ʻoe e hāʻawi ana i kāu keiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe (ʻoi aku hoʻi nā syrups no ke kuni/anu), e nānā mau inā loaʻa ka paracetamol i loko.
- E mālama i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a pau ma kahi palekana, mai ka hiki ʻana aku o nā keiki.
- Inā he kānalua kou e pili ana i ka nui o ka lāʻau a i ʻole ke kūlana o kāu keiki, e nīnau koke aku i kāu kauka.
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