Tus kws kho mob hluav taws xob no yog leej twg? Cia peb nrhiav seb puas yog!

Tej zaum koj twb tau mus thaij duab X-ray, CT scan, lossis MRI scan lawm. Los yog koj tus kws kho mob tej zaum yuav tau hais kom koj mus thaij ib daim. Yog li, koj puas paub leej twg yog tus neeg uas saib cov duab scan no thiab qhia rau koj paub meej tias muaj dab tsi tshwm sim hauv koj lub cev? Ntawd yog tus kws kho mob hluav taws xob uas peb yuav tham txog hnub no.

Tus kws kho mob xoo hluav taws xob no yog leej twg?

Hais yooj yim xwb, tus kws kho mob hluav taws xob yog ib tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb yog siv ntau yam khoom siv thaij duab , uas peb hu ua cov tshuab luam theej duab, los tshuaj xyuas sab hauv ntawm peb lub cev, kuaj mob thiab raug mob, thiab qee zaum txawm pab kho mob. Xav txog nws, sab hauv ntawm peb lub cev tsis pom los ntawm sab nraud, yog li cov kws kho mob no saib sab hauv lub cev nrog cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb thiab nrhiav seb puas muaj dab tsi tsis ncaj ncees lawm nyob ntawd.

Cov khoom siv thaij duab no lawv siv dab tsi?

Muaj ntau hom khoom siv uas lawv siv. Tej zaum koj twb tau hnov ​​txog cov npe no lawm. Cia peb saib seb lawv yog dab tsi:

• CT scan ( computed tomography - CT) : Ib txhia neeg kuj hu qhov no ua "CAT scan". Qhov no tuaj yeem thaij duab ntawm sab hauv lub cev kom ntxaws heev. Nws tuaj yeem saib cov ntu ntawm lub cev ib txheej zuj zus, zoo li txiav ib lub ncuav mog qab zib.
• Kev Siv Tshuaj Fluoroscopy : Qhov no zoo li daim duab X-ray uas txav tau. Nws cia koj pom tias cov kab mob hauv lub cev ua haujlwm li cas tiag tiag , zoo li video. Piv txwv li, nws yog siv los saib seb cov kua txav li cas thaum koj nqos nws.
• Kev Siv Duab Sib Xyaws : Qhov no suav nrog kev muab cov duab los ntawm ob hom kev luam theej sib txawv, xws li kev luam theej "(PET)" thiab kev luam theej "(CT)", kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv meej dua thiab ntxaws ntxiv. Ib yam dab tsi uas tsis pom hauv ib qho kev luam theej tuaj yeem pom hauv lwm qhov, thiab thaum ob qho no sib xyaw ua ke, tau txais ib daim duab tiav.
• Kev Ntsuas MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging - MRI) thiab Magnetic Resonance Angiography - MRA : MRI tuaj yeem tsim cov duab meej thiab ntxaws ntxaws. MRI muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev saib cov nqaij mos xws li lub hlwb, tus txha caj qaum, cov pob qij txha, thiab cov leeg. Nws tsis siv hluav taws xob, tab sis siv lub zog sib nqus. MRA yog ib hom MRI tshwj xeeb uas saib cov hlab ntsha.
• Mammography : Tej zaum koj yuav tau hnov ​​​​​​txog qhov no, ib qho kev kuaj tshwj xeeb "(X-ray)" siv los kuaj mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis thaum ntxov. Qhov no yog ib qho kev kuaj tseem ceeb heev rau cov poj niam.
• Kev Siv Tshuaj Nuclear Imaging: Qhov no suav nrog kev muab me me ntawm cov tshuaj radioactive tsis muaj teeb meem ('radioactive tracer') rau lub cev (los ntawm qhov ncauj lossis txhaj tshuaj), thiab saib nws txav mus los ntawm lub cev nrog lub koob yees duab tshwj xeeb ('gamma camera'). Qhov no tuaj yeem muab lub tswv yim zoo txog seb cov kabmob ua haujlwm li cas thiab lawv ua haujlwm zoo li cas. Piv txwv li suav nrog kev ntsuas thyroid thiab kev ntsuas pob txha.
• PET scan ( Positron Emission Tomography - PET) : Qhov no kuj yog ib hom kev scan tshwj xeeb uas poob rau hauv qeb ntawm "Nuclear Medicine Imaging". Nws feem ntau yog siv los saib seb cov cell mob qog noj ntshav puas muaj, seb lawv puas tau kis mus rau lwm qhov, thiab lawv teb li cas rau kev kho mob. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cell hauv lub cev.
• Ultrasound : Qhov no siv cov suab nrov siab los tsim cov duab ntawm sab hauv lub cev. Qhov no kuj tsis siv hluav taws xob. Nws feem ntau yog siv los kuaj xyuas tus menyuam thaum cev xeeb tub thiab los saib cov kabmob hauv plab (xws li lub siab, lub raum, thiab tus po).
• X-rays : Qhov no yog qhov kev kuaj uas peb txhua tus paub, thiab feem ntau yog thawj qhov kev kuaj uas tau ua. Nws yog siv los nrhiav tej yam xws li pob txha tawg, thiab thaij duab X-ray hauv siab los nrhiav tej yam mob xws li mob ntsws hauv lub ntsws.

Cov cheeb tsam tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob hluav taws xob yog dab tsi?

Muaj peb qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob hluav taws xob . Ntawd yog, peb qhov chaw tseem ceeb uas cov kws kho mob hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb ua haujlwm.

1. Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Kab Mob X-ray

2. Kev Kho Mob Xoo Hluav Taws Xob

3. Kev Kho Mob Cancer Los Ntawm Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob

Muaj lwm cov kev tshwj xeeb hauv qab txhua qhov chaw no. Tam sim no cia peb tham txog peb qhov chaw tseem ceeb no kom meej .

1. Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Kab Mob Xoo Hluav Taws Xob yog dab tsi?

Qhov no yog thaj chaw uas peb tau hnov ​​​​​​txog feem ntau, thiab yog qhov uas peb paub zoo tshaj plaws. Cov kws kho mob kuaj mob saib cov duab scans uas peb tau hais ua ntej, uas yog , tshuaj xyuas (txhais lus) lawv, thiab saib seb cov qauv thiab cov kab mob hauv lub cev zoo li cas. Los ntawm cov duab no, lawv tuaj yeem:

• Tshawb xyuas tej yam mob. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj hnoos thiab koj tau txais daim duab X-ray, tej zaum koj yuav pom tias koj puas muaj mob ntsws. Los yog, yog tias koj mob taub hau, tej zaum koj yuav tau txais MRI los saib seb koj puas muaj ib yam dab tsi zoo li qog hauv hlwb.
• Yog tias koj tab tom kho mob rau ib qho mob, saib xyuas koj txoj kev kho mob.Xav txog seb koj puas ua CT scan ntawm ib tug neeg uas tab tom kho mob qog noj ntshav thiab saib seb qhov qog puas tau me dua, loj dua, lossis tseem zoo li qub.
• Kev kuaj mob rau ntau yam mob. Qhov no txhais tau tias kuaj seb puas muaj kab mob ua ntej cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Piv txwv li, kev kuaj mammography kom paub txog mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis thaum ntxov, kev kuaj mob kom paub txog mob qog noj ntshav hauv plab hnyuv, lossis kev kuaj mob kom paub txog mob plawv.

2. Kev Kho Mob Xoo Hluav Taws Xob yog dab tsi?

Qhov no yog ib qho chaw txawv thiab nthuav heev. Cov kws kho mob siv cov thev naus laus zis duab xws li CT scans, ultrasound, thiab MRI los ua kev kho mob tsis yog phais. Hais yooj yim, lawv saib cov scans no thiab ntxig cov cuab yeej me me xws li catheters (cov raj nyias nyias) thiab cov xov hlau rau hauv lub cev los ua kev kho mob. Qhov no tsis tas yuav tsum tau txiav loj, tab sis txiav tsawg kawg nkaus . Qhov no ua rau lub sijhawm rov zoo luv dua thiab muaj teeb meem tsawg dua.

Xav txog xwb, ib yam li siv GPS los nrhiav koj txoj kev, cov kws kho mob no siv cov duab scan mus rau qhov chaw zoo hauv lub cev thiab kho koj.

Qee yam mob uas kho nrog txoj kev no yog:

• Mob qog noj ntshav los yog qog nqaij hlav. Qee cov qog nqaij hlav raug kho los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj ncaj qha rau hauv lawv ('chemoembolization'), lossis los ntawm kev thaiv cov hlab ntsha uas muab cov ntshav rau lawv ('embolization') kom rhuav tshem cov qog nqaij hlav, lossis los ntawm kev siv cua sov ('ablation').
• Kev txhaws hauv cov hlab ntsha lossis cov leeg ntshav. Piv txwv li, yog tias cov hlab ntsha hauv ceg raug txhaws, nws tuaj yeem qhib nrog lub npas (angioplasty) lossis lub stent (lub raj me me) tuaj yeem ntxig rau hauv kom rov qab ntshav ntws.
• Cov qog nqaij hlav hauv tsev menyuam. Qhov no kuj tseem kho tau los ntawm kev siv "embolization" (kev ua kom cov qog nqaij hlav loj hlob).
• Mob nraub qaum. Rau qee qhov mob nraub qaum, tej yam xws li kev txhaj tshuaj steroid tuaj yeem muab rau qhov chaw zoo raws li kev ntsuas.
• Qee qhov teeb meem ntawm daim siab thiab lub raum. Piv txwv li, cov txheej txheem no yog siv los ua qhov biopsy (ib daim nqaij raug coj mus kuaj) lossis ntxig cov raj rau hauv cov kav dej lossis cov hlab zis uas raug txhaws.

3. Kev Kho Mob Cancer Los Ntawm Hluav Taws Xob Yog Dab Tsi?

Peb hais tias qee cov txheej txheem thaij duab siv hluav taws xob. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum siv rau kev kuaj mob, hluav taws xob ntawd tsis tuaj yeem siv los kho kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj cov kws tshwj xeeb hu ua Radiation Oncologists uas ua kev kho mob hluav taws xob.Nws yog siv los kho mob qog noj ntshav thiab qee yam mob uas tsis yog qog noj ntshav (benign).

Kev kho mob siv hluav taws xob yog kev kho mob qog noj ntshav uas siv cov zog muaj zog, xws li X-rays lossis lwm hom hluav taws xob, los tua cov qog noj ntshav lossis tiv thaiv lawv kom tsis txhob loj hlob thiab faib. Nws ua haujlwm los ntawm kev ua puas rau DNA ntawm cov qog noj ntshav.

Cov kws kho mob qog noj ntshav no yog cov uas npaj thiab txiav txim siab seb yuav siv tshuaj tua kab mob ntau npaum li cas rau txhua hom mob qog noj ntshav, yuav ua li cas thiaj siv tau zoo rau cov hlwb qog noj ntshav thaum txo qhov kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlwb noj qab haus huv. Lawv kuj paub tias kev kho mob twg zoo tshaj plaws rau koj hom mob qog noj ntshav, qhov xwm txheej ntawm mob qog noj ntshav, thiab koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho.

Cov kws kho mob Radiologist puas yog cov kws kho mob?

Yog, muaj tseeb tiag! Cov kws kho mob hluav taws xob yog cov kws kho mob. Txhua tus kws kho mob hluav taws xob uas tau txais daim ntawv tso cai tau kawm tiav tsev kawm ntawv kho mob thiab tau txais daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab hauv kev kho mob, xws li Doctor of Medicine (MD) lossis Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO) . Yog li ntawd, lawv muaj kev paub tob txog kev kho mob txog lub cev thiab cov kab mob.

Qhov txawv ntawm tus kws kho mob Radiologist thiab tus kws kho mob Radiologic Technologist yog dab tsi?

Qhov no yog ib qho chaw uas ntau tus neeg tsis meej pem. Tiam sis ob tug no yog ob tug neeg sib txawv, thiab lawv lub luag haujlwm sib txawv.

• Tus kws kho mob hluav taws xob yog tus kws kho mob uas tau kawm nyeem thiab txhais lus , uas yog, tshuaj xyuas, cov duab luam theej thiab muab kev kuaj mob .
• Tus Kws Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob , qee zaum hu ua Tus Kws Thaij Duab Hluav Taws Xob , yog tus kws kho mob uas ua cov kev luam theej duab.

Hais yooj yim xwb, thaum koj mus thaij duab X-ray, tus kws kho mob xoo hluav taws xob yog tus uas yuav muab koj tso rau qhov chaw zoo, qhib lub tshuab, thiab thaij duab X-ray. Nws pab koj xis nyob, thiab nws xyuas kom cov duab zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis saib cov duab thiab qhia koj tias muaj teeb meem dab tsi rau koj. Qhov ntawd tsis yog nws txoj haujlwm.

Tus kws kho mob xoo hluav taws xob saib daim duab, txiav txim siab seb koj puas muaj mob raws li qhov muaj nyob hauv, thiab sau ib daim ntawv qhia txog nws. Koj puas nkag siab qhov txawv? Ob qho tib si tseem ceeb, tab sis lawv txoj haujlwm sib txawv.

Yog li ntawd, tus kws kho mob radiologist ua dab tsi tiag?

Muaj ntau yam haujlwm tseem ceeb uas tus kws kho mob hluav taws xob yuav tsum ua. Cov no yog cov luag haujlwm nyuaj heev.

• Rov xyuas koj keeb kwm kev kho mob kom paub seb qhov kev kuaj duab puas yuav ua rau koj raug mob. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj muaj kev ua xua rau ib yam dab tsi.Yog tias yog li ntawd, ib hom xim sib txawv uas siv rau qee qhov kev luam theej duab yuav tsis haum rau koj.
• Kev txhais cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj duab kho mob yog qhov xav tau lawv cov kev txawj ntse.
• Muab cov ntaub ntawv pom los ntawm cov kev kuaj duab ntawd piv rau lwm cov kev kuaj thiab kev ntsuam xyuas uas koj tau muaj.
• Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob uas koj xa mus los pab koj xaiv qhov kev kuaj duab uas haum rau koj tshaj plaws, thiab pab koj txiav txim siab txog koj txoj kev kho mob yav tom ntej raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj.
• Sau cov ntawv qhia txog cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev kuaj mob. Daim ntawv qhia no yog yam koj xa mus rau koj tus kws kho mob.
• Yog tias tsim nyog, pom zoo kom kuaj lossis kho ntxiv.
• Kev kho cov kab mob siv hluav taws xob (qhov no ua tiav hauv '(Radio Oncology)') lossis ua kev kho mob uas siv duab los qhia (qhov no ua tiav hauv '(Interventional Radiology)').
• Qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv kev kho mob hluav taws xob kom ua cov kev ntsuam xyuas duab lossis ua qee qhov kev ntsuam xyuas lawv tus kheej (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv cov cheeb tsam xws li Kev Kho Mob Hluav Taws Xob Tiv Thaiv).

Koj puas yuav tsum mus kawm ntawv kho mob kom dhau los ua tus kws kho mob radiologist?

Yog, tau kawg li. Zoo li kuv tau hais ua ntej lawm, txhua tus kws kho mob uas muaj daim ntawv tso cai tau mus kawm ntawv kho mob thiab kawm tiav. Qhov ntawd yog ib qho kev tsim nyog yooj yim.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tau ib tug kws kho mob radiologist?

Ua ib tug kws kho mob hluav taws xob tsis yog ib txoj kev yooj yim. Nws yuav tsum tau siv zog ntau, siv sijhawm, thiab kawm ntau yam. Saib cov kauj ruam no:

1. Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum ua tiav kev kawm ua ntej kev kho mob thiab daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab los ntawm tsev kawm qib siab lossis tsev kawm qib siab.

2. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tau txais daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab hauv kev kho mob los ntawm tsev kawm ntawv kho mob uas tau lees paub (kwv yees li 4-5 xyoos).

3. Koj yuav tsum xeem dhau qhov kev xeem tso cai kho mob (piv txwv li, hauv Tebchaws Meskas, qhov kev xeem tso cai kho mob hauv Tebchaws Meskas - USMLE).

4. Tom qab ntawd, lawv yuav tsum ua tiav tsawg kawg yog plaub xyoos ntawm kev cob qhia nyob rau hauv radiology. Nws yog thaum lub sijhawm no uas lawv tau txais kev cob qhia ua haujlwm hauv ntau yam ntawm radiology.

Ntau tus kws kho mob hluav taws xob ces ua tiav ib xyoos lossis ob xyoos ntawm kev cob qhia tshwj xeeb (kev sib raug zoo) , uas tso cai rau lawv kom tau txais kev paub thiab kev txawj ntse ntau ntxiv hauv kev tshwj xeeb ntawm kev kho mob hluav taws xob. Qee qhov piv txwv suav nrog:

• Kev kho mob qog nqaij hlav los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob
• Kev kuaj mob hluav taws xob rau menyuam yaus (uas yog, cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob ntawm menyuam yaus)
• Kev kho mob hluav taws xob interventional
• Kev thaij duab ntawm lub mis
• Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kab Mob Plawv thiab Cov Hlab Ntsha (Cardiovascular Radiology)
• Kev kuaj mob ntawm lub hlwb (lub hlwb, tus txha caj qaum, thiab cov hlab ntsha)
• Kev kho mob nuclear

Yuav siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas los ua tus kws kho mob radiologist?

Feem ntau yuav siv sijhawm tsawg kawg yog 13 xyoos los ua tus kws kho mob hluav taws xob. Qhov no suav nrog:

• Kev kawm ua ntej qib siab (3-4 xyoos)
• Tsev Kawm Ntawv Kho Mob (4-5 xyoos)
• Plaub xyoos ntawm kev cob qhia nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv
• Ib lossis ob xyoos ntawm kev cob qhia tshwj xeeb (txawm hais tias qhov no tsis yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua, ntau tus neeg ua)

Yog li koj tuaj yeem pom tias txoj kev taug kev no ntev npaum li cas thiab mob siab npaum li cas. Yog vim li cas cov kws kho mob hluav taws xob thiaj li muaj kev txawj ntse los saib koj cov duab scans thiab nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb. Lawv zoo li "cov kws tshawb nrhiav" ntawm thaj chaw kho mob.

Thaum kawg, ib zaj lus qhia me me rau koj.

Xav txog tias koj muaj kev xav tias muaj kab mob, lossis koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau kuaj mob xwb. Nws yog ib qho ib txwm muaj uas koj yuav ntshai thiab ntxhov siab me ntsis thaum ntawd. Tab sis nco ntsoov, muaj ib tus neeg uas muaj kev paub tshwj xeeb thiab kev cob qhia los saib koj cov duab scan thiab nyeem cov txiaj ntsig kom raug. Ntawd yog tus kws kho mob hluav taws xob .

Lawv yuav npaj ib daim ntawv qhia txog koj cov txiaj ntsig kuaj mob thiab xa mus rau koj tus kws kho mob lossis pab pawg kho mob. Tsuas yog thaum ntawd lawv thiaj li txiav txim siab seb kev kho mob twg zoo tshaj plaws rau koj.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, yog tias koj muaj lus nug txog koj cov txiaj ntsig kuaj, tsis txhob ntshai nug koj tus kws kho mob. Koj muaj txhua txoj cai los paub txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Tus kws kho mob hluav taws xob tej zaum yuav tsis ntsib koj ncaj qha, tab sis lawv yog ib tug tswv cuab tseem ceeb heev ntawm koj pab neeg kho mob.

Kws kho mob hluav taws xob, kev luam theej duab, kev kuaj mob, CT scans, MRI scans, X-rays, kev kho mob hluav taws xob