Koj puas muaj mob ntshav qab zib hom 2? Los yog koj puas muaj teeb meem nrog qhov hnyav ntau dhau (rog dhau)? Yog li koj tus kws kho mob tej zaum yuav tau qhia koj txog ib hom tshuaj tshiab uas ntau tus neeg tab tom tham txog niaj hnub no. Yog li hnub no, cia peb tham txog cov tshuaj no hu ua GLP-1 agonists. Cia peb tham txog cov no yog dab tsi, lawv ua haujlwm li cas, thiab lawv haum rau leej twg.
Cov tshuaj GLP-1 agonists yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, cov tshuaj GLP-1 agonists yog ib pawg tshuaj uas pab tswj cov ntshav qab zib (glucose), feem ntau yog rau cov neeg uas muaj ntshav qab zib hom 2. Ib txhia ntawm cov tshuaj no kuj pab tswj kev rog dhau, lossis qhov hnyav ntau dhau .
Feem ntau cov tshuaj no tuaj ua ib qho tshuaj txhaj. Qhov no txhais tau tias koj yuav tsum siv lub koob txhaj tshuaj thiab koob txhaj tshuaj los txhaj cov tshuaj kua. Cov tshuaj txhaj no yog muab rau hauv cov nqaij rog hauv qab daim tawv nqaij (tshuaj txhaj tshuaj subcutaneous). Cov tshuaj txhaj no feem ntau yog muab rau thaj chaw uas muaj rog ntawm lub plab, nraub qaum ntawm lub duav, sab saud ntawm lub pob tw, thiab nraub qaum ntawm caj npab. Kuj tseem muaj cov tshuaj noj, xws li cov ntsiav tshuaj Semaglutide (Rybelsus®).
Cov tshuaj no kuj paub los ntawm ntau lub npe ntxiv:
- Cov tshuaj agonist zoo li glucagon-zoo li peptide-1
- Cov tshuaj agonist rau GLP-1 receptors
- Cov tshuaj ua kom zoo li Incretin
Cov tshuaj no yog cov tshuaj tshiab. Thawj cov tshuaj GLP-1 agonist (exenatide) tau pom zoo rau xyoo 2005. Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tseem tab tom tshawb nrhiav lwm yam kev siv rau cov tshuaj no.
Tiam sis muaj ib qho uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov: cov tshuaj GLP-1 agonists ib leeg xwb tsis tuaj yeem kho tau tus kab mob ntshav qab zib lossis kev rog dhau. Ob qho tib si mob yuav tsum tau noj zaub mov zoo thiab hloov pauv kev ua neej .
Cov tshuaj no ua haujlwm li cas hauv lub cev?
Yuav kom nkag siab txog cov tshuaj no ua haujlwm li cas, cia peb xub saib cov tshuaj hormones uas tsim tawm hauv peb lub cev hu ua GLP-1. GLP-1 yog cov tshuaj hormones uas tsim los ntawm peb txoj hnyuv me. Nws ua ntau yam hauv peb lub cev.
- Pab lub pancreas tso insulin: Insulin yog ib yam tshuaj hormones uas tseem ceeb rau kev hloov cov khoom noj uas peb noj mus ua lub zog. Nws txo cov suab thaj hauv cov ntshav. Yog tias tsis muaj insulin txaus, cov suab thaj hauv cov ntshav yuav nce ntxiv thiab mob ntshav qab zib yuav tshwm sim.
- Cov tshuaj hormones Glucagon raug thaiv: Glucagon yog ib yam tshuaj hormones uas ua rau cov ntshav qab zib nce ntxiv thaum xav tau. Yog li, GLP-1 thaiv qhov no, tiv thaiv cov suab thaj tsis tsim nyog kom tsis txhob sib sau ua ke hauv cov ntshav.
- Ua rau lub plab zom mov qeeb dua: Thaum cov khoom noj uas peb noj raug zom thiab tshem tawm ntawm lub plab qeeb dua, cov suab thaj ntawm cov khoom noj yuav nqus mus rau hauv cov ntshav. Qhov no tswj qhov nce siab sai sai ntawm cov suab thaj hauv cov ntshav.
- Kev noj mov ua rau muaj kev xav tias puv (satiety):Cov tshuaj hormone GLP-1 cuam tshuam rau cov feem ntawm peb lub hlwb uas tswj kev tshaib kev nqhis thiab kev puv npo.
Tam sim no, qhov uas cov tshuaj GLP-1 agonist no ua yog ua raws li GLP-1 hormone hauv peb lub cev. Ntawd yog, nws ua haujlwm 'zoo li' nws. Cov tshuaj no khi rau GLP-1 receptors thiab ua rau tib yam kev ua haujlwm li cov hormone ntuj. Qhov ntau dua ntawm cov tshuaj, qhov ntau dua qhov cuam tshuam no.
Cov tshuaj no puas pom zoo rau leej twg?
Cov kws kho mob feem ntau sau cov tshuaj GLP-1 agonist no rau ob yam mob: Mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 thiab rog dhau.
Rau Hom Kab Mob Ntshav Qab Zib 2
Cov tshuaj GLP-1 agonists yuav raug sau los ntawm koj tus kws kho mob, txawm tias ua ke nrog cov tshuaj kho mob ntshav qab zib tseem ceeb (metformin), yog tias nws tsis tswj koj cov ntshav qab zib kom zoo, lossis rau lwm yam. Tshwj xeeb:
- Yog tias kev tswj cov ntshav qab zib tsis txaus nrog metformin ib leeg.
- Yog tias koj noj tsis tau metformin vim lwm yam kev noj qab haus huv.
- Yog tias koj qib A1C siab dua li lub hom phiaj.
- Yog koj muaj ntshav qab zib nrog rau lwm yam mob xws li kab mob plawv, mob plawv tsis ua haujlwm, lossis kab mob raum ntev.
Rau kev rog dhau
Cov tshuaj GLP-1 agonists xws li Semaglutide thiab Liraglutide kuj tau pom zoo ua kev kho mob rau kev rog dhau vim lawv pab txo qhov hnyav. Kev rog dhau yog txhais tias yog lub cev hnyav (BMI) ntawm 30 lossis siab dua. Cov kws kho mob kuj tseem yuav sau cov tshuaj no rau cov neeg uas rog dhau (BMI 25-29.9) thiab muaj lwm yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv (piv txwv li, ntshav siab, roj cholesterol), vim tias kev txo qhov hnyav tuaj yeem pab tswj cov mob ntawd.
Cov neeg uas muaj mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 puas noj tau cov no?
Qhov no tseem nyob rau theem kev tshawb fawb. Nws tseem tsis tau raug pom zoo ua kev kho mob rau tus kab mob ntshav qab zib hom 1. Txawm li cas los xij, qee tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv rau nws "tsis muaj daim ntawv lo" raws li qhov xav tau. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov no.
Kawm txog kev siv tshuaj thiab nws cov kev phiv.
Koj tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab seb koj yuav tsum noj cov tshuaj no ntau npaum li cas. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus qhia ntawd kom meej.
| Lub npe tshuaj (GLP-1 Agonist) | Zaus siv |
|---|---|
| Dulaglutide (Trulicity®) | Ib zaug ib lub lim tiam |
| Exenatide (Byetta®) | Ob zaug ib hnub |
| Liraglutide (Victoza®) | Ib zaug ib hnub |
| Semaglutide (Ozempic®, Rybelsus®) | Ib zaug ib lub lim tiam (txhaj tshuaj) / txhua hnub (tshuaj ntsiav) |
Cov tshuaj no muaj tej yam tshwm sim li cas?
Ib yam li lwm yam tshuaj, cov no tuaj yeem muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim.
- Cov kev mob tshwm sim feem ntau: Cov no feem ntau pom thaum ntxov ntawm kev kho mob.
- Kev ntshaw noj mov
- Xeev siab
- Ntuav
- Mob raws plab
- Lwm cov kev mob tshwm sim:
- kiv taub hau
- Lub plawv dhia ceev me ntsis
- Mob taub hau
- Mob plab
- Cov kev mob tshwm sim tsawg tab sis muaj peev xwm loj heev:
- Mob Pancreatitis
- Ib hom mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub qog thyroid (Medullary thyroid cancer)
- Kev raug mob raum sai
- Kev mob retinopathy uas cuam tshuam nrog ntshav qab zib zuj zus tuaj
Cov tshuaj no muaj kev pheej hmoo dab tsi?
Txawm hais tias cov tshuaj no feem ntau muaj kev nyab xeeb los xij, muaj ob peb yam uas yuav tsum paub txog.
Kev Ua Xua
Tej zaum yuav muaj ib txhia neeg ua xua rau cov tshuaj no. Yog tias koj khaus lossis liab ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj tas li, qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua xua hnyav hu ua anaphylaxis yog qhov xwm txheej ceev.
Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob xws li ua pa nyuaj, mob lub cev, nqos nyuaj, lossis mob hauv siab , mus rau Chav Kho Mob Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev (ETU) ze tshaj plaws tam sim ntawd.
Siv thaum cev xeeb tub
Tsis pom zoo kom siv cov tshuaj GLP-1 agonists thaum cev xeeb tub . Yog tias koj noj cov tshuaj no, koj yuav tsum siv txoj kev tswj kom tsis txhob muaj menyuam uas ntseeg tau. Yog tias koj cev xeeb tub thaum noj cov tshuaj no, mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.
Ntshav Qab Zib Qis (Hypoglycemia)
Thaum koj noj cov tshuaj no ib leeg xwb, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm hypoglycemia yog qis heev. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj noj nws nrog lwm cov tshuaj ntshav qab zib, xws li insulin lossis sulfonylureas, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm hypoglycemia yog siab dua. Yog tias koj cov ntshav qab zib poob qis dua 70 mg / dL, koj yuav muaj cov tsos mob xws li tshee hnyo, hws, kiv taub hau, thiab tshaib plab heev. Yog tias qhov no tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum noj ib yam dab tsi uas muaj qab zib (xws li dej qab zib, txiv tsawb) sai li sai tau.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- GLP-1 agonists yog ib hom tshuaj uas siv los kho hom ntshav qab zib 2 thiab rog dhau, thiab feem ntau yog muab ua tshuaj txhaj.
- Cov tshuaj no ua haujlwm zoo li GLP-1 hormone hauv peb lub cev, ua rau muaj insulin ntau ntxiv, ua rau muaj kev xav tias puv npo, thiab pab tswj qab zib thiab qhov hnyav.
- Thaum siv cov tshuaj no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau hloov pauv txoj kev ua neej thiab kev noj zaub mov. Kev siv tshuaj ib leeg xwb tsis txaus.
- Cov kev mob tshwm sim xws li xeev siab thiab ntuav feem ntau tshwm sim thaum xub thawj. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ua xua hnyav (xws li ua pa nyuaj) , mus rau ETU tam sim ntawd.
- Tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj no thaum cev xeeb tub.
- Tsuas yog tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob seb cov tshuaj no puas yog rau koj, yuav siv li cas, thiab noj npaum li cas.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus