Koj puas tau xav tias thaum koj mob khaub thuas, nws yuav zoo li cas hauv ob peb hnub? Peb lub cev muaj ib lub cev tiv thaiv zoo kawg nkaus, zoo li ib pab tub rog, ua haujlwm hauv peb los tiv thaiv peb ntawm cov kab mob. Ib pab tub rog tshwj xeeb hauv lub cev no hu ua cytotoxic T cells. Niaj hnub no, peb yuav tham txog cov phab ej me me no.
Cov qe ntshav T cytotoxic no yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, cov qe ntshav dawb cytotoxic T yog ib hom qe ntshav hauv peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob . Lawv zoo li cov tub rog tshwj xeeb hauv peb lub teb chaws cov tub rog. Lawv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb yog nrhiav thiab rhuav tshem cov qe ntshav uas muaj kab mob nkag mus rau hauv peb lub cev. Yog vim li ntawd lawv thiaj hu ua "Killer T cells."
Cov qe ntshav T no yog tsim tawm hauv ib lub qog me me nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm peb lub hauv siab hu ua thymus . Lub qog thymus tsim peb hom qe ntshav T tseem ceeb.
| Hom T cell | Txoj haujlwm yooj yim heev. |
|---|---|
| Cov qe ntshav dawb cytotoxic T | Txheeb xyuas thiab rhuav tshem cov cell phem, xws li cov cell uas muaj kab mob thiab cov cell mob qog noj ntshav. |
| Cov qe ntshav T pab | Txhawb lwm cov hlwb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab pab lawv tawm tsam. Zoo li ib tug thawj coj tub rog. |
| Cov qe ntshav T uas tswj hwm | Thaum qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua tas lawm, cov haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob raug tswj hwm thiab nws tsis ua rau cov hlwb noj qab haus huv puas tsuaj yam tsis tsim nyog. |
Cov hlwb no ua haujlwm li cas?
Muaj ob hom kev tiv thaiv kab mob tseem ceeb. Ib qho yog kev tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj nyob hauv peb lub cev thaum peb yug los. Qhov thib ob yog kev tiv thaiv kab mob uas hloov tau raws li qhov xav tau.Yog li ntawd, thaum peb raug kab mob lossis tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, peb lub cev tsim ib lub cev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb.
Cov qe ntshav dawb Cytotoxic T yog ib feem tseem ceeb heev ntawm hom kev tiv thaiv kab mob thib ob no. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov qe ntshav dawb no tau kawm los paub thiab tawm tsam ib hom kab mob tshwj xeeb .
Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlwb cytotoxic T thiab cov hlwb tua neeg ntuj
Tej zaum koj kuj tau hnov txog cov hlwb tua neeg ntuj. Txawm hais tias ob qho tib si yog cov hlwb 'tua neeg', muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis.
- Cov qe ntshav tua neeg ntuj: Cov no yog ib feem ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj los ntawm sab hauv. Qhov no txhais tau tias lawv tsis tas yuav muaj kev cob qhia tshwj xeeb lossis kev ua kom lub cev muaj zog los tawm tsam cov qe ntshav phem. Lawv tsuas yog mus saib xyuas xwb.
- Cov qe ntshav dawb Cytotoxic T: Cov no yog ib feem ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Yuav kom lawv tawm tsam ib lub qe ntshav uas muaj kab mob, lawv yuav tsum paub txog qhov kev kis kab mob thiab ua haujlwm.
Yuav pib sib ntaus li cas
Cov qe ntshav T cytotoxic muaj ib lub 'antenna' tshwj xeeb rau ntawm lawv qhov chaw hu ua CD8 receptor . Yuav luag txhua lub qe ntshav hauv peb lub cev muaj ib daim "daim npav cim" rau ntawm nws qhov chaw. Nws hu ua MHC Class I molecule . Thaum ib lub qe ntshav kis tus kab mob, lub qe ntshav ntawd muab ib daim me me ntawm tus kab mob tso rau ntawm daim npav cim no rau ntawm nws qhov chaw, qhia tias, "Nov yog ib tug yeeb ncuab hauv kuv."
Thaum ntawd peb lub T cell lub CD8 antenna ntes tau lub teeb liab no. Lub T cell ces ua haujlwm thiab tsim cov tshuaj uas xav tau los rhuav tshem lub cell uas muaj kab mob.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, thaum cov qe ntshav T pab nrhiav tau kev kis kab mob, lawv tso cov lus xa xov hu ua cytokines . Cov lus no ua rau cov qe ntshav T cytotoxic koom nrog kev sib ntaus.
Cov T cell no nyob qhov twg hauv peb lub cev?
Cov qe ntshav T pib lawv lub neej hauv peb cov pob txha . Tom qab ntawd, ua cov qe ntshav tsis loj hlob, lawv mus rau lub qog thymus hauv peb lub hauv siab. Lub thymus zoo li lub tsev kawm ntawv cob qhia rau cov qe ntshav T. Nws nyob ntawd uas cov qe ntshav no loj hlob thiab kawm lawv txoj haujlwm yog dab tsi. Tom qab kev cob qhia, cov qe ntshav no ncig thoob plaws lub cev.
Muaj cov T cell coob heev thoob plaws hauv peb lub cev lymphatic , tshwj xeeb tshaj yog. Qhov muaj cov T cell ntau tshaj plaws tuaj yeem pom hauv:
- Cov pob txha
- Cov hnyuv
- Lub ntsws
- Cov qog ntshav
- Mob qog
- Cov pob qij txha
Cov kab mob dab tsi cuam tshuam rau cov qe ntshav T?
Qee zaum peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yuav ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Muaj ntau yam mob uas cuam tshuam rau cov qe ntshav T.
- Cov kab mob autoimmune:Qhov tshwm sim hauv cov rooj plaub no yog tias peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam peb cov hlwb noj qab haus huv.
- Kab mob leukemia lymphocytic mob hnyav: Qhov no yog ib hom mob qog noj ntshav uas pib hauv cov ntshav thiab pob txha.
- Mob qog ntshav Hodgkin rau cov neeg laus: Qhov no yog ib hom mob qog ntshav uas pib hauv cov hlwb ntawm lub cev lymphatic.
- HIV: Tus kab mob no ncaj qha tawm tsam cov hlwb ntawm peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov hlwb T.
- Mob Job Syndrome: Qhov no yog ib qho mob tsis tshua muaj uas ua rau muaj kev kis kab mob ntau zaus.
- Thymic aplasia: Kev tsim cov qe ntshav T raug cuam tshuam vim yog lub qog thymus tsis loj hlob zoo thaum yug los.
Tej yam uas peb ua tau kom peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob muaj zog
Muaj ntau yam yooj yim uas peb ua tau los ua kom peb lub zog tiv thaiv zoo kawg nkaus noj qab nyob zoo thiab muaj zog.
- Tsis txhob haus dej cawv los yog haus kom tsawg heev.
- Noj zaub mov kom sib npaug. Noj ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, taum pauv, nqaij tsis muaj roj ntau, ntses, txiv ntoo qhuav, thiab cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
- Ua si nawv tsis tu ncua. Xws li kev tawm dag zog xws li kev taug kev, kev khiav, thiab kev tsa hnyav.
- Pw tsaug zog zoo. Sim pw tsaug zog tsawg kawg yog 7-8 teev hauv ib hnub.
- Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb thiab haus luam yeeb kiag li. Yog tias koj xav tau kev pab txiav qhov kev coj cwj pwm no, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog qhov ntawd.
- Ntxuav koj txhais tes tsis tu ncua nrog xab npum thiab dej. Qhov no yuav pab tau ntau yam hauv kev tiv thaiv cov kab mob kom tsis txhob nkag mus rau hauv koj lub cev.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov qe ntshav T cytotoxic yog ib pawg tub rog tshwj xeeb hauv peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob uas rhuav tshem cov yeeb ncuab, xws li cov qe ntshav uas muaj tus kab mob thiab cov qe ntshav qog noj ntshav.
- Cov hlwb no loj hlob thiab cob qhia hauv peb lub cev thymus caj pas.
- Cov qe ntshav T pab zoo li cov neeg xa xov uas txhawb cov qe ntshav tua neeg no kom tawm tsam.
- Tej yam yooj yim xws li kev noj zaub mov kom sib npaug, kev pw tsaug zog zoo, kev tawm dag zog, thiab kev zam kev haus luam yeeb tuaj yeem ua rau peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob muaj zog.
- Yog tias koj muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog koj txoj kev tiv thaiv kab mob lossis mob ntau zaus, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov ntawd.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus