Peb puas yuav tham txog tus mob qog ntshav loj no, Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)?

Koj puas muaj mob khaub thuas uas tsis ploj mus tom qab ob peb hnub? Los yog koj tsuas yog xav tias nkees thiab qaug zog xwb? Qee zaum, tej yam me me zoo li no tuaj yeem zais qee yam loj. Hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib yam kab mob uas loj me ntsis, tab sis nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub txog. Ntawd yog mob ntshav dawb myeloid, lossis luv luv AML.

AML yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, Kab mob Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) yog ib hom mob qog nqaij hlav uas cuam tshuam rau koj cov pob txha thiab cov ntshav. Nws yog ib yam kab mob tsis tshua muaj tab sis loj heev. Feem ntau nws yog los ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv ib qho ntawm koj cov noob caj noob ces lossis chromosomes. Nws feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov neeg hnub nyoog tshaj 60 xyoo. Txawm li cas los xij, nws kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov tub ntxhais hluas thiab cov menyuam yaus. AML yog ib qho mob qog nqaij hlav uas kis tau sai thiab ua rau tuag taus. Zoo hmoo, cov kev kho mob tshiab tau tso cai rau ntau tus neeg nyob ntev dua nrog tus kab mob.

Puas muaj ntau hom AML sib txawv?

Yog, muaj ntau hom AML sib txawv. Txhua hom no cuam tshuam rau tus naj npawb ntawm cov cell hauv koj cov ntshav. Txawm li cas los xij, txhua hom tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov tsos mob sib txawv thiab teb rau kev kho mob sib txawv.

Cov kws kho mob kuaj pom cov hom AML no los ntawm kev kuaj cov hlwb qog noj ntshav hauv qab lub tshuab tsom iav. Lawv kuj tseem nrhiav kev hloov pauv hauv koj cov chromosomes thiab kev hloov pauv hauv qee cov noob caj noob ces uas tswj kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlwb.

Nov yog qee cov subtypes tseem ceeb ntawm AML:

• Kab mob ntshav dawb Myeloid: Qhov no yog hom kab mob AML uas feem ntau pom. Nws loj hlob los ua ib hom mob qog ntawm cov hlwb uas tsim cov neutrophils, ib hom hlwb ntshav dawb.
• Mob ntshav dawb monocytic (AML-M5): Qhov no tshwm sim hauv cov hlwb uas tsim ib hom qe ntshav dawb hu ua monocytes.
• Mob qog ntshav megakaryocytic mob hnyav (AMLK): Qhov no yog mob qog ntshav ntawm cov hlwb uas tsim cov qe ntshav liab lossis cov ntshav platelets.
• Mob qog ntshav siab promyelocytic (APL): Hauv qhov no, ib hom qe ntshav dawb uas tsis tau loj hlob zoo hu ua promyelocytes tsis loj hlob zoo thiab dhau los ua cov qe ntshav qog.

AML feem ntau tshwm sim li cas?

AML yog ib yam kab mob uas tsis tshua muaj. Qhov nruab nrab, muaj li ntawm 4 ntawm 100,000 tus neeg laus muaj tus kab mob no txhua xyoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj kev tshaj tawm tias muaj li ntawm 1,160 tus menyuam yaus raug kuaj pom tias muaj AML txhua xyoo.

Cov tsos mob ntawm AML yog dab tsi?

Thaum pib mob, cov tsos mob ntawm AML yuav zoo li mob khaub thuas hnyav lossis mob ntsws uas tau tshwm sim ob peb hnub lawm. Tab sis AML yog ib hom mob qog nqaij hlav uas loj heev. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias,Koj yuav sai sai no pib muaj cov tsos mob tshiab, pom tseeb dua. Tom qab ntawd, koj yuav pom cov tsos mob xws li:

• Kev xav tsis tu ncua ntawm kiv taub hau.
• Tej yam xws li mob qhov ntswg yooj yim, ntshav ntswg ntau zaus, thiab cov pos hniav los ntshav thaum txhuam koj cov hniav.
• Kev xav tias qaug zog tsis tuaj yeem ua tau.
• Hnov txias.
• Ua npaws.
• Hws hmo ntuj.
• Muaj kev kis kab mob ntau zaus, lossis cov kab mob uas tshwm sim siv sijhawm ntev los kho.
• Mob taub hau.
• Cov zaub mov tsis qab.
• Ua nyias nyias tsis muaj laj thawj.
• Daim tawv nqaij daj ntseg.
• Ua pa nyuaj (ua tsis taus pa).
• Cov qog ntshav o.
• Kev xav tias tsis muaj zog.
• Mob pob txha, nraub qaum, lossis plab.
• Cov pob liab me me ntawm daim tawv nqaij (petechiae).
• Cov qhov txhab siv sijhawm los kho.

Dab tsi yog cov ua rau muaj AML?

Cov kws tshaj lij tseem tsis tau paub meej tias yog dab tsi ua rau AML. Tab sis lawv paub tias qhov mob no tshwm sim thaum qee cov noob caj noob ces lossis cov chromosomes hauv peb lub cev hloov pauv (hloov pauv), ua rau cov qe ntshav tsis zoo. Cov kev hloov pauv caj ces no suav nrog:

• Muaj ib yam dab tsi cuam tshuam rau koj cov DNA thaum koj tseem muaj sia nyob.
• Yog tias koj muaj kab mob caj ces uas tau kis mus rau ntau tiam neeg thiab ua rau koj muaj feem yuav mob AML ntau ntxiv.
• Vim muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm qee cov noob caj noob ces hauv koj niam koj txiv cov phev lossis qe.

Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov noob caj noob ces ua rau AML li cas?

Yuav kom nkag siab txog cov kev hloov pauv caj ces no ua rau AML li cas, nws yog ib qho pab tau kom paub me ntsis txog koj cov pob txha thiab cov qe ntshav. Koj cov pob txha yog cov nqaij mos mos, spongy nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm feem ntau ntawm koj cov pob txha. Nws yog ua los ntawm:

• Cov noob hlwb raug tsim. Cov no yog cov hlwb uas tom qab ntawd ua cov qe ntshav liab uas nqa oxygen, cov qe ntshav dawb uas tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob, thiab cov platelets uas pab cov ntshav txhaws.

Feem ntau, koj cov pob txha ua haujlwm zoo li ib txoj kab tsim khoom zoo, tsim cov qe ntshav thiab cov platelets kom raug rau koj lub cev. Tab sis rau ib tus neeg uas muaj AML, cov pob txha pib tsim cov qe ntshav myeloid txawv txav hu ua myeloid blasts lossis myeloblasts.

Cov qe ntshav myeloid blast no tsis ua zoo li cov qe ntshav ib txwm muaj. Cov qe ntshav ib txwm muaj tau cov lus qhia los ntawm lawv cov noob caj noob ces txog thaum twg thiab ceev npaum li cas lawv yuav tsum faib thiab loj hlob. Thaum cov qe ntshav qub lawm, lawv tuag kom ua chaw rau cov qe ntshav tshiab hauv cov pob txha. Tab sis cov qe ntshav myeloid blast tsis ua raws li cov lus qhia no. Lawv faib tsis tau tswj thiab tsis tuag. Thaum cov qe ntshav myeloid blast txuas ntxiv mus rau hauv cov pob txha, tsis muaj chaw rau cov qe ntshav noj qab haus huv. Vim tias tsis muaj chaw, cov pob txha tsis ua cov qe ntshav noj qab haus huv. Yog tsis muaj cov qe ntshav tshiab noj qab haus huv, lub cev tsis tau txais cov khoom uas nws xav tau los ua haujlwm kom zoo.

Ntxiv mus, thaum cov hlwb myeloid no txuas ntxiv faib, lawv txav tawm ntawm cov pob txha pob txha thiab mus rau hauv cov ntshav. Thaum nyob hauv cov ntshav, cov hlwb myeloid no mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev, suav nrog koj lub paj hlwb hauv nruab nrab, lub hlwb, thiab tus txha caj qaum.

Cov yam uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm AML yog dab tsi?

Txawm hais tias cov kws tshaj lij tsis paub meej tias dab tsi ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv caj ces uas ua rau muaj AML, lawv paub txog qee yam (cov yam ntxwv ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo) uas ua rau koj muaj feem yuav mob. (Thaum peb xav txog cov yam ntxwv ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias muaj cov yam ntxwv ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo tsis tau txhais hais tias koj yuav muaj tus kab mob. ) Cov yam ntxwv ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo rau AML suav nrog:

• Hnub Nyoog: Kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm cov neeg uas muaj tus kab mob AML yog 65 xyoo lossis laus dua thaum kuaj pom tias muaj tus kab mob no. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li tau hais ua ntej lawm, AML feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov neeg laus, tab sis nws kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus.
• Haus luam yeeb: Qhov no suav nrog kev nqus pa luam yeeb ntawm lwm tus.
• Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav: Tej yam zoo li chemotherapy thiab radiation therapy.
• Kev raug tshuaj lom neeg ntev ntev: Piv txwv li cov khoom xws li benzene thiab formaldehyde.
• Kev raug tshuaj lom neeg ntau heev los ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob nuclear lossis lub foob pob atomic.
• Qee cov kab mob caj ces uas tau txais los ntawm noob caj ces.
• Lwm yam kab mob ntawm cov pob txha.

Cov kab mob caj ces twg ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm AML?

Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau pom tias qee qhov kev hloov pauv caj ces uas tau txais los ntawm noob caj ces ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob AML. Ib txhia ntawm cov no suav nrog:

• Down syndrome
• Ataxia telangiectasia
• Li-Fraumeni syndrome
• Klinefelter syndrome
• Kab mob Fanconi anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome - Qhov no cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov platelets.
• Kab mob Bloom
• Kab mob Platelet Disorder hauv tsev neeg - Qhov no kuj yog ib qho kab mob uas cuam tshuam nrog platelet.

Cov kab mob pob txha twg ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm AML?

Ib txhia neeg uas muaj cov kab mob myeloproliferative neoplasms, lossis cov kab mob myeloproliferative, tuaj yeem mob qog ntshav myeloid leukemia. (Myelo txhais tau tias pob txha. Proliferative txhais tau tias loj hlob ntau dhau.) Cov neeg uas muaj cov mob hauv qab no kuj muaj feem yuav mob AML ntau dua:

• Polycythemia vera
• Kev mob Myelofibrosis
• Kev mob ntshav txhaws
• Myelodysplastic syndrome
• Aplastic anemia

Tej yam teeb meem uas yuav tshwm sim los ntawm AML yog dab tsi?

Thaum pib mob, mob ntshav dawb myeloid leukemia cuam tshuam rau cov qe ntshav liab, qe ntshav dawb, thiab cov platelets hauv koj lub cev. Yog tias koj tsis muaj cov qe ntshav thiab platelets txaus, koj yuav muaj cov mob xws li:

• Anemia - qhov ntawd txhais tau tias tsis muaj ntshav txaus.
• Thrombocytopenia - Qhov no txhais tau tias tsis muaj platelets.
• Pancytopenia - Qhov no txhais tau tias txo qis txhua hom qe ntshav thiab platelets.

Yuav kuaj mob AML li cas? (Kev kuaj mob)

Cov kws kho mob siv ntau yam kev kuaj mob los kuaj mob AML, suav nrog kev kuaj noob caj noob ces los txiav txim seb hom AML yog dab tsi. Kauj ruam thawj zaug feem ntau yog kev kuaj lub cev. Qhov no suav nrog kev kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj qhov mob, los ntshav, thiab kev kis kab mob. Lawv kuj kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj o ntawm cov kabmob xws li lub siab, tus po, thiab cov qog ntshav.

Cov kev kuaj twg siv los kuaj mob AML?

Tej zaum koj yuav tsum tau ua ib lossis ntau qhov kev kuaj no:

• Kev suav cov ntshav tag nrho (CBC)
• Kev kuaj ntshav ntawm cov hlab ntsha sab nraud - Qhov no suav nrog kev coj cov ntshav mus kuaj thiab saib nws hauv qab lub tshuab microscope.
• Kev kuaj cov pob txha hauv lub cev - Hauv qhov no, ib qho qauv me me ntawm cov pob txha raug coj mus kuaj.
• Kev ntsuas tus txha nqaj qaum - Qee zaum qhov no ua los xyuas seb puas muaj cov qe ntshav qog hauv cov kua dej nyob ib puag ncig tus txha nqaj qaum.

Cov kev kuaj noob caj ces siv los kuaj mob AML yog dab tsi?

Cov kws kho mob ua cov kev kuaj mob caj ces kom paub meej tias yog hom AML twg. Lawv nrhiav kev hloov pauv (kev hloov pauv) hauv qee cov chromosomes lossis cov noob caj ces. Thaum paub hom AML lawm, nws yuav yooj yim dua rau cov kws kho mob txiav txim siab seb cov kev kho mob twg yuav kho tau AML. Qee qhov kev kuaj mob tshwj xeeb uas tau ua rau lub hom phiaj no yog:

• Kev tshuaj ntsuam kab mob (immunohistochemistry): Hauv qhov no, cov hlwb raug pleev xim thiab kuaj xyuas hauv qab lub tshuab microscope. Txoj kev pleev xim sib txawv nyob ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj nyob hauv cov hlwb.
• Kev ntsuas cov kua dej ntws.
• Kev kuaj Karyotype.
• Kev Siv Fluorescence-in-situ-hybridization (FISH): Qhov no tuaj yeem ntes tau cov kev hloov pauv hauv cov chromosomes.

Cov kev kho mob rau AML yog dab tsi?

Cov kev xaiv kho mob suav nrog kev siv tshuaj kho mob qog nqaij hlav (chemotherapy), kev kho mob targeted therapy (xws li monoclonal antibody therapy), lossis allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Cov kev xaiv kho mob zoo ib yam no muaj rau cov neeg laus thiab cov menyuam yaus. Lub hom phiaj kawg ntawm kev kho mob yog kom ua tiav kev zam txim tag nrho ntawm AML.Hauv AML, 'kev kho mob tag nrho' txhais tau tias koj cov ntshav suav zoo li qub thaum kuaj. Nws kuj txhais tau tias cov kws kho mob tsis tuaj yeem pom cov hlwb qog noj ntshav thaum lawv saib cov qauv ntawm koj cov pob txha hauv qab lub tshuab microscope.

Kev kho mob AML los ntawm tshuaj chemotherapy

Muaj peb theem tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv tshuaj kho mob rau AML - kev pib kho, kev sib sau ua ke, thiab kev saib xyuas.

Kev kho mob kom rov qab zoo li qub

Qhov no yog thawj kauj ruam hauv kev tshem tawm AML tag nrho. Kev kho mob feem ntau kav ntev li ob peb hnub. Ib txhia neeg yuav xav tau ob lossis ntau dua ntawm kev kho mob thawj zaug no kom tshem tawm AML tag nrho. Cov kws kho mob yuav siv cov tshuaj chemotherapy hauv qab no rau kev kho mob thawj zaug no:

• Cytarabine (Cytosar-U®)
• Daunorubicin (Cerubidine®)
• Idarubicin (Idamycin®)
• Azacitidine (Vidaza®)
• Decitabine (Dacogen®)
• Glasdegib (Daurismo®)
• Venetoclax (Venclexta®, Venclyxto®)

Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, cov kev kho mob thawj zaug no:

• Ntau tshaj 60% ntawm cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas rov zoo.
• Kwv yees li ntawm 75% ntawm cov neeg laus hnub nyoog 60 xyoo thiab qis dua rov zoo.
• Kwv yees li 50% ntawm cov neeg hnub nyoog tshaj 60 xyoo rov zoo.

Kev kho mob sib koom ua ke

Kev kho mob sib xyaw ua ke yog siv los tua cov hlwb qog nqaij hlav uas tseem tshuav. Qhov no txo ​​qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev rov qab los (rov tshwm sim dua). Cov neeg feem coob tau txais cov tshuaj cytarabine (Ara-C) lossis HiDAC ntau rau tsib hnub txhua hli rau peb txog plaub lub hlis.

Kev kho mob txij nkawm

Feem ntau, AML kho tau los ntawm kev kho mob consolidation. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum, cov kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom txuas ntxiv chemotherapy nrog cov tshuaj tsawg dua. Kev kho mob tas mus li yuav txuas ntxiv mus rau ntau lub hlis lossis ntau xyoo. Cov tshuaj chemotherapy siv rau kev kho mob tas mus li yuav suav nrog:

• Azacitidine (Vidaza®)
• Decitabine (Dacogen®)
• Midostaurin (Rydapt®)

Kev kho mob tsom mus rau

Raws li lub npe qhia, kev kho mob no tsom mus rau kev hloov pauv caj ces tshwj xeeb hauv cov hlwb qog noj ntshav. Los ntawm kev tsom mus rau cov kev hloov pauv no, cov hlwb qog noj ntshav tsis loj hlob. Kev kho mob Monoclonal antibody kuj yog ib hom kev kho mob tsom mus rau. Cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem siv cov kev kho mob tsom mus rau kev kho AML uas tsis tau teb rau chemotherapy lossis uas tau rov qab los:

• Cov kws kho mob siv tau cov tshuaj kho mob Midostaurin (Rydapt®) lossis Gilteritinib (Xospata®) los kho cov neeg mob AML uas muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm FTL3 gene. Qhov kev hloov pauv no pom muaj nyob rau hauv 25% txog 30% ntawm cov neeg uas muaj AML.
• Enasidenib (IDHIFA®) lossis Ivosidenib (Tibsovo®) siv tau los kho cov neeg uas muaj AML vim yog kev hloov pauv ntawm lawv cov noob caj noob ces X.

Kev hloov pauv hlwb ntawm cov noob caj noob ces (allogeneic stem cell transplantation)

Kev hloov cov hlwb noob caj noob ces (allogeneic stem cell transplant) siv cov hlwb noob caj noob ces los ntawm tus neeg pub dawb uas muaj feem cuam tshuam lossis tsis muaj feem cuam tshuam. Cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem tau txais cov hlwb noob caj noob ces no los ntawm cov pob txha, cov ntshav ntawm cov hlab ntsha, lossis cov ntshav ntawm txoj hlab ntaws (cov ntshav uas tau sau los ntawm txoj hlab ntaws tom qab yug los).

Cov teeb meem kev kho mob lossis cov kev mob tshwm sim

Yuav luag txhua txoj kev kho mob qog noj ntshav muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim. Hauv AML, kev hloov pauv noob hlwb muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim loj tshaj plaws. Kev kho mob chemotherapy tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob hu ua myelosuppression, uas txhais tau tias koj lub cev poob tus lej ib txwm ntawm cov qe ntshav thiab cov platelets. Cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev kho mob tsom mus rau qhov sib txawv nyob ntawm cov tshuaj siv.

Kev nkag siab txog cov teeb meem tshwm sim yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias kev kho mob qog noj ntshav yuav cuam tshuam li cas rau koj lub neej txhua hnub. Koj tus kws kho mob yog tus neeg zoo tshaj plaws los paub txog cov teeb meem tshwm sim ntawm koj txoj kev kho mob. Ib txhia neeg yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev kho mob palliative los pab tswj cov teeb meem tshwm sim.

Puas kho tau AML kom zoo tag nrho?

Tam sim no, kev hloov pauv hlwb allogeneic stem cell yog tib txoj kev los kho tau tag nrho cov kab mob leukemia myeloid. Nyob ntawm koj tus mob, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom hloov pauv hlwb stem cell ua koj thawj zaug kho AML. Lossis, yog tias koj tus AML rov qab los hauv 12 lub hlis, kev kho mob no yuav raug pom zoo. Hmoov tsis zoo, tsis yog txhua tus neeg tsim nyog tau txais kev hloov pauv hlwb stem cell.

Kev kwv yees ntawm AML yog dab tsi?

Thaum tham txog qhov kev kwv yees ntawm tus kab mob leukemia myeloid acute myeloid, muaj ob yam. Ib qho yog kev zam txim tag nrho. Qhov thib ob yog kev rov tshwm sim, uas yog thaum AML rov tshwm sim dua.

• Zuag qhia tag nrho, kwv yees li ntawm 50% thiab 80% ntawm cov neeg uas muaj tus kab mob leukemia myeloid yuav zoo tag nrho tom qab kho mob. Cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg hnub nyoog qis dua 60 xyoo feem ntau yuav zoo tag nrho. Qhov kev zoo no tuaj yeem kav ntev li ntau lub hlis lossis ntau xyoo.
• Kwv yees li 50% ntawm cov neeg uas zoo tag nrho yuav rov qab muaj tus kab mob AML dua. Yog tias qhov no tshwm sim, cov kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom siv tshuaj kho mob ntxiv lossis hloov cov noob hlwb. Lawv kuj tseem yuav pom zoo kom koom nrog kev sim tshuaj.

Yog koj lossis koj tus menyuam muaj AML, nug koj tus kws kho mob txog yam koj yuav xav tau.

Tus nqi ntawm cov neeg mob AML muaj sia nyob yog dab tsi?

Kab mob leukemia myeloid loj heev yog ib yam kab mob nyuaj heev. Vim tias muaj ntau hom AML, nws nyuaj rau muab qhov kev kwv yees tseeb.

Piv txwv li, tus nqi ciaj sia tsib xyoos rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 15 xyoos yog 67%. Tab sis qee qhov kev tshawb fawb qhia tias tus nqi ciaj sia tsib xyoos rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj hom APL yog ntau dua 80%. Hnub nyoog kuj tseem ceeb. Qhov nruab nrab, 30% ntawm cov neeg laus uas muaj AML ciaj sia tsib xyoos tom qab kuaj pom. Nco ntsoov tias, AML feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov neeg uas muaj hnub nyoog 60 xyoo thiab laus dua, thiab cov neeg uas kuj tseem muaj lwm yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov feem pua ​​​​​​ntawm kev ciaj sia no qhia txog kev paub ntawm cov pab pawg neeg loj uas muaj AML. Cov ntaub ntawv no suav nrog cov feem pua ​​​​​​ntawm kev ciaj sia txij li xyoo 2012 txog 2018, thiab tam sim no muaj cov kev kho mob tshiab dua, zoo dua rau AML.

Muaj ntau yam uas cuam tshuam rau koj lub neej ntev npaum li cas nrog tus kab mob leukemia myeloid. Qhov no txhais tau tias koj cov kws kho mob, uas paub koj keeb kwm kev kho mob thiab kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho, yog cov neeg zoo tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum paub txog qhov no.

Puas tiv thaiv tau AML?

Tsis yog, mob ntshav dawb myeloid acute myeloid leukemia tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau. Txawm hais tias cov kws tshaj lij paub tias AML yog los ntawm kev hloov pauv caj ces, lawv tsis paub tias dab tsi ua rau nws. Tab sis lawv paub txog cov yam txaus ntshai uas tuaj yeem ua rau AML. Nov yog qee yam txaus ntshai uas koj tuaj yeem hloov pauv:

• Haus Luam Yeeb: Qhov no suav nrog cov pa luam yeeb uas koj haus luam yeeb. Yog tias koj haus luam yeeb, sim tso tseg. Yog tias koj nyob lossis ua haujlwm nrog ib tus neeg haus luam yeeb, sim txwv lub sijhawm uas koj siv nrog lawv thaum lawv haus luam yeeb.
• Kev raug tshuaj lom neeg ntev ntev: tshwj xeeb yog benzene thiab formaldehyde. Yog tias koj ua haujlwm nrog cov tshuaj lom neeg no, ua txhua yam kev ceev faj txog kev nyab xeeb, xws li hnav khaub ncaws tiv thaiv.

Kuv yuav saib xyuas kuv tus kheej li cas? (Kev saib xyuas tus kheej)

Nyob nrog tus mob qog noj ntshav uas tuaj yeem rov qab los tsis yog ib qho yooj yim. Kev koom nrog cov kev pab cuam kom dim ntawm tus mob qog noj ntshav yog ib txoj hauv kev uas koj tuaj yeem saib xyuas koj tus kheej. Tej zaum koj yuav tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tus kab mob leukemia myeloid kom tsis txhob rov qab los. Tab sis koj tuaj yeem ua cov kauj ruam kom noj qab haus huv li sai tau, txawm tias yuav ua li cas los xij. Nov yog qee cov lus qhia:

• Kev kho mob leukemia myeloid mob hnyav tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau koj cov zaub mov noj.Koj yuav tsum noj zaub mov zoo kom koj lub cev muaj zog. Yog tias koj muaj teeb meem noj mov, nrog tus kws noj zaub mov tham.
• Cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev kho mob AML tuaj yeem nyuaj rau tswj hwm. Yog tias xav tau, tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog kev kho mob palliative.
• Kab mob qog noj ntshav yog ib yam mob uas ua rau koj ntxhov siab heev. Kev tawm dag zog yuav pab tau koj tswj kev ntxhov siab. Tab sis nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham ua ntej pib ua ib qho kev tawm dag zog tshiab uas siv zog heev.
• Kab mob qog noj ntshav ua rau koj xav tias koj kho siab. AML yog ib yam kab mob uas tsis tshua muaj. Tej zaum koj yuav ntshai tham txog koj tus mob. Yog tias koj txhawj, xav txog kev koom nrog ib pawg neeg txhawb nqa.
• Kab mob leukemia myeloid loj heev ua rau koj nkees heev. Cov kev kho mob no yuav ua rau koj lub zog tsis muaj zog. Nco ntsoov pw tsaug zog ntau li ntau tau.

Kuv yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob thaum twg?

Koj yuav mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tsis tu ncua thoob plaws koj txoj kev kho mob, tshwj xeeb yog tias koj tau txais kev kho mob tas mus li. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav qhia rau koj paub tias cov tsos mob twg yog cov cim qhia tias koj tus kab mob AML rov qab los. Qhov no yuav pab koj paub thaum twg yuav tsum tiv tauj lawv rau kev kho mob tshiab lossis kev kho mob ntxiv.

Kuv yuav tsum nug kuv tus kws kho mob li cas?

Yog tias koj muaj AML, tej zaum koj yuav xav nug koj tus kheej cov lus nug no:

• Kuv muaj hom AML twg?
• Kuv cov kev xaiv kho mob yog dab tsi?
• Cov kev pheej hmoo thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev kho mob yog dab tsi?
• Kuv yuav tswj cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev kho mob li cas?
• Kuv xav tau kev saib xyuas tom qab kho mob li cas?
• Kuv puas yuav tsum tau ceev faj txog cov cim qhia tias muaj teeb meem?
• Puas muaj tej kev sim tshuaj uas kuv yuav tsum xav txog?

Thaum kawg, tej yam uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov

Kab mob qog ntshav Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) yog ib hom mob qog ntshav uas tsis tshua muaj uas cuam tshuam rau koj cov pob txha thiab cov ntshav. AML feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov neeg hnub nyoog tshaj 65 xyoos, tab sis nws kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas. Ua tsaug rau cov kev kho mob tshiab, tam sim no muaj ntau tus neeg nyob nrog AML hauv kev zam txim tom qab kev kho mob. Txawm hais tias tus mob qog ntshav tuaj yeem rov qab los, cov kws tshawb fawb kho mob tseem tab tom tshawb nrhiav txoj hauv kev los kho AML uas rov qab los.

Yog tias koj lossis koj tus menyuam muaj mob ntshav qab zib myeloid leukemia, koj yuav xav tias koj raug pov los ntawm hauv av khov kho mus rau hauv hiav txwv tsis paub meej. Tej zaum koj yuav xav tsis thoob tias kev kho mob puas yuav ua rau koj zoo siab. Yog tias yog, koj yuav txhawj xeeb txog qhov kev pab ntawd yuav kav ntev npaum li cas. Koj cov kws kho mob nkag siab koj xav li cas. Lawv yuav nrog koj thaum koj daws cov teeb meem ntawm AML. Yog li ntawd, nyob twj ywm thiab tsis txhob yig los nrhiav kev pab uas koj xav tau.

` Mob ntshav qab zib myeloid loj heev, AML, mob qog ntshav hauv cov ntshav, pob txha pob txha, cov tsos mob, kev kho mob chemotherapy, kev hloov hlwb