Koj puas tau xav tias thaum peb lub cev muaj mob lossis raug mob, muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua loj heev tshwm sim sab hauv kom kho tau? Peb muaj peb pab tub rog txawj ntse heev los tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab xws li cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob uas los ntawm sab nraud peb lub cev. Peb hu qhov no ua lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Yog li yuav tsum muaj ib tus neeg los tswj pab tub rog no, los sib pauv lus, thiab xa lawv mus rau qhov chaw uas cov yeeb ncuab nyob. Cov neeg xa xov zais cia yog cov cytokines uas peb tab tom tham txog hnub no.
Cov cytokines yog dab tsi tiag?
Hais yooj yim xwb, cov cytokines yog cov protein me me uas xa cov lus ntawm cov cell hauv peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Nws zoo li 'WhatsApp pawg' hauv peb lub cev. Thaum muaj kev hem thawj xws li kev kis kab mob lossis kev raug mob los rau hauv lub cev, cov cell tiv thaiv kab mob tso tawm cov lus no hu ua cytokines. Cov lus no qhia rau lwm cov cell tiv thaiv kab mob, "Muaj teeb meem ntawm no, los sai sai!", "Nov yog hom yeeb ncuab uas peb xav tau los tawm tsam," thiab "Ua tub rog ntxiv."
Xav txog ib tug kab mob nkag mus rau hauv koj lub cev. Lub sijhawm ntawd, qee cov cell xa cov lus cytokine no, qhia rau lwm cov cell kom npaj tawm tsam tus kab mob. Qhov no txhais tau tias yog tsis muaj cov lus xa xov me me no, peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yuav tsis ua haujlwm tau zoo. Cov cytokines no pab kom peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob noj qab haus huv, txawm tias tsis muaj kev hem thawj los xij.
Puas muaj cov hom cytokines tseem ceeb no?
Yog, ib yam li muaj cov qib sib txawv hauv pab tub rog, muaj ntau hom cytokines sib txawv. Txhua hom muaj ib txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Cia peb saib qee hom tseem ceeb.
| Hom Cytokine | Yuav ua li cas yooj yim |
|---|---|
| Cov tshuaj Chemokines | Nws zoo li lub 'GPS' rau cov hlwb tiv thaiv kab mob. Nws qhia lawv txoj kev mus rau qhov chaw uas muaj kab mob. |
| Cov tshuaj interferon | Yog tias muaj tus kab mob nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, nws xa ib lub cim ceeb toom mus rau lwm cov hlwb, hais tias, "Muab ib daim ntaub thaiv!" Nws tiv thaiv cov kab mob kom tsis txhob kis rau hauv lub cev. |
| Cov tshuaj Interleukins | Cov no sib pauv cov lus ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb (cov qe ntshav dawb) thiab sib txuas lus nrog lwm cov qe ntshav. |
| Tus kab mob qog nqaij hlav necrosis (TNF) | Nws pab tswj kev o ntawm lub cev thiab tseem ua rau cov hlwb tiv thaiv kab mob tua cov hlwb mob qog noj ntshav. |
| Cov yam tseem ceeb uas ua rau cov kab mob loj hlob (CSF) | Cov no muab cov lus qhia rau cov hlwb hematopoietic, xws li "koj dhau los ua cov qe ntshav dawb," "koj dhau los ua cov qe ntshav liab," thiab hloov lawv mus ua cov hom qe tshwj xeeb. |
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, qee cov cytokines raug muab npe raws li hom cell uas tsim lawv:
- Lymphokines: Tsim los ntawm ib hom qe ntshav dawb hu ua lymphocytes.
- Monokines: Tsim los ntawm ib hom qe ntshav dawb hu ua monocytes.
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cytokines: tswj kev o
Thaum cov neeg feem coob hnov lo lus 'mob o', lawv xav tias nws yog ib yam phem, ib qho cim qhia txog kev mob. Tab sis qhov mob o yog ib qho cim tseem ceeb uas peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tab tom tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab lossis kho cov ntaub so ntswg uas puas lawm. Xav txog yog tias koj txiav koj tus ntiv tes, nws yuav liab, o, thiab kub me ntsis, puas yog? Qhov ntawd yog qhov mob o.
Cov cytokines yog cov uas xa xov mus rau cov hlwb tiv thaiv kab mob, "Muaj teeb meem ntawm no, tuaj sai sai thiab kho qhov txhab no, tiv thaiv cov kab mob kom tsis txhob nkag mus!"
Cytokines feem ntau yog cov cim qhia hauv qab no:
- Kev ua kom cov hlwb ua haujlwm: Qhia cov hlwb kom mus qhov twg thiab ua dab tsi. Piv txwv li, coj cov hlwb tiv thaiv kab mob mus rau qhov chaw muaj kab mob.
- Kev sib txawv ntawm cov hlwb: Ib lub hlwb uas tseem tsis tau loj hlob raug hais kom "ua ib hom hlwb dawb tshwj xeeb uas tuaj yeem tawm tsam tus kab mob no."
- Kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlwb: Ib lub cim qhia kom muaj ntau cov hlwb, lossis ntau cov hlwb. Piv txwv li, lub cim no yog muab thaum xav tau ntau cov hlwb ntshav dawb los tawm tsam kev kis kab mob loj.
Cov cytokines pro-inflammatory thiab anti-inflammatory
Qhov no zoo li lub accelerator thiab lub nres ntawm lub tsheb. Ob qho tib si yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj hwm qhov kev teb ntawm peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Cov cytokines uas ua rau mob: Cov no yog cov khoom ua kom mob sai dua . Thaum muaj kab mob nkag los, lawv ua rau mob thiab ua kom lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ua haujlwm sai dua. Cov no yog cov uas muab lub cim kom pib sib ntaus.
- Cov cytokines tiv thaiv kev o: Cov no yog cov nres . Tom qab kov yeej tus yeeb ncuab, lawv nres qhov kev puas tsuaj ntxiv rau peb cov nqaij noj qab haus huv los ntawm kev txo qhov o thiab coj txhua yam rov qab mus rau qhov qub.
Thaum twg muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua lawm, nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nres nws thaum lub sijhawm zoo. Yog tsis ua li ntawd, peb cov hlwb yuav raug puas tsuaj thiab muaj kab mob loj heev.
Qhov kev sib pauv lus no tshwm sim li cas?
Qhov no yog ib qho txheej txheem nthuav heev. Cia peb piv rau tus yuam sij thiab lub qhov yuam sij.
Ib tug cytokine zoo li ib tug yuam sij . Nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lub cell uas xav tau txais cov lus, muaj ib lub qhov tseem ceeb (receptor) uas haum rau tus yuam sij ntawd. Thaum cytokine (tus yuam sij) mus thiab txuas rau tus receptor (lub qhov tseem ceeb) ntawm lub cell ntawd, lub cell ntawd tau txais cov lus. Tom qab ntawd lub cell ntawd ua haujlwm raws li cov lus ntawd.
Muaj peb txoj kev xa cov lus no:
1. Kev xa xov ntawm tus kheej: Lub cell xa xov mus rau nws tus kheej.
2. Kev xa xov Paracrine: Ib lub cell xa cov lus mus rau cov cell nyob ze.
3. Kev xa xov ntawm Endocrine: Ib lub cell xa cov lus los ntawm cov ntshav mus rau cov cell uas nyob deb ntawm nws.
Cov hlwb twg tsim cov cytokines ntau tshaj?
Cov cytokines feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov cell hauv peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis yog tib cov cell xwb. Lwm hom cell hauv peb lub cev kuj tuaj yeem tsim lawv.
Cov hlwb tiv thaiv kab mob
- Cov macrophages
- Cov hlwb dendritic
- Cov qe ntshav dawb
- Cov Monocytes
- Cov neutrophils
- Cov basophils
- Cov Eosinophils
- Cov hlwb mast
Lwm cov hlwb
- Cov hlwb endothelial (cov hlwb uas nyob sab hauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha)
- Cov hlwb epithelial yog cov hlwb uas npog qhov chaw ntawm peb cov kabmob.
- Cov hlwb hauv cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas (Fibroblasts, Stromal hlwb)
- Cov hlwb nyob ib puag ncig cov hlab ntsha (cov hlwb Schwann)
Yuav ua li cas yog tias qhov sib npaug ntawm cytokine ploj mus?
Txawm hais tias cov cytokines tseem ceeb rau peb txoj kev noj qab haus huv, zoo li lwm yam, ntau dhau ntawm lawv tsis zoo. Qee zaum, vim muaj kev kis kab mob lossis qee yam kev kho mob, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ua rau muaj kev txhawb nqa ntau dhau thiab pib tsim cov cytokines ntau dhau uas tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau.
Peb hu qhov mob no ua Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) lossis cytokine storm . Zoo li peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis zoo, tsis yog tsuas yog tawm tsam peb cov yeeb ncuab xwb tab sis kuj tawm tsam peb cov hlwb noj qab haus huv. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau mob o, cov nqaij puas tsuaj, thiab ntau yam kab mob.
Cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj cytokines ntau dhau:
- Cov kab mob autoimmune: Hauv qhov no, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ua yuam kev tawm tsam nws cov hlwb noj qab haus huv.
- Kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov metabolism: Teeb meem nrog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov cov khoom noj mus ua lub zog.
- Mob qog noj ntshav.
- Sepsis: Qhov no yog ib qho mob hnyav heev. Kev o ntawm lub cev ua rau cov ntshav ntws mus rau cov kab mob tseem ceeb tsawg dua. Qhov no yog ib qho xwm txheej ceev thiab tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus yog tias tsis kho.
Yog tias koj muaj lus nug txog qhov mob no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd kom tau txais lus qhia .
Kev kuaj vaj huam sib luag Cytokine
Cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem qhia tau yog tias koj lub cev muaj cytokines ntau dhau lossis tsawg dhau. Kev kuaj ntshav hu ua cytokine panel . Nws ntsuas cov cytokines hauv koj cov ntshav uas cuam tshuam nrog kev o. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig, koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau ntawv kho mob kom tswj tau kev o yog tias koj muaj ntau dhau.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cytokines yog cov tshuaj xa xov uas tseem ceeb rau kev sib txuas lus hauv peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Cov no ua haujlwm los tawm tsam kev hem thawj rau lub cev, ua rau 'mob o', thiab kom nres nws thaum qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua tas lawm.
- Qhov sib npaug ntawm cov cytokines yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev noj qab haus huv zoo. Ntau dhau lossis tsawg dhau ntawm lawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob.
- 'Cytokine storm' yog ib qho mob hnyav uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntau dhau ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Yog tias koj muaj kev txhawj xeeb lossis cov tsos mob ntsig txog koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, ib txwm nrhiav kev qhia los ntawm tus kws kho mob uas tsim nyog.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus