Ib lub zog zoo kawg nkaus hauv peb lub cev! Txhua yam koj yuav tsum paub txog cov endothelium!

Koj puas tau xav paub tias tej yam me me hauv peb lub cev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv peb cov hlab ntsha, ua haujlwm rau peb txoj kev noj qab haus huv? Zoo, hnub no peb yuav tham txog qee yam uas tseem ceeb heev, tab sis tej zaum peb tsis tham txog ntau. Ntawd yog endothelium . Txawm hais tias lub npe suab zoo li kev tshawb fawb me ntsis, nws yeej yooj yim heev. Cia peb tham txog nws kom meej, thiab koj yuav nkag siab tias nws muaj nqis npaum li cas.

Endothelium yog dab tsi? Cia peb nkag siab yooj yim.

Hais yooj yim xwb, koj lub endothelium yog ib txheej nyias nyias ntawm cov hlwb uas kab sab hauv ntawm tag nrho koj cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha lymphatic . Nws zoo li ib daim nyias nyias uas kab sab hauv ntawm cov kav dej. Peb hu cov hlwb no ua cov hlwb endothelial . Lawv nyob qhov twg?

• Hauv koj cov hlab ntsha .
• Hauv koj cov leeg .
• Hauv koj cov capillaries .
• Thiab tseem nyob rau hauv cov lymph capillaries .

Xav txog seb, endothelium yog qhov txuas koj cov ntshav mus rau lwm qhov ntawm koj lub cev, cia cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov as-ham ntws ntawm lawv. Yog li ntawd, endothelium yog qhov tseem ceeb rau txhua lub cev thiab cov nqaij hauv koj lub cev. Endothelium tsis yog ib daim npog xwb. Nws zoo li ib tug neeg ua haujlwm tsis khoom. Nws ua haujlwm zoo heev los ua kom koj cov ntshav ntws zoo thiab tswj tau lub xeev ruaj khov. Yog vim li cas cov kws tshawb fawb thiaj xav tias endothelium yog ib lub cev endocrine . Qhov tseeb, koj yuav xav tsis thoob thaum paub tias qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov kabmob loj tshaj plaws hauv koj lub cev! Yog tias muaj qee yam tshwm sim rau cov hlwb endothelial me me no, nws tuaj yeem muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau lub cev. Vim tias cov hlwb no ua haujlwm zoo los ua kom peb noj qab haus huv thiab muaj zog. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom paub txog endothelium no thiab nws txoj haujlwm. Tom qab ntawd peb tuaj yeem sim peb qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv qhov no kom tsis txhob tshwm sim.

Puas muaj hom endothelium?

Yog, muaj ob hom tseem ceeb uas peb tab tom tham txog. Ob qho tib si yog ua los ntawm cov hlwb endothelial, tab sis muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis nyob ntawm seb lawv nyob qhov twg.

• Cov hlab ntsha endothelium: Qhov no yog daim ntaub sab hauv koj cov hlab ntsha. Hais yooj yim xwb, cov endothelium yog qhov uas pab cov ntshav ntws.
• Cov lymphatic endothelium:Qhov no yog nyob rau hauv koj lub cev lymphatic. Cov hlab ntsha lymphatic zoo li lub network ntawm cov raj me me. Lawv tshem tawm cov kua ntau dhau (uas peb hu ua lymph) uas sib sau ua ke hauv cov nqaij. Yog li, endothelium ntawm cov hlab ntsha lymphatic no pab nrog kev txav mus los ntawm lymph.

Ob qho no tseem ceeb heev rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub plawv .

Cov endothelium me me no ua haujlwm loj li cas?

Cov hlwb endothelial ua haujlwm sib txawv nyob ntawm seb lawv nyob qhov twg hauv lub cev. Cia peb saib cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlab ntsha endothelium.

Kev nqaim (Vasoconstriction) thiab nthuav dav (Vasodilation) ntawm cov hlab ntsha

Thaum koj muaj cov hlwb endothelial noj qab nyob zoo, lawv pab kom koj cov hlab ntsha dav (qhib) kom cov ntshav ntws los ntawm lawv yam tsis muaj kev thaiv. Lawv kuj teb rau cov kev txhawb nqa los ntawm sab hauv thiab sab nraud. Piv txwv li, qhov siab ntawm cov ntshav ntawm phab ntsa ntawm koj cov hlab ntsha, kev hloov pauv ntawm koj qib kev ntxhov siab, thiab cov tshuaj uas koj noj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qhov no. Lawv kuj teb rau kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Xav txog nws, thaum huab cua txias , cov hlab ntsha hauv koj txhais ceg nqaim. Qhov no tso cai rau ntau cov ntshav ntws mus rau koj cov kab mob tseem ceeb, kom lawv sov. Thaum huab cua kub , lawv nthuav dav, tso cai rau cov ntshav ncig zoo dua thiab txias koj lub cev. Thaum koj tawm dag zog , cov hlab ntsha hauv koj cov leeg nqaij nthuav dav, muab cov ntshav thiab oxygen rau lawv. Yog li, txawm koj ua dab tsi los xij, endothelium pab kom ntseeg tau tias txhua lub cev thiab cov nqaij hauv koj lub cev tau txais cov ntshav kom raug.

Tswj kev txav mus los ntawm cov kua dej los ntawm cov ntshav mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg

Thaum noj qab nyob zoo, endothelium muaj qee qhov permeable . Ntawd yog, nws tso cai rau cov kua dej hla nws cov hlwb mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. Txawm li cas los xij, nws kuj ua haujlwm ua ib qho kev thaiv zoo. Nws tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tsis xav tau xws li cov tshuaj lom kom tsis txhob nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv qee qhov mob, xws li kev kis kab mob / sepsis , endothelium dhau los ua me ntsis permeable. Qhov no tso cai rau cov hlwb uas tawm tsam kev kis kab mob nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg thiab pab lawv kho.

Tiv thaiv kom cov ntshav tsis txhob khov (Tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj ntshav txhaws )

Thrombosis yog ib qho mob uas cov ntshav txhaws tsim thiab thaiv cov ntshav ntws, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj. Koj lub endothelium tsim cov tshuaj hu ua nitric oxide thiab prostacyclin . Cov no ua rau koj cov ntshav nyias thiab tiv thaiv nws kom tsis txhob txhaws. Hauv qee qhov mob, cov tshuaj no tsis tau tsim tawm kom zoo. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws.

Qhov endothelium no nyob qhov twg hauv peb lub cev? Nws loj npaum li cas?

Koj cov endothelium kis thoob plaws koj lub cev! Xav txog, koj cov hlab ntsha endothelium ib leeg xwbCov hlab ntsha ntev li ntawm 60,000 mais . Yog tias koj hais kom ib tug neeg qhia koj qhov chaw koj lub plawv nyob, lawv yuav taw rau koj lub hauv siab. Yog tias koj hais kom ib tug neeg qhia koj qhov chaw koj lub hlwb nyob, lawv yuav taw rau koj lub taub hau. Tab sis yog tias koj hais kom ib tug neeg qhia koj lub endothelium, lawv yuav taw rau txhua qhov ntawm koj lub cev! Qhov ntawd yog qhov ua rau endothelium tshwj xeeb heev. Cov hlwb Endothelial kab sab hauv ntawm koj cov hlab ntsha. Lawv yog cov hlwb uas kov koj cov ntshav ncaj qha. Lawv txuas rau lub lamina basal . Lub endothelium thiab lub lamina basal no ua ke ua cov txheej sab hauv ntawm phab ntsa hlab ntsha, lub tunica intima . Lub tunica intima no yog qhov uas tso cai rau cov ntshav ntws zoo. Lub endothelium loj npaum li cas? Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov kabmob loj tshaj plaws hauv koj lub cev. Hauv qhov chaw ntawm thaj chaw, tus neeg lub cev nruab nrab yog npog los ntawm nws, npog ntawm 3,000 thiab 6,000 square meters . Thiab, nws muaj ntau tshaj 1 trillion lub hlwb endothelial ! Cov no yog ua los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg epithelial . Cov hlwb endothelial me npaum li cas? Cov hlwb no tsuas pom tau nrog lub tshuab microscope xwb . Lawv qhov nruab nrab loj yog:

• Kwv yees li ntawm 30 txog 50 micrometers (microns) ntev.
• Kwv yees li ntawm 10 txog 30 micrometers dav.
• Thickness ntawm 0.1 mus rau 10 micrometers .

Yog xav txog qhov loj ntawm lub cell no, xav txog koj cov plaub hau. Ib txoj plaub hau tsuas yog li 100 micrometers hauv txoj kab uas hla. Yog li, txawm tias nws ntev tshaj plaws (50 micrometers), lub cell endothelial tsuas yog ib nrab ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm ib txoj plaub hau xwb! Yog vim li ntawd peb thiaj li muaj ntau dua ib trillion ntawm cov cell tshwj xeeb no hauv peb lub cev.

Qhov txawv ntawm Endothelium thiab Epithelium yog dab tsi?

Ob qho no puav leej npog cov ntaub so ntswg, tab sis muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis.

• Endothelium pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov kav dej uas nyob sab hauv lub cev kiag li thiab tsis muaj kev sib txuas rau ib puag ncig sab nraud. Piv txwv li, cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha lymphatic.
• Cov epithelium pom muaj nyob rau hauv txoj kev uas txuas nrog sab nraud ib puag ncig. Piv txwv li, koj lub cev zom zaub mov thiab lub cev ua pa .

Ob qho tib si yog tshwj xeeb rau lawv txoj haujlwm. Cov epithelium feem ntau yog tiv thaiv ntau dua , ua haujlwm ua ib qho kev thaiv rau lub ntiaj teb sab nraud. Cov endothelium yog tshwj xeeb los muab lub cev nrog cov ntshav thiab lwm yam khoom.

Yog tias cov endothelium puas lawm ces yuav ua li cas? Qhov ntawd yog ib qho mob hu ua endothelial dysfunction!

Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub plawv (endothelial dysfunction) yog thaum koj cov hlab ntsha hauv lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm zoo. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum muaj qee yam ua rau koj cov hlwb hauv lub plawv puas tsuaj. Qhov kev puas tsuaj no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam mob thiab kev ua neej nyob.

Dab tsi ua rau qhov no?

• Cov kab mob zoo li COVID-19 .
• Cov ntshav qab zib ntau ntxiv (Hyperglycemia) .
• Ntshav siab (Hypertension) .
• Cov roj cholesterol ntau ntxiv hauv cov ntshav (Hyperlipidemia) .
• Tsis muaj kev tawm dag zog lub cev.
• Haus luam yeeb thiab siv yeeb .
• Cov kab mob hnyav xws li sepsis .

Qhov phem tshaj plaws uas tshwm sim thaum endothelium puas tsuaj yog atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis yog qhov maj mam sib sau ua ke ntawm cov plaque hauv koj cov hlab ntsha dhau sijhawm. Cov kws tshawb fawb paub tias theem thawj zaug ntawm atherosclerosis yog kev puas tsuaj rau endothelium. Qhov no feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov roj LDL (cholesterol phem) ntau hauv cov ntshav, kev haus luam yeeb, lossis kev ntshav siab ntev. Thaum koj lub endothelium raug puas tsuaj, koj lub cev lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob pib ua haujlwm. Nws xa ib hom qe ntshav dawb hu ua monocytes mus rau phab ntsa hlab ntsha uas puas tsuaj. Cov monocytes no sib sau ua ke ntawd thiab ua rau o hauv cov hlab ntsha. Tom qab ntawd, ntau qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm tes tshwm sim, thaum kawg ua rau muaj qee yam hu ua "fatty streak." Qhov ntawd yog qhov uas cov plaque pib tsim. Dhau sijhawm, cov plaque no loj hlob thiab ua rau koj cov hlab ntsha nqaim. Qhov no txo ​​cov ntshav ntws. Tsis yog li ntawd xwb, tab sis cov plaque no kuj ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws. Yog vim li cas cov neeg uas muaj endothelium puas tsuaj muaj kev pheej hmoo siab dua ntawm kev mob no.

Tom qab ntawd lwm yam kab mob dab tsi tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim yog qhov kev puas tsuaj no?

• Kab Mob Ntshav Siab
• Mob plawv nres
• Myocardial Ischemia (txo cov ntshav mus rau cov leeg plawv)
• Kab Mob Ntawm Cov Ntshav Qab Zib
• Cov mob zoo li mob stroke
• Thrombosis ( ntshav txhaws)

Kev puas tsuaj rau endothelial kuj tseem yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm:

• Mob qog noj ntshav
• Cov kab mob sib kis
• Kev Tsis Txawj Insulin
• Kab mob raum

Yog li peb yuav ua li cas kom cov endothelium muaj nqis no noj qab nyob zoo?

Koj tuaj yeem pab kom cov hlwb endothelial noj qab haus huv los ntawm kev txo cov free radicals hauv koj lub cev. Free radicals yog cov atoms tsis ruaj khov. Lawv ua puas rau cov atoms noj qab haus huv hauv lub cev. AntioxidantsCov tshuaj antioxidants yog cov tshuaj uas tiv thaiv koj lub cev (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog endothelium) los ntawm cov free radicals. Yog li, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum noj cov khoom noj uas muaj cov antioxidants ntau. Cov khoom noj zoo li no muaj cov antioxidants ntau:

• Mov xim av (mov nplej)
• Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo citrus xws li txiv qaub thiab txiv kab ntxwv thiab lawv cov kua txiv
• Cov zaub ntsuab tsaus (xws li spinach, kale)
• Qos yaj ywm
• Kua txob liab thiab daj (ntses chili)
• Qos liab qab zib
• Txiv lws suav thiab kua txiv lws suav
• Cov nplej tag nrho

Koj tuaj yeem nug koj tus kws kho mob seb koj ua tau dab tsi los ntxiv cov tshuaj antioxidants rau hauv koj cov zaub mov noj. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav xa koj mus rau tus kws noj zaub mov. Lawv tuaj yeem pab koj ua qhov kev hloov pauv me me uas yooj yim pib. Piv txwv li, lawv yuav pom zoo kom ua raws li kev noj zaub mov Mediterranean, uas paub tias yuav pab koj lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha kom noj qab nyob zoo.

Tej yam dab tsi ua rau cov free radicals ntau ntxiv? Peb yuav tiv thaiv peb tus kheej li cas ntawm lawv?

Qee yam mob, kev coj ua neej, thiab cov tshuaj lom tuaj yeem ua rau cov free radicals ntau ntxiv hauv koj lub cev. Nov yog qee yam uas yuav tsum tau ceev faj:

• Kev ua qias tuaj ntawm huab cua.
• Qee cov tshuaj, tshuaj tua kab, thiab cov tshuaj ntxuav Hoobkas.
• Noj qab zib ntau dhau.
• Tsis tau pw tsaug zog txaus.
• Kev rog dhau .
• Pa luam yeeb los ntawm cov khoom luam yeeb.

Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog yuav ua li cas tawm tsam cov free radicals no thiab tiv thaiv koj lub cev ntawm lawv cov teebmeem tsis zoo. Nws tseem ceeb heev kom tau txais kev kuaj xyuas txhua xyoo thiab noj koj cov tshuaj raws sijhawm. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog kev tawm dag zog uas tsim nyog rau koj kom noj qab nyob zoo. Cov no pab koj lub plawv thiab lub cev ncig ntshav ua haujlwm tau zoo. Thiab lawv pab kom koj cov endothelium noj qab nyob zoo.

Nco ntsoov tias, txhua tus neeg muaj cov yam ntxwv uas ua rau lub endothelium puas tsuaj rau qee lub sijhawm hauv lawv lub neej. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tuaj yeem txo cov kev pheej hmoo no los ntawm kev ua neej noj qab haus huv thiab tswj koj cov mob.

Thaum kawg, tej yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov (Cov Lus Coj Mus Tsev)

Yog li, koj tuaj yeem pom tam sim no tias endothelium uas peb tau tham txog hnub no yog ib feem zoo kawg nkaus thiab tseem ceeb heev ntawm peb lub cev. Nws zoo li ib tug neeg zaum hauv peb cov hlab ntsha, ntsiag to pab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm peb lub cev tag nrho.

• Lub endothelium yog ib txheej ntawm cov hlwb uas kab sab hauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha lymph.
• Qhov no ua ntau yam haujlwm tseem ceeb, xws li tswj cov ntshav ntws, tiv thaiv cov ntshav txhaws, thiab pab cov nqaij sib pauv cov tshuaj.
• Yog tias cov endothelium puas lawm (endothelial dysfunction), cov kab mob loj xws li kab mob plawv thiab mob stroke tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
• Peb tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov endothelium muaj nqis no los ntawm kev ua raws li kev noj zaub mov zoo, kev tawm dag zog, kev zam kev haus luam yeeb, thiab kev coj ua lwm yam kev noj qab haus huv.

Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm koj cov endothelium, thiab los ntawm nws, kev noj qab haus huv ntawm koj lub cev tag nrho. Nws yuav yog ib qho kev pab zoo rau koj lub neej noj qab haus huv!