Thaum peb hnov lo lus "mob qog noj ntshav," peb txhua tus ntshai me ntsis, puas yog? Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum peb hnov lo lus mob qog noj ntshav mis, cov poj niam hauv peb lub teb chaws ntshai heev. Tab sis tsis txhob ntshai. Kev tshawb fawb kho mob niaj hnub nce qib. Cov txheej txheem tshiab tau raug qhia rau lub ntiaj teb kom kuaj pom mob qog noj ntshav mis thaum ntxov thiab kho nws kom zoo dua. Yog li hnub no, cia peb tham txog cov txheej txheem tshiab, muaj kev cia siab no. Kev paub cov no yuav tseem ceeb heev rau koj thiab koj cov neeg hlub.
Cov txheej txheem scanning tshiab tshaj plaws los nrhiav mob qog noj ntshav
Feem ntau peb ua mammogram thiab ultrasound los kuaj seb puas muaj mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis. Qee zaum cov kws kho mob kuj pom zoo kom ua MRI scan. Tab sis cov kws tshawb fawb tam sim no tab tom nrhiav kev scans uas nyuaj dua thiab raug dua.
Hais yooj yim xwb, cov no yog cov txheej txheem siv thev naus laus zis siab heev, meej heev rau kev txheeb xyuas cov hlwb qog noj ntshav.
- Kev Siv Duab Los Ntawm Qhov Muag: Qhov no suav nrog kev ci ib lub teeb tshwj xeeb hla lub mis. Qhov kev kuaj ntsuas qhov ntau ntawm lub teeb uas rov qab los yog mus ncig los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Kev tshawb fawb tam sim no tab tom ua kom pom tias txoj kev no puas tuaj yeem ua ke nrog MRI lossis 3D mammograms kom pom tseeb dua.
- Kev Siv Duab Mis Molecular (MBI): Qhov no yog qhov uas muaj qee yam zoo kawg nkaus tshwm sim. Muaj tshuaj radioactive me me (tracer) txhaj rau hauv lub cev los ntawm cov leeg ntshav. Cov tshuaj no mus ncaj qha rau cov hlwb mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis thiab lo rau lawv. Tom qab ntawd, thaum koj saib nws nrog lub koob yees duab tshwj xeeb, koj tuaj yeem pom qhov twg cov hlwb mob qog noj ntshav nyob. Tam sim no lawv tab tom saib seb txoj kev no puas siv tau los ua qhov kev xeem no ntxiv rau kev kuaj mammogram rau cov poj niam uas muaj lub mis tuab thiab los tshuaj xyuas cov qog uas pom ntawm daim mammogram.
- Positron Emission Mammography (PEM): Qhov no zoo ib yam li MBI, tab sis siv cov tshuaj radioactive uas txuas nrog cov suab thaj los nrhiav cov hlwb qog noj ntshav. Txoj kev no siv tau thaum MRI ua tsis tau.
- Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob Impedance Tomography (EIT): Cov qe ntshav dawb hauv lub mis ua hluav taws xob txawv ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb ib txwm muaj. Qhov ntawd puas zoo kawg nkaus? Qhov kev kuaj no nrhiav qhov txawv ntawd. Nws ntsuas qhov txawv los ntawm kev xa cov hluav taws xob me me los ntawm cov electrodes me me uas muab tso rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Kev Txawj Ntse Dag (AI) thiab Kev Kuaj Mammogram
Koj puas paub tias yav dhau los, tsuas yog tus kws kho mob xoo hluav taws xob thiaj li txiav txim siab seb daim mammogram puas tsis muaj mob qog noj ntshav raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm daim mammogram? Tab sis tib neeg tuaj yeem ua yuam kev. Kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm cov neeg uas muaj daim mammogram txhua xyoo rau 10 xyoo yuav tau txais qhov tsis tseeb , txhais tau tias lawv tsis muaj mob qog noj ntshav, tsawg kawg ib zaug hauv lawv lub neej. Thiab ntawm 10% thiab 30% yuav tau txais qhov tsis tseeb , txhais tau tias lawv tsis muaj mob qog noj ntshav.
Tam sim no muaj ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo meej rau qhov no. Qhov ntawd yog kev txawj ntse ntawm tes, lossis raws li peb txhua tus paub, 'Kev Txawj Ntse Ntawm Tes (AI)'.
Tam sim no, cov software AI no tau siv los pab cov kws kho mob. Cov AI no tuaj yeem kawm txog ntau txhiab tus mammograms thiab ntes tau txawm tias qhov kev hloov pauv me tshaj plaws uas tib neeg lub qhov muag yuav tsis pom. Tab sis qhov no tsis tau txhais hais tias AI tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws kho mob. Nrog rau cov thev naus laus zis tam sim no, AI tsis tuaj yeem hloov tus kws kho mob. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog tias thaum tus kws kho mob txoj kev paub thiab kev txawj ntse ntawm AI raug ua ke, mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem pom tseeb dua thiab sai dua .
Kev Kho Mob Rau Lub Hom Phiaj
Yav dhau los, mob qog noj ntshav tau kho nrog tshuaj chemotherapy. Tshuaj chemotherapy yog ib txoj kev kho mob uas cuam tshuam rau txhua lub hlwb uas faib sai hauv lub cev. Qhov no txhais tau tias nws tsis yog cuam tshuam rau cov hlwb qog noj ntshav xwb, tab sis kuj cuam tshuam rau cov hlwb noj qab haus huv xws li cov hlwb plaub hau thiab cov hlwb ntshav. Qhov no yog qhov laj thawj rau cov kev phiv ntxiv.
Tab sis tam sim no muaj kev kho mob tshiab hu ua '(Targeted Therapy)'. Qhov no tshwj xeeb heev. Qee cov hlwb mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis muaj cov protein tshwj xeeb hu ua 'HER2' ntawm lawv qhov chaw ntau heev. Kev kho mob Targeted tsuas yog nrhiav pom cov hlwb mob qog noj ntshav uas muaj cov protein 'HER2' ntawd thiab tawm tsam lawv. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj me ntsis rau cov hlwb noj qab haus huv.
| Txoj kev kho mob | Nws ua haujlwm li cas |
|---|---|
| Kev Kho Mob Chemotherapy Ib Txwm Muaj | Nws cuam tshuam rau txhua lub hlwb uas faib sai sai hauv lub cev (mob qog noj ntshav thiab noj qab nyob zoo). |
| Kev Kho Mob Rau Lub Hom Phiaj | Lawv tsuas yog tsom thiab tawm tsam cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov hlwb qog noj ntshav (piv txwv li, cov protein HER2). Lawv ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj tsawg dua rau cov hlwb noj qab haus huv. |
Niaj hnub nim no muaj ntau hom kev kho mob uas tsom mus rau tus neeg mob. `Trastuzumab (Herceptin)` thiab `Pertuzumab (Perjeta)` tsuas yog ob peb yam xwb. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab seb kev kho mob twg zoo tshaj plaws rau koj.
'Kev Kuaj Mob Liquid Biopsy': Nrhiav Tau Mob Cancer Nrog Ib Qho Ntshav
Thaum peb xav txog kev kuaj mob qog nqaij hlav, peb xav txog kev txiav ib daim nqaij me me ntawm qhov chaw uas muaj kev xav tias muaj qog nqaij hlav thiab kuaj nws. Tab sis xav seb nws yuav yooj yim npaum li cas yog tias peb tuaj yeem nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv hais txog mob qog nqaij hlav los ntawm kev kuaj ntshav yooj yim? Qhov ntawd yog qhov hu ua "Kev kuaj mob qog nqaij hlav ua kua."
Thaum koj muaj mob qog noj ntshav, cov DNA me me uas tawg lawm yuav sib sau ua ke hauv koj cov ntshav. Qhov no hu ua "Circulating Tumor DNA". Kev kuaj ntshav los ntawm kua dej yuav nrhiav cov DNA qog noj ntshav hauv cov ntshav kuaj. Qhov no muaj ntau yam zoo:
- Kev hloov pauv (kev hloov pauv) hauv mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem pom tau sai thaum lub sijhawm kho mob .
- Yog li ntawd, cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem hloov pauv txoj kev kho mob sai sai thiab muab kev kho mob zoo dua.
- Qee zaum qhov no kuj pab kom paub thaum ntxov seb tus mob qog noj ntshav puas rov qab los tom qab phais.
Txawm hais tias txoj kev no tseem nyob rau theem tshawb fawb, txhua tus ntseeg tias nws yuav tseem ceeb heev rau yav tom ntej hauv kev tswj hwm mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis.
Kev daws teeb meem rau mob qog noj ntshav los ntawm nanotechnology
Nanotechnology yog ib qho kev tshawb fawb uas siv cov khoom me me uas me dhau uas tsis pom nrog lub qhov muag liab qab. Qhov no yog ib qho kev pab zoo heev rau kev kho mob qog noj ntshav.
Xav txog seb koj puas tuaj yeem xa ib pob khoom mus rau qhov chaw nyob zoo, zoo li tus neeg xa khoom, los ntawm kev muab cov tshuaj chemotherapy tso rau hauv cov nanoparticles thiab xa ncaj qha mus rau lub cell mob qog noj ntshav? Qhov ntawd yog qhov nanotechnology ua. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov no yog tias cov tshuaj chemotherapy ncaj qha rhuav tshem cov cell mob qog noj ntshav yam tsis ua rau cov nqaij noj qab haus huv nyob ib puag ncig puas tsuaj. Qhov no txo cov kev mob tshwm sim thiab ua rau kev kho mob zoo dua.
Kev Sim Tshuaj Kho Mob
Muaj kev sim tshuaj kho mob thoob plaws ntiaj teb los sim cov tshuaj tshiab thiab kev kho mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov kev sim no yog nrhiav kev kho mob uas zoo dua, muaj tsawg dua cov kev phiv, thiab tsis ua rau tus neeg mob tsis xis nyob .
Kev koom nrog kev sim tshuaj zoo li no yuav muab sijhawm rau koj sim tshuaj tshiab ntau xyoo ua ntej nws yuav tawm hauv khw. Tab sis nws tsis yog rau txhua tus. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog seb nws puas yog rau koj thiab qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo yog dab tsi.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Kab mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis tsis yog ib yam kab mob uas yuav tsum ntshai thiab zais ntawm. Kev tshawb fawb kho mob tau nce qib heev tam sim no, yog li cia siab rau koj tus kheej.
- Cov txheej txheem scanning tshiab xws li AI thiab MBI tau ua rau nws muaj peev xwm kuaj pom mob qog noj ntshav sai dua thiab raug dua.
- Ua tsaug rau tej yam xws li kev kho mob tsom mus rau ib qho thiab nanotechnology, tam sim no nws muaj peev xwm tau txais kev kho mob zoo nrog tsawg dua cov kev mob tshwm sim.
- Cov txheej txheem zoo li Kev Siv Kua Biopsy yuav yog ib qho kev pab zoo hauv kev npaj kev kho mob yav tom ntej.
- Yog koj lossis ib tug neeg koj hlub muaj kev xav tias muaj mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis, mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd . Tham nrog nws txog kev kho mob tshiab thiab yam zoo tshaj plaws rau koj.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus