Nqhis dej tas li, tso zis tas li? Qhov no puas yog mob Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI)? Cia peb tham!

Koj puas raws plab nrog dej thoob plaws hnub? Txawm koj haus dej ntau npaum li cas los xij, nws tsis tshwm sim? Koj puas yuav tsum sawv ntau zaus, qee zaum thaum hmo ntuj, mus tso zis? Txawm tias thaum koj ua li ntawd los xij, koj puas tso zis ntau xim dawb, dej? Yog li qhov no yuav tseem ceeb rau koj. Peb hu qhov mob no ua Central Diabetes Insipidus, lossis 'Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI)'. Txawm hais tias nws muaj "ntshav qab zib" hauv lub npe, qhov no tsis yog ntshav qab zib mellitus uas peb txhua tus paub. Cia peb tham txog qhov no kom meej.

Kab mob ntshav qab zib nruab nrab (CDI) yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, 'Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI)' yog ib yam mob uas tsis tshua muaj. Qhov uas tshwm sim yog koj lub cev tsis muaj txaus ntawm Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) , qee zaum hu ua Vasopressin . Cov tshuaj ADH no pab tswj cov dej hauv peb lub cev. Thaum cov tshuaj no qis, lub raum pib tso dej ntau dua los ua zis. Yog li, koj tso zis ntau thiab xav tias o heev.

Cov tshuaj hormone ADH no yog tsim los ntawm hypothalamus hauv peb lub hlwb. Txawm li cas los xij, nws raug khaws cia thiab tso tawm thaum xav tau los ntawm lwm lub qog me me hauv lub hlwb , lub qog pituitary . Yog li, yog tias muaj kev puas tsuaj rau hypothalamus lossis pituitary gland, CDI tuaj yeem tshwm sim.

Yog koj muaj CDI, yog koj tsis haus dej txaus los hloov cov dej uas koj poob los ntawm cov zis, koj tuaj yeem qhuav dej . Qhov no txaus ntshai heev.

Tej tus neeg yuav muaj hom CDI hnyav dua, uas txhais tau tias ADH hormone tsis ua haujlwm zoo. Qhov no hu ua 'complete CDI'. Lwm tus yuav muaj hom mob tsis hnyav dua, uas txhais tau tias ADH hormone ua haujlwm rau qee qhov. Qhov no hu ua 'partial CDI'.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog, thaum koj hnov ​​lub npe 'Diabetes Insipidus', tsis txhob xav tias nws yog 'Diabetes Mellitus'. Ob qho mob no muaj lo lus 'diabetes' vim tias ob qho mob no muaj cov tsos mob zoo ib yam li nqhis dej ntau dhau thiab tso zis ntau zaus. Lo lus 'diabetes' los ntawm lo lus Greek 'diabainein'. Nws txhais tau tias 'dhau mus'. Ib yam li dej hla lub cev sai sai thiab raug tso tawm ua zis.

Muaj plaub hom kab mob "Diabetes Insipidus" tseem ceeb:

• Kab mob ntshav qab zib nruab nrab (Central Diabetes Insipidus - CDI) - Qhov no yog hom kab mob uas peb tab tom tham txog uas pom ntau tshaj plaws.
• Kab mob ntshav qab zib nephrogenic insipidus - Lub raum tsis teb rau ADH.
• 'Dipsogenic Diabetes Insipidus' - Vim yog lub siab xav haus dej ntau dhau.
• 'Gestational Diabetes Insipidus' - Ib qho mob ib ntus uas tshwm sim thaum cev xeeb tub.

ADH (antidiuretic hormone) no yog dab tsi?

ADH, lossis vasopressin, yog, raws li tau hais ua ntej lawm, ib yam tshuaj hormones uas koj lub hypothalamus tsim thiab khaws cia thiab tso tawm los ntawm koj lub qog pituitary.Lawv zoo li cov tshuaj xa xov uas sib koom tes ua haujlwm ntawm peb lub cev. Cov no mus ncig los ntawm cov ntshav thiab nqa cov lus mus rau peb cov kabmob, cov leeg, thiab lwm yam nqaij. Cov cim no qhia rau lub cev tias yuav ua li cas thiab yuav ua thaum twg.

Lub hypothalamus yog ib feem ntawm peb lub hlwb uas tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb autonomic thiab lub qog pituitary. Nws ua ADH thiab xa nws mus rau lub qog pituitary kom khaws cia thiab tso tawm thaum xav tau.

Lub qog pituitary yog ib lub qog me me nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub hlwb, hauv qab hypothalamus. Nws yog ib feem ntawm peb lub endocrine system. Nws txoj haujlwm yog los tsim, khaws cia, thiab tso tawm ntau cov tshuaj hormones tseem ceeb. ADH yog khaws cia thiab tso tawm los ntawm lub qog pituitary posterior.

ADH feem ntau tswj cov dej uas peb lub raum nqus rov qab rau hauv peb lub cev thaum lawv lim cov khoom pov tseg ntawm peb cov ntshav, yog li ntawd tswj cov dej kom sib npaug hauv lub cev. Feem ntau, thaum koj lub cev qhuav dej lossis koj cov ntshav siab qis, koj lub cev tsim thiab tso tawm ntau ADH. Qhov no qhia rau lub raum kom "khaws cov dej hauv koj lub cev, tsis txhob tso nws tawm hauv cov zis."

Yog li, hauv CDI, hypothalamus tsis tsim ADH txaus, lossis lub qog pituitary tsis tso ADH txaus. Qhov no yog vim li cas thiaj muaj zis ntau zaus.

Qhov txawv ntawm Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI) thiab Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus yog dab tsi?

Cov tsos mob ntawm ob yam mob no zoo sib xws: tso zis ntau dhau thiab haus dej ntau dhau. Qhov txawv yog nyob ntawm qhov ua rau thiab kev kho mob ntawm ob yam mob no.

Kab mob ntshav qab zib nephrogenic insipidus tshwm sim thaum koj lub qog pituitary tso tawm ADH txaus, tab sis koj lub raum tsis teb zoo. Qhov no txhais tau tias koj lub raum tsis tuaj yeem khaws dej. Muaj ntau yam ua rau qhov no:

• Qee cov tshuaj, piv txwv li lithium thiab tetracycline .
• Cov ntshav potassium qis (Hypokalemia) .
• Kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov calcium hauv cov ntshav (Hypercalcemia) .
• Kev thaiv txoj hlab zis.

Kab mob ntshav qab zib hauv nruab nrab (CDI) yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub hypothalamus lossis pituitary gland, uas tsis tsim ADH txaus. Feem ntau nws yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub hypothalamus lossis pituitary gland. Qhov kev puas tsuaj no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm tej yam xws li raug mob taub hau, phais, o, lossis qog nqaij hlav.

Leej twg thiaj kis tau CDI? Nws muaj pes tsawg zaus?

Kab mob Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI) tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau txhua lub hnub nyoog, tab sis nws feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm hnub nyoog 10 thiab 20 xyoo .

CDI yog ib yam mob tsis tshua muaj, tsuas cuam tshuam li ib ntawm 25,000 tus neeg xwb .

Cov tsos mob ntawm CDI yog dab tsi?

Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm 'Central Diabetes Insipidus' (CDI) yog:

• Tso zis ntau zaus, txawm tias thaum hmo ntuj.
• Tso zis ntau ntau xim dawb los yog xim ntshiab txhua zaus.
• Xav tias nkees thiab nqhis dej heev , yog li haus dej tsis tu ncua.

Txawm hais tias ib tug neeg ib txwm tso zis li ib mus rau ob liv ib hnub, ib tug neeg uas muaj CDI tuaj yeem tso zis tau txog li 19 liv (20 quarts) ib hnub ! Xav seb qhov ntawd yuav ntau npaum li cas!

Cov tsos mob ntawm cov menyuam yaus

Cov menyuam mos uas muaj CDI kuj tseem yuav muaj cov tsos mob zoo li no:

• Tsis tu ncua kev ntxhov siab thiab kev chim siab.
• Kev qaug zog.
• Ntuav.
• Cem quav.
• Ua npaws.

Cov tsos mob ntawm lub cev qhuav dej

Yog tias tsis kho tus kab mob CDI, lossis yog tias ib tus neeg uas muaj tus kab mob CDI tsis haus dej txaus, qhov dej qhuav tuaj yeem tshwm sim sai sai. Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov dej qhuav muaj xws li:

• Kiv taub hau, xav tias lub taub hau me me.
• Nkees lawm.
• Qhov ncauj qhuav, daim di ncauj, qhov muag.
• Nyuaj ua cov haujlwm yooj yim hauv hlwb.
• Xeev siab.
• Tsaus muag.

Yog tias koj nqhis dej ntau dhau thiab tso zis ntau zaus thiab/lossis cov cim qhia tias lub cev qhuav dej, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum mus rau tsev kho mob sai li sai tau. Txawm hais tias CDI tsis tshua muaj, nws tsis yog tib qho mob uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov tsos mob no. Kev nqhis dej ntau dhau thiab tso zis ntau zaus yog cov cim qhia tias muaj qee yam tsis ua haujlwm zoo hauv koj lub cev thiab koj xav tau kev kho mob.

Dab tsi yog cov ua rau muaj mob Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI)?

Qhov ua rau mob Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI) yog vim tsis muaj tag nrho lossis ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj hormone ADH. Qhov tsis txaus no feem ntau yog los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau koj lub hypothalamus, pituitary gland, lossis cov ntaub so ntswg uas txuas ob lub hlwb (pituitary stalk). Qee qhov ua rau muaj xws li:

• Kev puas tsuaj rau lub hypothalamus lossis pituitary gland vim yog kev phais.
• Kev puas tsuaj rau lub hypothalamus lossis pituitary gland vim raug mob taub hau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pob txha taub hau basal.
• Kev o (granulomas) tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob xws li sarcoidosis lossis tuberculosis .
• Cov qog nqaij hlav xws li craniopharyngioma lossis germinoma .
• Langerhans cell histiocytosis (qhov no yog ib qho kab mob tsis tshua muaj uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov nqaij puas tsuaj lossis ua rau muaj qhov caws pliav hauv ib lossis ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub cev).
• Kev hloov pauv caj ces uas tau txais los ntawm noob caj noob ces ntawm chromosome 20 (qhov no tsis tshua muaj heev - tsawg dua 100 tus neeg mob tau tshaj tawm hauv cov ntaub ntawv kho mob).

Kwv yees li ib feem peb ntawm cov neeg mob CDI, cov kws kho mob tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav tau qhov ua rau mob no. Qhov no hu ua idiopathic central diabetes insipidus (CDI).Cov kws tshawb fawb xav tias qee kis ntawm idiopathic CDI tej zaum yuav yog los ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob autoimmune. Hauv cov mob autoimmune, koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob pib tawm tsam cov nqaij noj qab haus huv. Hauv qhov no, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yuav tsim cov tshuaj tua kab mob, lossis lymphocytes, uas tawm tsam cov hlwb uas tsim ADH.

CDI kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim ua ib feem ntawm ib qho mob loj dua lossis mob, xws li Wolfram syndrome ( ib qho mob uas tau los ntawm noob caj noob ces) thiab septo-optic dysplasia (ib qho mob tsis tshua muaj ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lub hlwb thaum ntxov).

Koj paub li cas yog tias koj muaj CDI? (Kev kuaj mob)

Vim tias qhov nqhis dej thiab tso zis ntau zaus kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm lwm yam mob, xws li mob ntshav qab zib, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tshem tawm lwm yam mob thaum kuaj mob ntshav qab zib insipidus (CDI). Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob no, koj tus kws kho mob yuav ua ntau qhov kev kuaj mob.

Kev kuaj mob CDI kuj suav nrog kev nrhiav seb yog dab tsi ua rau nws.

Cov kev kuaj twg siv los kuaj mob CDI?

Kev kuaj xyuas kev tsis haus dej yog txoj hauv kev yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab txhim khu kev qha tshaj plaws los kuaj mob CDI. Yog tias koj tus kws kho mob hais kom kuaj qhov no, lawv yuav xyuas kom koj raug saib xyuas ze thaum lub sijhawm kuaj, vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev qhuav dej.

Qhov kev kuaj no yuav tsum tsis txhob haus dej li ob peb teev thiab saib seb koj lub cev teb li cas. Yog tias koj muaj CDI, koj yuav tso zis ntau ntau xim dawb, txawm tias koj feem ntau tso zis daj tsaus me ntsis los xij.

Koj tus kws kho mob kuj tseem yuav xaj cov kev kuaj no los pab kuaj mob CDI thiab txiav txim siab lwm yam mob:

• Kev kuaj ntshav los xyuas seb ADH (antidiuretic hormone) nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntau npaum li cas .
• Kuaj ntshav los xyuas cov qib glucose kom paub tseeb tias tsis muaj mob ntshav qab zib.
• Kev kuaj zis kom paub qhov concentration (osmolality) ntawm cov zis thiab/lossis kuaj seb puas muaj ketones, uas qhia tau tias muaj ntshav qab zib.
• Yuav kom paub seb koj lub raum teb li cas, koj yuav tau txhaj tshuaj ADH uas tsim los. Cov neeg uas muaj tus kab mob Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus tsis teb rau ADH uas tsim los vim lawv lub raum tsis kam rau cov teebmeem ntawm ADH. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov neeg uas muaj CDI teb rau ADH uas tsim los.
• Cov kev kuaj duab xws li MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) siv tau los txiav txim seb koj lub qog pituitary lossis hypothalamus puas raug puas tsuaj, thiab yog tias muaj, qhov ua rau yog dab tsi.

Cov kev kho mob rau CDI yog dab tsi?

Kev kho mob rau CDI nyob ntawm seb qhov hnyav ntawm ADH hormone deficiency li cas.

Koj muaj CDI tag nrho.Yog tias yog li ntawd, desmopressin yog thawj txoj kev kho mob. Qhov no yog ib yam tshuaj uas ua haujlwm zoo li cov tshuaj hormone ADH. Koj tuaj yeem noj desmopressin ua ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj, ua ib qho tshuaj ntsiav, lossis ua ib qho tshuaj tsuag rau qhov ntswg.

Yog tias koj muaj ib feem ntawm CDI , uas txhais tau tias ADH ntuj tseem ua haujlwm rau qee qhov, koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv rau lwm yam tshuaj, xws li hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) .

Ua kev kho mob rau cov menyuam mos uas muaj CDI, muab mis nyuj los yog mis niam uas sib xyaw nrog dej thiab muab hydrochlorothiazide rau.

Puas muaj tej yam tshwm sim ntawm Desmopressin?

Feem ntau, Desmopressin yog ib yam tshuaj uas muaj kev nyab xeeb heev thiab muaj ob peb yam kev phiv. Tej zaum yuav muaj cov kev phiv xws li:

• Mob taub hau.
• Mob plab.
• Xeev siab.
• Qhov ntswg txhaws los yog ntswg ntws.
• Los ntshav ntswg.

Yog koj noj tshuaj desmopressin ntau dhau, lossis yog koj haus dej ntau dhau thaum koj noj nws, koj lub cev yuav khaws dej ntau dhau. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov tsos mob xws li:

• Mob taub hau.
• Kiv taub hau.
• Kev o.
• Cov ntsev (sodium) tsawg hauv cov ntshav (Hyponatremia) .

Cov tsos mob ntawm Hyponatremia:

• Mob taub hau hnyav lossis ntev heev.
• Kev tsis meej pem.
• Xeev siab thiab ntuav.

Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm hyponatremia, koj yuav tsum hu rau 911 lossis mus rau chav kho mob ceev ze tshaj plaws sai li sai tau.

Ib tug neeg uas muaj CDI yuav ua li cas thiaj tswj tau qhov no?

Yog koj muaj CDI, ntxiv rau kev kho mob, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum haus dej tsis tu ncua kom tsis txhob qhuav dej.

Nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tsis tu ncua kom paub tseeb tias koj txoj kev kho mob ua haujlwm zoo thiab qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj uas tau sau tseg yog qhov tseeb.

Cov yam uas ua rau muaj tus kab mob CDI yog dab tsi?

Tu siab kawg li, feem ntau cov neeg mob uas muaj tus kab mob Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI) tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau. Tej yam uas ua rau muaj tus kab mob CDI muaj xws li:

• Kev phais hlwb.
• Muaj keeb kwm tsev neeg muaj mob ntshav qab zib insipidus thiab/lossis Wolfram syndrome.
• Kev raug mob taub hau.
• Kab mob hauv lub hlwb.

Tus neeg uas muaj CDI txoj kev noj qab haus huv zoo li cas? (Kev kwv yees)

Feem ntau, kev kwv yees rau ib tus neeg uas muaj tus kab mob "Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI)" zoo, thiab yog tias kho kom zoo thiab haus dej txaus, nws yuav tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem loj.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov menyuam yaus, cov neeg laus, thiab cov neeg uas muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub hlwb muaj feem ntau dua ntawm kev mob nkeeg thiab kev tuag vim tias lawv yuav muaj teeb meem paub txog lawv qhov kev nqhis dej lossis ua ib yam dab tsi.

Cov teeb meem uas yuav tshwm sim los ntawm tus kab mob Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI) yog dab tsi?

Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm CDI yogKev qhuav dej . Qhov no txhais tau tias koj lub cev poob dej thiab electrolytes txaus kom ua haujlwm tau zoo. Yog tias koj muaj CDI, koj tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov ntau ntawm cov dej uas koj poob hauv koj cov zis los ntawm kev haus dej ntau. Tab sis yog tias koj tsis ua, koj tuaj yeem qhuav dej sai sai.

Kev qhuav dej yog qhov txaus ntshai, txawm tias ua rau tuag taus. Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm kev qhuav dej, xws li kiv taub hau, xeev siab, thiab qaug zog, mus rau tsev kho mob ze tshaj plaws sai li sai tau.

Yog tias CDI rau cov menyuam mos tsis raug kho , qhov kev qhuav dej ntau zaus tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem xws li:

• Qaug dab peg.
• Kev puas tsuaj rau lub hlwb.
• Kev loj hlob qeeb.
• Kev loj hlob qeeb.

Yog tias CDI tsis kho rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus, cov teeb meem xws li:

• Lub plawv dhia tsis sib xws (Arrhythmia) .
• Ua npaws.
• Tawv nqaij thiab cov ntaub so ntswg qhuav (piv txwv li, sab hauv qhov ncauj, qhov ntswg).
• Qaug dab peg.
• Coma.

Cov neeg laus uas muaj CDI yuav muaj tus mob hu ua orthostatic hypotension , uas yog qhov ntshav siab poob qis tam sim ntawd thaum sawv lossis zaum. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau kiv taub hau lossis tsis nco qab ib ntus.

Thaum twg koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob?

Yog koj muaj mob Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI), nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas koj yuav tsum mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tsis tu ncua kom saib xyuas koj tus mob thiab xyuas kom tseeb tias koj txoj kev kho mob ua haujlwm tau zoo. Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob uas ua rau koj txhawj xeeb, nco ntsoov qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob paub.

Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm lub cev qhuav dej heev, xws li tsis meej pem lossis xeev siab, mus rau chav kho mob ceev ze tshaj plaws sai li sai tau.

Cov lus nug uas yuav tsum nug koj tus kws kho mob

Yog tias koj tau kuaj pom tias muaj mob Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI), nws yuav pab tau yog koj nug koj tus kws kho mob cov lus nug no:

• Vim li cas kuv thiaj li muaj CDI?
• Kuv tus mob CDI puas yog mob ntev los yog mob ib ntus xwb?
• Kuv muaj cov kev kho mob twg?
• Cov txiaj ntsig thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov kev kho mob sib txawv yog dab tsi?
• Kuv yuav tsum haus dej ntau npaum li cas ib hnub?
• Kuv ua tau dab tsi ntxiv los tswj kuv tus mob?
• Puas yog kuv tsev neeg muaj feem yuav mob CDI?

Thaum kawg, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws (Cov Lus Qhia Coj Mus Tsev)

Kab mob ntshav qab zib Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI) yog ib yam mob uas tsis tshua muaj tab sis tej zaum yuav ua rau mob hnyav. Qhov xov xwm zoo yog tias nws kho tau thiab tswj tau.Yog koj muaj CDI, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tsis tu ncua kom paub tseeb tias koj txoj kev kho mob ua haujlwm zoo. Yog tias koj muaj lus nug txog koj tus mob, tsis txhob ntshai nug koj tus kws kho mob. Lawv nyob ntawd los pab koj tswj koj tus mob. Tsis txhob hnov ​​qab haus dej ntau, nws tseem ceeb heev!

` Central Diabetes Insipidus, CDI, ADH, raum, cov tshuaj hormones, tso zis ntau dhau, nqhis dej ntau dhau