Koj puas tau khaws daim ntawv qhia txog kev kuaj ntshav, saib cov lus nyob rau ntawd, thiab xav tias, "Qhov no yog dab tsi?" Ib lo lus uas koj pom ntawm cov ntawv qhia ntawd yog hemoglobin. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum tham txog ntshav qab zib, ib qho ntawm cov kev kuaj uas koj hnov yog A1C. Ob qho no qhia peb ntau yam txog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm peb lub cev. Yog li hnub no, peb yuav tham txog hemoglobin thiab kev kuaj A1C hauv txoj kev yooj yim heev uas koj tuaj yeem nkag siab.
hemoglobin yog dab tsi tiag?
Hais yooj yim xwb, hemoglobin yog ib qho protein tshwj xeeb uas pom muaj nyob hauv peb cov qe ntshav liab. Nws zoo li ib qho 'kev pabcuam xa khoom' uas ua haujlwm hauv peb lub cev.
Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog khaws cov pa oxygen uas nkag mus rau hauv lub ntsws thaum peb ua pa thiab xa mus rau cov nqaij thoob plaws lub cev. Nws kuj tseem nqa cov pa roj carbon dioxide uas tsim tawm hauv cov nqaij ntawd rov qab mus rau lub ntsws kom raug tso tawm thaum peb ua pa tawm. Cov hemoglobin no yog qhov ua rau peb cov ntshav muaj xim liab.
Ib lub hemoglobin molecule yog ua los ntawm plaub txoj saw protein. Txhua txoj saw no muaj ib feem hu ua 'heme' uas muaj hlau. Cov pa oxygen molecule tuaj thiab txuas rau qhov no uas muaj hlau. Qhov no txhais tau tias yog tias koj lub cev tsis muaj hlau txaus, koj lub cev yuav tsis muaj peev xwm tsim hemoglobin txaus. Ces lub peev xwm nqa oxygen thoob plaws lub cev yuav raug cuam tshuam.
Cov hemoglobin qis thiab siab txhais li cas?
Qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm hemoglobin uas peb lub cev xav tau nyob ntawm ntau yam, suav nrog hnub nyoog, poj niam txiv neej, thiab kev noj qab haus huv feem ntau. Piv txwv li, cov neeg uas nyob hauv thaj chaw roob, uas yog, thaj chaw siab, muaj cov hemoglobin siab dua me ntsis dua li cov neeg uas nyob ze ntawm dej hiav txwv.
Hemoglobin ntsuas ua grams per deciliter (gm/dL). Cov qib noj qab haus huv zoo li nram no:
- Txiv neej: 14.0 txog 17.5 gm/dL
- Cov Poj Niam: 12.3 txog 15.3 gm/dL
Tam sim no cia peb saib seb yuav muaj dab tsi tshwm sim yog tias cov theem no hloov pauv.
| Xwm txheej | Ua rau thiab cov tsos mob |
|---|---|
| Cov ntshav hemoglobin qis | Feem ntau peb hu qhov mob no ua ntshav tsis txaus . Muaj ob peb qho laj thawj tseem ceeb uas ua rau qhov no tshwm sim:
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb: qaug zog tas li, ntsej muag daj ntseg, qaug zog, mob hauv siab, kiv taub hau. |
| Cov ntshav hemoglobin siab | Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim vim yog cov pa oxygen tsawg hauv lub cev ntev (hypoxia). Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm:
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb: mob taub hau, pom kev tsis meej, kiv taub hau, tawv nqaij tawm pob, muaj feem yuav ntshav txhaws. |
Tseem Ceeb: Yog tias koj cov hemoglobin qis lossis siab hauv daim ntawv qhia, tsis txhob ntshai, tab sis mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob kom paub qhov ua rau tseeb.
Tam sim no cia peb tham txog qhov kev xeem A1C.
Thaum tham txog hemoglobin, ib qho ntawm cov kev kuaj tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas cuam tshuam nrog nws yog HbA1c, lossis raws li peb txhua tus paub, qhov kev kuaj A1C. Qhov no yog ib qho kev kuaj tseem ceeb los kuaj mob ntshav qab zib thiab kom pom tias tus neeg uas muaj ntshav qab zib tswj hwm lawv tus kab mob zoo npaum li cas.
Qhov kev xeem A1C qhia peb li cas?
Xav txog tus neeg ua si cricket qhov nruab nrab ntaus pob rau ib lub caij tag nrho. Koj tsis tuaj yeem qhia tias nws puas yog tus neeg ua si zoo lossis tsis yog raws li cov qhab nia uas nws tau qhab nia hauv ib qho kev sib tw. Tab sis saib nws qhov nruab nrab rau tag nrho lub caij, koj tuaj yeem tau txais lub tswv yim zoo ntawm nws cov txuj ci.
Qhov kev kuaj A1C zoo sib xws. Dua li ntawm kev saib koj cov ntshav qab zib hauv ib hnub xwb, qhov kev kuaj no qhia txog koj cov ntshav qab zib zoo li cas hauv 2-3 lub hlis dhau los .
Qhov no ua haujlwm li cas?
Cov piam thaj (glucose) hauv peb cov ntshav txuas nrog hemoglobin hauv peb cov qe ntshav liab. Thaum cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav nce ntxiv, cov piam thaj uas txuas nrog hemoglobin kuj nce ntxiv. Vim tias lub neej nruab nrab ntawm cov qe ntshav liab yog li 3 lub hlis, qhov kev kuaj no muab daim duab zoo ntawm koj cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav nruab nrab dhau 3 lub hlis dhau los.
Cov qib A1C thiab lawv lub ntsiab lus
Cov txiaj ntsig A1C yog muab ua feem pua (%). Nov yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawd.
| Feem pua ntawm A1C (%) | Lub ntsiab lus |
|---|---|
| Tsawg dua 5.6% | Ib txwm - Koj tsis muaj ntshav qab zib. |
| 5.7% txog 6.4% | Prediabetes - Koj muaj feem yuav mob ntshav qab zib ntau dua. Qhov no yog ib qho lus ceeb toom! |
| 6.5% lossis ntau dua | Kab mob ntshav qab zib - Koj tau lees paub tias muaj kab mob ntshav qab zib. |
Thaum twg A1C theem yuav txaus ntshai?
Yog koj qib A1C siab dua 9%, nws yog ib qho mob txaus ntshai heev . Nws txhais tau tias koj tus kab mob ntshav qab zib tsis raug tswj hwm kiag li. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem loj xws li kev pom kev tsis meej, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub raum, kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hlab ntsha (diabetic neuropathy), kab mob plawv, thiab mob hlwb.
Yuav ua li cas tswj A1C thiab hemoglobin theem?
Thaum kho ob yam mob no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nrhiav tau qhov ua rau muaj mob. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav ua cov kev kuaj mob tsim nyog thiab sau ntawv kho mob uas tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau koj.
Yog tias hemoglobin qis dhau, ces:
Kev noj cov khoom noj uas muaj hlau ntau yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev.
- Heme Iron: Nqaij nyuj, nqaij qaib, ntses (piv txwv li tuna), cws, thiab lwm yam nqaij.
- Cov hlau uas tsis muaj heme nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj cog: spinach, lentils, chickpeas, soy, dates, raisins, pumpkin noob.
- Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb: Thaum koj noj cov khoom noj uas muaj hlau ntau nrog rau cov khoom noj uas muaj vitamin C ntau (txiv qaub, txiv kab ntxwv, txiv kab ntxwv qaub ntsuab, txiv lws suav, txiv guava), lub cev yuav nqus hlau tau zoo dua.
Yog tias qib A1C siab dua:
Feem ntau cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom cov neeg uas muaj ntshav qab zib tswj lawv cov A1C kom qis dua 7%. Ua li no:
- Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Noj Haus: Tswj cov khoom noj uas muaj hmoov txhuv nplej siab (carbohydrates) (mov, mov ci, qos yaj ywm, khoom qab zib). Noj zaub mov kom sib npaug. Tsis txhob haus dej qab zib kiag li.
- Kev Ua Si:Ua ib qho kev tawm dag zog nruab nrab, xws li kev taug kev, tsawg kawg yog 30 feeb txhua hnub. Kev tawm dag zog ua rau lub cev siv tau insulin zoo dua.
- Cov Tshuaj: Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum noj cov tshuaj uas tus kws kho mob tau sau tseg rau lub sijhawm thiab hauv qhov ntau npaum li cas.
Tsis txhob hnov qab, tsis txhob sim ua ib yam dab tsi ntawm koj tus kheej. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog txhua yam kev hloov pauv uas koj ua rau koj txoj kev ua neej thiab kev noj haus.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Hemoglobin yog ib qho protein uas pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov qe ntshav liab uas nqa oxygen thoob plaws peb lub cev.
- Cov hemoglobin qis los yog siab tuaj yeem yog ib qho tsos mob ntawm kev mob ntshav tsis txaus, yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab kho mob.
- Qhov kev kuaj A1C qhia koj cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav nruab nrab hauv 2-3 lub hlis dhau los.
- Yog tias qib A1C nyob nruab nrab ntawm 5.7% - 6.4%, nws yog prediabetes. Yog tias nws yog 6.5% lossis siab dua, nws yog ntshav qab zib.
- Kev noj zaub mov zoo, kev tawm dag zog, thiab cov tshuaj uas koj tus kws kho mob tau sau tseg tuaj yeem pab tswj cov hemoglobin thiab A1C kom noj qab nyob zoo.
- Yog koj muaj lus nug txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm koj qhov kev kuaj ntshav, tsis txhob yig nug koj tus kws kho mob.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus