Koj puas muaj cov qe ntshav dawb tsawg? Cia peb kawm txog Autoimmune Neutropenia (AIN)!

Koj puas tau xav tias vim li cas peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, es tsis yog tiv thaiv peb, qee zaum tuaj yeem pib tawm tsam peb cov hlwb? Qhov ntawd yog ib qho mob nyuaj me ntsis, tab sis nkag siab hu ua Autoimmune Neutropenia (AIN) . Qhov tshwm sim yog tias peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam ib hom qe ntshav dawb tseem ceeb heev hauv peb lub cev, hu ua 'neutrophils.' Yog li cia peb tham txog qhov no yooj yim, hauv txoj kev uas koj tuaj yeem nkag siab.

Yog li, Autoimmune Neutropenia (AIN) yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, 'AIN' yog ib yam mob ntsig txog ntshav. Qhov uas tshwm sim ntawm no yog tias peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, uas yuav tsum tiv thaiv peb, ua yuam kev tawm tsam peb cov qe ntshav dawb hu ua 'neutrophils'. Xav txog qhov no, zoo li cov tub rog tiv thaiv peb lub tebchaws ua yuam kev tawm tsam peb cov neeg.

Cov 'Neutrophils' yog dab tsi?

Cov neutrophils yog cov feem tseem ceeb ntawm peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Lawv zoo li cov tub rog me me hauv peb lub cev. Lawv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb yog nrhiav thiab rhuav tshem cov khoom phom sij uas nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, xws li cov kab mob thiab cov pwm uas ua rau muaj kab mob. Yog li, nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm 'Autoimmune Neutropenia', peb tus kheej lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob rhuav tshem cov 'neutrophils' cell muaj nqis no, yog li tus lej ntawm 'neutrophils' hauv cov ntshav txo qis dua qib ib txwm.

Muaj ob hom AIN tseem ceeb:

1. Kab mob ntshav dawb (AIN): Qhov no feem ntau pom muaj rau cov menyuam mos thiab cov menyuam yaus . Qhov uas tshwm sim ntawm no yog tias tus lej ntawm 'neutrophils' txo qis yam tsis muaj lwm yam laj thawj. Tab sis qhov xov xwm zoo yog tias qhov mob no feem ntau yuav ploj mus hauv ob peb xyoos.

2. Kab mob ntshav qis thib ob (AIN): Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus . Hauv qhov no, cov lej neutrophil qis yog tshwm sim los ntawm lwm yam mob. Piv txwv li, nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev kis kab mob, lwm yam kab mob ntshav, lossis lwm yam kab mob autoimmune (ib yam mob uas lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam nws lub cev). Qhov mob AIN thib ob no feem ntau yog mob ntev .

Tus naj npawb ntawm cov neutrophils hu ua neutropenia tsawg npaum li cas?

Kab mob Neutropenia uas ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob (Autoimmune Neutropenia) tsuas yog ib hom kab mob dav dav hu ua Neutropenia. Kab mob Neutropenia raug faib ua me me, nruab nrab, lossis hnyav, nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg tus neutrophils hauv ib microliter (microL) ntawm cov ntshav.

• Neutropenia me ntsis: 1,000 - 1,500 neutrophils ib microL.
• Neutropenia Nruab Nrab: 500 - 1,000 neutrophils ib microL.
• Neutropenia Hnyav: Neutrophils tsawg dua 500 ib microL.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias cov nqi no yuav tsum tau lees paub los ntawm tus kws kho mob. Yog tias koj muaj kev tsis ntseeg txog qhov no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab kho mob.

AIN cuam tshuam li cas rau kuv lub cev?

Txoj kev uas AIN cuam tshuam rau koj yuav txawv ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau ib tus neeg. Nws nyob ntawm ntau yam, yog li nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov no. Yog tias koj cov lej neutrophil poob qis dhau, koj yuav muaj feem kis kab mob ntau dua. Qee zaum cov kab mob no tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj tsis tau txais kev kho mob sai.

Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum, autoimmune neutropenia tsuas yog ua rau muaj kev kis kab mob me me xwb. Los yog nws tuaj yeem tsis muaj tsos mob. Yog vim li cas nws thiaj li tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum ua haujlwm nrog kws kho mob kom paub seb dab tsi ua rau koj tus neutropenia. Nyob ntawm qhov ua rau, koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem saib xyuas koj tus mob thiab pab koj tswj kev kis kab mob.

Leej twg thiaj li muaj tus kab mob Autoimmune Neutropenia (AIN)?

• Primary AIN: Qhov no feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov menyuam mos thiab cov menyuam yaus . Feem ntau kuaj pom tias muaj tus kab mob no thaum muaj hnub nyoog li ntawm 8 lub hlis.
• Kab mob AIN theem ob: Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim nrog lwm yam kab mob autoimmune, xws li lupus lossis rheumatoid arthritis. Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kab mob AIN theem ob feem ntau raug kuaj pom thaum muaj hnub nyoog li ntawm 10 xyoo. Cov neeg laus uas muaj AIN feem ntau raug kuaj pom thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntawm 40 thiab 60 xyoo.

Cov kab mob autoimmune neutropenia feem ntau tshwm sim li cas?

Primary AIN yog ib yam mob tsis tshua muaj . Nws tsuas cuam tshuam rau ib tug ntawm 100,000 tus menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 10 xyoo. Yog li koj tuaj yeem pom tias nws tsis tshua muaj.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob Autoimmune Neutropenia yog dab tsi?

Kab mob Autoimmune Neutropenia tsis yog ib txwm ua rau muaj cov tsos mob loj. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum koj yuav pom cov cim qhia tias muaj kab mob. Piv txwv li:

• Kab mob pob ntseg: Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob feem ntau. Xav txog koj tus me nyuam yaus pheej mob pob ntseg, thiab thaum koj mus ntsib kws kho mob, lawv qhia koj tias nws yog lwm yam kab mob pob ntseg.
• Kab mob ua pa: Mob khaub thuas ntau zaus, hnoos, thiab kub taub hau.
• Kab mob hauv qhov ncauj: Tej yam xws li mob qhov ncauj thiab mob gingivitis.
• Kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
• Mob ntsws o.
• Mob hlwb.
• Kab mob ntawm txoj hlab zis (UTIs).
• Sepsis: Qhov no yog ib qho kab mob loj heev, uas ua rau tuag taus.

Cov kab mob uas cuam tshuam nrog AIN thawj zaug feem ntau tsis hnyav heev, tab sis cov kab mob loj xws li mob ntsws, mob hlwb meningitis, thiab sepsis feem ntau tshwm sim hauv AIN theem ob.

Dab tsi ua rau muaj cov kab mob autoimmune neutropenia?

AIN raug cais ua thawj zaug lossis thib ob nyob ntawm seb qhov ua rau cov neutrophil qis.

Kab mob ntshav qis qis (Primary Autoimmune Neutropenia)

Hauv thawj AIN, cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsom thiab rhuav tshem cov neutrophils. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog ib hom protein hauv peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Lawv txoj haujlwm ib txwm yog rhuav tshem cov tshuaj lom, xws li cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob me me, uas nkag mus rau hauv lub cev. Tab sis tam sim no, cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tsis tau paub meej tias vim li cas peb cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiaj li tawm tsam cov neutrophils no.

Kab mob ntshav qis thib ob (Secondary AIN)

Hauv AIN theem ob, tus naj npawb ntawm cov neutrophils raug txo qis vim yog lwm yam ua rau lossis mob. Qhov no ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob rhuav tshem cov neutrophils.

Qee yam uas yuav ua rau qhov no yog:

• Lwm yam kab mob autoimmune: Piv txwv li suav nrog mob rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, thiab autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
• Mob qog noj ntshav: Piv txwv li, 'mob leukemia lymphocyte loj granular'.
• Cov kab mob: Cov kab mob xws li 'HIV', 'Parvovirus', 'hepatitis B'.
• Cov qog nqaij hlav: Zoo li 'Wilms qog nqaij hlav', 'Hodgkin's kab mob'.
• Cov kab mob ntawm lub paj hlwb: Piv txwv li, ntau yam sclerosis.
• Kev hloov raum lossis pob txha.
• Qee cov tshuaj: Tshwj xeeb yog qee cov tshuaj chemotherapy uas tau muab rau mob qog noj ntshav.

Yuav kuaj mob Autoimmune Neutropenia li cas? (Kev kuaj mob)

Thaum koj kub taub hau lossis muaj kab mob, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom tias koj cov neutrophil tsawg thaum lub sijhawm kuaj ntshav kom paub qhov ua rau. Kev kuaj mob AIN tuaj yeem nyuaj me ntsis, vim muaj ntau yam ua rau. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj mob AIN tom qab txiav txim siab lwm yam mob uas yuav ua rau koj cov neutrophil qis.

Yuav kom kuaj mob lossis saib xyuas 'Autoimmune Neutropenia', koj tus kws kho mob yuav ua cov kev kuaj mob hauv qab no:

• Kev suav cov ntshav tag nrho (CBC): CBC tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas tus naj npawb ntawm cov neutrophils hauv koj cov ntshav. Vim tias cov qib no tuaj yeem sib txawv, koj tus kws kho mob feem ntau yuav ua ntau dua ib qho CBC los lees paub qhov neutropenia thiab saib xyuas koj cov neutrophil theem. CBCs tsis tu ncua kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab txiav txim siab seb koj tus AIN puas yog mob ntev.
• Kev kuaj ntshav ntawm cov hlab ntsha sab nraud: Yuav kuaj cov ntshav hauv qab lub tshuab microscope kom paub seb cov neutrophils zoo li cas thiab zoo li cas. Qhov no kuj pab tau rau kev kuaj mob.
• Kev kuaj Vitamin B12, folate, thiab tooj liab: Cov kev kuaj no tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov as-ham no. Lub cev xav tau cov no los tsim cov neutrophils.
• Kev kuaj mob siab: Cov no kuj tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub siab thiab seb puas muaj kab mob siab viral hepatitis.
• HIV thiab lwm yam kev tshawb fawb txog tus kab mob sib kis: Cov kab mob sib kis xws li HIV kuj tuaj yeem ua rau cov qe ntshav dawb txo qis.
• Kev ntsuas cov kua dej hauv lub cev (flow cytometry): Qhov no yog kev kuaj hauv chav kuaj uas saib cov qe ntshav seb puas muaj cov cim qhia tias muaj kab mob. Nws yog siv los txiav txim seb cov qe ntshav dawb puas yog los ntawm tus kab mob autoimmune.
• Kev Thaij Duab: Yog tias muaj kev xav tias AIN yog los ntawm mob qog noj ntshav xws li lymphoma, kev kuaj MRI lossis CT yuav raug ua.
• Kev rho cov pob txha thiab kuaj cov nqaij hauv lub cev: Ntawm no, tus kws kho mob yuav coj ib qho qauv me me ntawm cov pob txha thiab kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj cov cim qhia tias muaj kab mob. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab txiav txim siab seb cov neutropenia puas yog los ntawm mob qog ntshav, xws li mob leukemia.

Koj tus kws kho mob kuj tseem yuav kom kuaj ntshav seb puas muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv koj cov ntshav uas tawm tsam cov neutrophils. Cov kev kuaj feem ntau yog I-GIFT (Kev kuaj Indirect granulocyte immunofluorescence) thiab GAT (Kev kuaj Granulocyte agglutination).

Tu siab kawg li, cov kev kuaj no tsis yog ib txwm txhim khu kev qha hauv kev kuaj pom AIN. Nyob ntawm seb qhov ua rau koj cov neutropenia thiab lub sijhawm kuaj, cov kev kuaj no yuav tsis pom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lossis yuav muab cov txiaj ntsig cuav. Qhov tshwm sim cuav yog thaum qhov kev kuaj qhia tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj nyob thaum lawv tsis muaj.

Yog tias tus kws kho mob xav tias cov neutropenia yog los ntawm ib qho mob tshwj xeeb, nws yuav hais kom kuaj ntxiv.

Yuav kho tus kab mob Autoimmune Neutropenia li cas?

Kev kho mob nyob ntawm seb koj tus mob hnyav npaum li cas. Piv txwv li, tus menyuam mos uas tsis muaj tsos mob neutropenia tsuas yog yuav tsum muaj CBCs thiab neutrophil suav tas li, tab sis tej zaum yuav tsis xav tau kev kho mob tam sim ntawd. Yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj kev kis kab mob ntau zaus, koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv kom siv tshuaj tua kab mob los tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob feem ntau yog muab los kho kev kis kab mob, tab sis cov tshuaj tua kab mob no yog muab los tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob kom tsis txhob tshwm sim.

Rau ib tug neeg uas muaj tus kab mob AIN theem ob, tus kws kho mob yuav kho qhov mob uas ua rau cov neutrophil qis. Lawv kuj tseem yuav sau ntawv rau cov hauv qab no:

• Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF): Qhov no yog kev kho mob tseem ceeb rau cov mob hnyav ntawm neutropenia. Nws pab lub cev tsim ntau neutrophils. G-CSF kuj tseem tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob ntau zaus uas cuam tshuam nrog primary AIN.
• Corticosteroids: Corticosteroids, xws li prednisone, tiv thaiv koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, txo cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas tawm tsam neutrophils.
• Lwm yam kev kho mob: Lwm cov tshuaj xws li IVIG, rituximab, thiab alemtuzumab kuj tau siv rau cov neeg mob uas mob hnyav heev uas muaj cov kab mob autoimmune neutropenia hnyav.

Puas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tus kab mob Autoimmune Neutropenia?

Tsis yog Primary AIN lossis Secondary AIN yeej tiv thaiv tau . Txawm li cas los xij, koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov teeb meem uas cuam tshuam nrog 'Autoimmune Neutropenia', uas yog, kev loj hlob ntawm kev kis kab mob. Yuav ua li no, koj yuav tsum ua cov kauj ruam tsim nyog los tiv thaiv koj tus kheej ntawm kev kis kab mob. Piv txwv li, zam cov chaw muaj neeg coob coob, ntxuav koj txhais tes ntau zaus, thiab nyob deb ntawm cov neeg mob.

Ib tug neeg uas muaj tus kab mob Autoimmune Neutropenia yuav xav tau lub neej yav tom ntej zoo li cas?

Feem ntau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj tus kab mob AIN thawj zaug yuav zoo li qub . Kwv yees li 95% ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj tus kab mob AIN yuav rov qab zoo li qub thaum lawv muaj hnub nyoog ob txog peb xyoos. Yuav luag txhua tus menyuam yaus uas muaj tus kab mob AIN thawj zaug yuav zoo tag nrho thaum lawv muaj hnub nyoog 11 xyoos. Qhov no ua rau lawv ntseeg siab tiag tiag, puas yog?

Hauv lwm cov xwm txheej, hu ua secondary AIN, koj txoj kev rov zoo nyob ntawm ntau yam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov mob uas ua rau koj cov neutropenia. Kev kho tus mob ntawd thiab tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob tuaj yeem pab coj koj cov lej neutrophil rov qab mus rau qhov qub.

Thaum twg kuv yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab kho mob?

Yog tias koj muaj tus kab mob autoimmune neutropenia hnyav heev thiab kub taub hau, mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd . Qee zaum, koj tus kws kho mob yuav tau sau tshuaj tua kab mob ua ntej kom noj yog tias koj kub taub hau. Feem ntau, koj yuav tsum tau mus kho mob hauv tsev kho mob.

Yog tias koj muaj mob autoimmune neutropenia hnyav thiab ntev, koj tus kws kho mob yuav piav qhia rau koj txog cov tsos mob uas koj yuav tsum paub thiab koj tuaj yeem ua dab tsi los tiv thaiv cov teeb meem.

Nco ntsoov: Yog tias koj lossis koj tus menyuam raug kuaj pom tias muaj AIN, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog seb nws cuam tshuam li cas rau koj. Txawm hais tias cov tsos mob thiab ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv, qhov xov xwm zoo yog tias kev kho mob zoo li G-CSF muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev nce qib neutrophil.

Yog koj tus menyuam muaj AIN, mus kuaj ntshav tsis tu ncua raws li koj tus kws kho mob qhia. Saib xyuas seb puas muaj cov cim qhia tias muaj kab mob, thiab nrhiav kev kho mob sai li sai tau yog tias koj pom muaj, kom tiv thaiv cov teeb meem uas yuav tshwm sim.

Cov Lus Qhia Txog (Cov Lus Qhia Coj Mus Tsev)

Zoo, yog li kuv vam tias koj tam sim no nkag siab zoo dua txog 'AIN' uas peb tau tham txog.

• AIN yog ib qho mob uas peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob rhuav tshem peb cov qe ntshav dawb hu ua 'neutrophils'.
• Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus (Primary AIN) lossis rau cov neeg laus (Secondary AIN). Primary AIN rau cov menyuam yaus feem ntau yuav ploj mus.
• Qhov kev pheej hmoo tseem ceeb yog kev kis kab mob ntau zaus.
• Muaj kev kuaj ntshav thiab lwm yam kev kuaj mob los kuaj mob.
• Kev kho mob suav nrog kev soj ntsuam, tshuaj tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob, G-CSF, thiab corticosteroids.
• Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tsis txhob ntshai lossis ntshai heev thiab nrhiav kev pab kho mob yog tias koj lossis koj tus menyuam muaj cov tsos mob no. Yog tias kuaj pom ntxov thiab tswj tau zoo, koj tuaj yeem ua neej noj qab nyob zoo txawm tias muaj AIN.

Yog koj muaj lus nug ntxiv txog qhov no, nco ntsoov nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham. Lawv yog cov uas tuaj yeem muab cov lus qhia zoo tshaj plaws rau koj.

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