Puas muaj teeb meem plawv yug los thaum laus? (Kab mob plawv yug los thaum laus - ACHD) Cia peb tham txog qhov no!

Koj puas tau hnov ​​txog kab mob plawv uas muaj txij thaum yug los, uas yog ib yam mob uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum laus? Tej zaum koj yuav xav tias, 'Auj, qhov ntawd yog ib yam dab tsi uas peb tuaj yeem paub txog thaum peb tseem yog menyuam yaus.' Tab sis qhov ntawd tsis yog txhua lub sijhawm. Muaj qee yam teeb meem plawv uas peb yug los nrog, tab sis tsuas yog qhia cov tsos mob thaum peb laus zuj zus, lossis peb tau muaj lawv ua ntej tab sis pib cuam tshuam rau peb txawv thaum peb laus zuj zus. Qhov ntawd yog qhov peb yuav tham txog hnub no.

Kab mob plawv yug los ntawm cov neeg laus (ACHD) yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, kab mob plawv txij thaum yug los uas tshwm sim rau cov neeg laus (lossis ACHD, raws li cov kws kho mob hu ua) yog ib pawg mob uas cuam tshuam rau cov qauv ntawm koj lub plawv, ib yam dab tsi uas koj yug los nrog. Lo lus "congenital" txhais tau tias qhov tsis zoo no tshwm sim thaum koj tseem tab tom loj hlob ua tus menyuam hauv plab thiab muaj nyob rau thaum yug los. Cov mob no cuam tshuam rau txoj kev uas cov ntshav ntws los ntawm koj lub plawv. Peb kuj hu cov no ua "congenital heart defects."

Qee cov mob plawv no yuav tsis hnyav heev, tab sis lwm tus yuav hnyav heev. Nyob ntawm seb hom mob plawv thiab nws qhov hnyav npaum li cas, qee tus neeg yuav tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi kom txog thaum lawv laus. Lwm tus yuav tsis muaj tsos mob li. Thiab tseem muaj lwm tus uas, txawm tias lawv tau kho cov mob no thaum lawv tseem hluas, tej zaum yuav muaj tsos mob ua rau mob mus ntev thaum lawv laus.

Tiam sis muaj xov xwm zoo . Nrog kev nce qib hauv kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob, tus nqi ciaj sia rau cov neeg uas muaj ACHD tau nce ntxiv ntau heev. Ntau tshaj 90% ntawm cov neeg uas tau kuaj pom tias muaj ACHD thaum lawv tseem yog menyuam yaus muaj sia nyob mus txog thaum lawv laus . Txawm hais tias koj tau kuaj pom tias muaj ACHD thaum koj tseem yog menyuam yaus lossis thaum koj laus lawm, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias koj yuav xav tau kev kho mob mus tas li kom saib xyuas koj tus mob.

ACHD cuam tshuam rau qhov twg ntawm lub plawv?

Tam sim no cia peb saib seb qhov twg ntawm lub plawv yuav raug cuam tshuam los ntawm tus mob no, 'ACHD'. Xav txog koj lub plawv ua lub tshuab me me, tab sis tseem ceeb heev. Muaj ntau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub plawv uas koom nrog rau qhov no:

• Cov hlab ntsha: Cov no yog cov qauv zoo li lub raj uas nqa cov ntshav los ntawm koj lub plawv mus rau koj lub cev thiab rov qab mus rau koj lub plawv. Cov hlab ntsha nqa cov ntshav uas muaj oxygen ntau los ntawm koj lub plawv mus rau koj lub cev cov nqaij. Cov hlab ntsha nqa cov ntshav uas tsis muaj oxygen rov qab mus rau koj lub plawv.
• Cov chav plawv: Cov chav no tswj kev dhia thiab kev ntws ntawm koj lub plawv. Muaj ob chav sab saud (lub atria sab xis thiab sab laug) thiab ob chav qis (lub ventricles sab xis thiab sab laug). Cov chav no raug cais los ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg (lub septum).
• Cov qhov rooj plawv: Koj lub plawv muaj plaub lub qhov rooj. Cov no zoo li cov qhov rooj uas pab cov ntshav ntws mus rau ib qho kev taw qhia xwb. Cov qhov rooj no yogLawv yog cov 'aortic valve', 'mitral valve', 'pulmonary valve', thiab 'tricuspid valve' .

Yog li, hauv `ACHD`, qhov yuam kev tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv ib qho ntawm cov ntu no.

Cov hom mob ACHD tseem ceeb yog dab tsi?

Tam sim no cia peb saib cov hom mob 'ACHD' tseem ceeb. Cov no yuav zoo li kho mob me ntsis, tab sis kuv yuav piav qhia lawv kom yooj yim kom koj nkag siab.

Cov teeb meem ntawm cov hlab ntsha

Qee zaum koj cov hlab ntsha yuav nqaim dhau rau qee qhov chaw. Qhov no txhais tau tias koj lub plawv yuav tsum ua haujlwm hnyav dua los tso ntshav. Los yog, cov hlab ntsha yuav tsis sib luag, ua rau cov ntshav tsis muaj oxygen ntws mus rau lub cev thiab cov ntshav muaj oxygen ntws mus rau lub ntsws. Cov teeb meem ntawm cov hlab ntsha feem ntau yog:

• Aortic coarctation (kev nqaim ntawm lub aorta)
• Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) (cov hlab ntsha uas yuav tsum tau kaw tom qab yug los tseem qhib)
• Kev mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub ntsws
• 'Kev Hloov Chaw ntawm Cov Kab Mob Loj' (kev hloov chaw ntawm ob lub kab mob loj tawm hauv lub plawv)
• 'Kev rov qab los ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub ntsws uas txawv txav' (cov hlab ntsha hauv lub ntsws txuas rau qhov chaw tsis raug)

Cov teeb meem ntawm lub plawv valve

Koj cov qhov plawv yuav nqaim dhau, tsis kaw zoo, kaw tag, lossis puas lawm. Cov mob no ua rau koj lub plawv tsis tuaj yeem tso ntshav ncig koj lub cev. Cov teeb meem ntawm cov qhov plawv feem ntau yog:

• Kab mob Bicuspid aortic valve (tsuas muaj ob daim nplooj ntawv nyob hauv lub aortic valve es tsis yog peb daim ib txwm muaj)
• 'Ebstein's anomaly' (ib qho teeb meem loj heev hauv lub tricuspid valve)
• Kev mob ntawm lub qhov ntswg mitral prolapse (MVP)

Cov teeb meem ntawm lub septum

Cov no yog cov qhov nyob rau hauv phab ntsa nqaij (lub 'septum') ntawm ob lub chav sab saud (atria) lossis ob lub chav qis (mitra) ntawm lub plawv. Qhov no tso cai rau cov ntshav uas muaj oxygen ntau los ntawm lub ntsws sib xyaw nrog cov ntshav uas tsis muaj oxygen los ntawm lub cev. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov ntshav tawm ntawm lub plawv yuav muaj oxygen tsawg dua li qub. Cov 'septal defects' feem ntau yog:

• Atrial septal defect (ASD) (lub qhov hauv phab ntsa ntawm atria)
• Patent foramen ovale (PFO) (lub qhov me me ntawm lub atria uas yuav tsum kaw tom qab yug los)
• Qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub plawv sab hauv (VSD) (qhov hauv phab ntsa ntawm cov plawv sab hauv)

Leej twg thiaj muaj tau ACHD?

Tus mob 'ACHD' no tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau cov neeg txhua tus poj niam txiv neej, hnub nyoog, lossis haiv neeg. Txawm li cas los xij, qee yam mob, piv txwv li 'Atrial septal defect (ASD)' , 'Mitral valve prolapse (MVP)' , thiab 'Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)', feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov poj niam. Tsis tas li ntawd, 'Aortic coarctation' , 'Tetralogy of Fallot'(Qhov no kuj yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm plaub qhov teeb meem plawv nyuaj) thiab cov mob zoo li 'Kev Hloov Chaw ntawm cov hlab ntsha loj' yog qhov tshwm sim ntau dua rau cov txiv neej.

Ib qho ntxiv yog tias cov neeg uas muaj qee yam kab mob caj ces, piv txwv li , Down syndrome lossis Turner syndrome , yuav muaj feem ntau dua los tsim qee yam ntawm cov teeb meem plawv no.

Tsuas yog nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas xwb, muaj kev tshaj tawm tias muaj li ntawm 1.4 lab tus neeg laus uas muaj mob ACHD. Lawv hais tias cov neeg uas muaj mob ACHD nce ntxiv li ntawm 5% txhua xyoo. Muaj ntau tus neeg uas muaj mob zoo li no hauv Sri Lanka, tab sis lawv tej zaum yuav tsis tau kuaj pom zoo, lossis lawv tej zaum yuav tau kho thaum lawv tseem yog menyuam yaus thiab tsis tau mus ntsib kws kho mob tshwj xeeb thaum lawv laus vim lawv tsis paub.

Cov ua rau muaj ACHD yog dab tsi?

Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tseem tsis tau paub meej tias yog vim li cas thiaj muaj ACHD. Qee yam mob ACHD tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv tsev neeg (uas yog, lawv tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm noob caj noob ces). ACHD feem ntau pom muaj nrog cov kab mob caj ces lossis kev mob nkeeg xws li Down syndrome thiab Turner syndrome.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, yog tias leej niam muaj tej yam mob thaum cev xeeb tub, tus menyuam yuav muaj feem yuav mob ACHD ntau dua. Piv txwv li:

• Yog tias leej niam kis tus kab mob rubella lossis mob khaub thuas (mob ntsws) thaum peb lub hlis thawj zaug ntawm cev xeeb tub.
• Yog leej niam muaj 'Type 1 diabetes' lossis 'Type 2 diabetes' .
• Yog koj noj qee yam tshuaj rau tej yam xws li mob pob txuv, mob bipolar, lossis qaug dab peg.
• Yog koj noj tshuaj tua kab mob xws li ibuprofen thaum lossis tom qab 30 lub lis piam ntawm kev cev xeeb tub.

Tseem Ceeb: Qhov no tsis tau txhais hais tias yog tej yam no tshwm sim, tus menyuam yuav muaj kab mob plawv. Cov no tsuas yog cov yam uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau ntxiv xwb. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus qhia ntawm kws kho mob thaum cev xeeb tub.

Cov tsos mob ntawm ACHD yog dab tsi?

Cov tsos mob ntawm ACHD yuav txawv ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau ib tus neeg. Nws nyob ntawm cov yam xws li koj lub hnub nyoog, koj muaj pes tsawg qhov teeb meem plawv, qhov hnyav ntawm koj tus kab mob plawv, thiab hom ACHD uas koj muaj.

Ib txhia neeg uas muaj ACHD tsis qhia cov tsos mob . Tab sis yog tias koj ua, lawv yuav muaj xws li:

• Cov rau tes, daim di ncauj, thiab daim tawv nqaij hloov xim xiav (cyanosis). Qhov no yog vim muaj cov pa oxygen hauv cov ntshav tsawg zuj zus.
• Kiv taub hau.
• Qaug zog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog xav tias nkees sai tom qab ua haujlwm me me.
• Hnov lub suab plawv tsis zoo li qub (lub suab 'lub plawv dhia tsis meej'). Qhov no yog ib yam uas tus kws kho mob hnov ​​tau thaum mloog nrog 'stethoscope'.
• Lub plawv dhia ceev lossis tsis xwm yeem (lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem). Tej zaum koj yuav xav tias koj lub plawv dhia tau hloov pauv lawm.
• Lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem (arrhythmia).
• Ua pa nyuaj (ua tsis taus pa).
• O (edema) ntawm pob luj taws, taw, lossis tes.

Yog tias koj muaj ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov tsos mob no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tham nrog kws kho mob txog qhov ntawd.

Yuav kuaj mob ACHD li cas?

Thaum koj mus ntsib kws kho mob uas muaj cov tsos mob no, nws yuav xub nug koj txog koj cov tsos mob, seb puas muaj leej twg hauv koj tsev neeg tau muaj kab mob plawv, thiab koj keeb kwm kev kho mob. Tom qab ntawd, lawv yuav kuaj koj lub cev thiab mloog koj lub plawv nrog lub stethoscope.

Ntxiv rau, tus kws kho mob yuav ua ntau yam kev kuaj mob kom paub meej tias muaj mob ACHD:

• Kev siv catheter rau lub plawv: Qee zaum qhov no siv los kho. Hauv txoj kev kho mob no, ib lub raj nyias nyias (catheter) raug xa mus rau hauv koj lub plawv los ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv koj lub qhov ncauj.
• `Chest X-ray` (kev kuaj mob X-ray hauv siab).
• Echocardiogram (echo): Qhov no zoo li kev ntsuas ultrasound ntawm lub plawv. Nws tuaj yeem saib cov duab thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv.
• Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG): Qhov no ntsuas qhov ua haujlwm hluav taws xob ntawm lub plawv.
• Kev ntsuam xyuas kev ntxhov siab ntawm kev tawm dag zog: Qhov no sim seb koj lub plawv teb li cas thaum koj tawm dag zog.
• `MRI ntawm lub plawv` (kev luam theej duab MRI ntawm lub plawv) thiab `kev luam theej duab CT ntawm lub plawv` (kev luam theej duab CT ntawm lub plawv). Cov no tuaj yeem tau txais cov duab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm lub plawv.
• Kev ntsuas pa oxygen hauv cov ntshav: Qhov no ntsuas qib oxygen hauv cov ntshav. Nws yog ntsuas los ntawm kev muab ib yam dab tsi zoo li ib daim clip rau ntawm tus ntiv tes lossis pob ntseg.
• Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE): Qhov no zoo ib yam li kev kuaj echo, tab sis ib qho ultrasound probe raug xa mus rau hauv caj pas thiab kuaj ze rau lub plawv.

Cov kev kuaj no tso cai rau tus kws kho mob kom nkag siab meej txog koj tus mob.

Yuav kho tus mob ACHD li cas?

Tej zaum yuav tsis tas yuav kho mob dab tsi li . Txawm li cas los xij, koj tseem yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob plawv kom paub tseeb tias koj tus mob tsis hnyav zuj zus.

Kev kho mob rau ACHD nyob ntawm seb hom mob thiab qhov hnyav ntawm tus mob. Yog li ntawd, cov kev xaiv kho mob hauv qab no yuav siv tau:

• Cov Tshuaj: Muaj qee cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem pab koj lub plawv ua haujlwm zoo dua. Piv txwv li:
• ACE inhibitors thiab calcium channel blockers (cov no kuj pab tswj cov ntshav siab).
• Cov tshuaj anticoagulants (cov tshuaj uas tiv thaiv cov ntshav txhaws).
• Cov tshuaj beta-blockers (tswj lub plawv dhia).
• Cov tshuaj ntsiav dej (tshuaj diuretics) (txo cov kua dej tsis tsim nyog hauv lub cev).
• Cov khoom siv plawv uas muab tso rau hauv lub cev: Koj tus kws kho mob yuav muab lub tshuab pacemaker tso rau hauv lub cev kom tswj tau koj lub plawv dhia lossis lub tshuab defibrillator (ICD) uas muab tso rau hauv lub cev kom kho qhov plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem (arrhythmia).
• Kev siv catheter rau lub plawv: Raws li kuv tau hais ua ntej lawm, qhov no siv tau ua kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob. Nws siv los kho cov teeb meem xws li atrial septal defects (ASD). Nws kuj siv tau los ua kom cov hlab ntsha nqaim (angioplasty) lossis cov valve (valvotomy) los ntawm kev siv lub balloon me me hla lub catheter.
• Kev Phais Mob: Ib tug kws phais mob tuaj yeem kho lossis hloov ib lossis ntau lub plawv (kev phais plawv). Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev phais plawv qhib lossis kev phais plawv uas tsis mob heev. Kev phais plawv kuj tseem ua los kho cov teeb meem plawv uas nyuaj dua.
• Kev hloov plawv: Cov neeg uas muaj kab mob plawv loj heev thiab ua rau tuag taus yuav xav tau kev hloov plawv tag nrho, tab sis qhov no yog qhov kawg.

Cov teeb meem uas yuav tshwm sim ntawm ACHD yog dab tsi?

Qee qhov teeb meem uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim yog ACHD suav nrog:

• Lub plawv dhia tsis sib xws ('Arrhythmia').
• Kev kis kab mob rau sab hauv ntawm lub plawv (endocarditis).
• Mob plawv tsis ua haujlwm (lossis mob plawv tsis ua haujlwm).
• Mob ntshav siab hauv lub ntsws.
• Mob stroke.

Yog tias koj lub plawv tsis zoo uas muaj txij thaum yug los tsis tau kuaj pom thiab kho thaum ntxov, koj yuav muaj feem ntau dua rau cov teeb meem no.

Yuav ua li cas rau ib tus neeg uas muaj ACHD?

Yog koj muaj ACHD, koj txoj kev xav nyob ntawm seb koj muaj hom kab mob plawv txij thaum yug los li cas, nws qhov hnyav npaum li cas, thiab kev kho mob uas koj tau txais. Cov neeg feem coob uas muaj kev kho mob zoo ua neej nyob li qub, ua neej nquag. Yog li ntawd, tsis muaj dab tsi yuav txhawj txog, tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia kom zoo.

Koj yuav saib xyuas koj tus kheej li cas yog tias koj muaj ACHD?

Yog koj muaj ACHD, koj tuaj yeem ua cov no los saib xyuas koj tus kheej:

• Ua neej kom noj qab nyob zoo. Noj kom zoo, haus kom zoo, tawm dag zog (raws li koj tus kws kho mob hais), thiab tsis txhob haus luam yeeb kiag li.
• Qhia rau koj cov kws kho mob thiab cov kws kho hniav tias koj muaj ACHD. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev, vim lawv yuav tsum paub txog qhov no thaum kho koj.
• Mus ntsib kws kho mob plawv uas tshwj xeeb hauv ACHD tsis tu ncua kom koj tus mob thiaj li saib xyuas tau.
• Ua ntej yuav kho mob thiab kho hniav, noj tshuaj tua kab mob yog tias koj tus kws kho mob plawv pom zoo.Qhov no yog ua los tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob xws li endocarditis.
• Saib xyuas koj cov hniav kom zoo thiab mus ntsib koj tus kws kho hniav tsis tu ncua. Qhov no tseem ceeb vim tias cov kab mob hauv hniav tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau koj lub plawv.
• Yog tias koj npaj yuav cev xeeb tub, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham ua ntej. Kev cev xeeb tub yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb thaum koj muaj ACHD.

Thaum twg koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd?

Yog koj muaj cov tsos mob no, hu rau 911 lossis mus rau tsev kho mob ze tshaj plaws tam sim ntawd. Cov no yuav yog cov cim qhia tias koj lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm:

• Ua pa nyuaj tam sim ntawd lossis ua pa nyuaj zuj zus.
• o sai sai hauv plab lossis ceg qis.
• Qaug zog heev, txawv txawv yam tsis muaj laj thawj.

Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob tshiab ntsig txog ACHD, lossis yog tias koj txhawj xeeb txog cov tsos mob uas twb muaj lawm, mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov los ntawm qhov peb tau tham txog hnub no yog ...

Kab Mob Plawv Thaum Yug Los (ACHD) rau Cov Neeg Laus yog hais txog cov teeb meem hauv koj lub plawv uas muaj thaum yug los. Cov no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau txoj kev uas cov ntshav ntws los ntawm koj lub plawv. Tej zaum koj yuav muaj cov tsos mob xws li qaug zog, lub suab plawv tsis zoo, thiab ua pa luv luv, lossis koj yuav tsis muaj tsos mob li.

Cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem kho qhov mob no nrog cov tshuaj, kev cog plawv, thiab kev phais. Yog tias koj muaj ACHD me me, koj yuav tsis tas yuav kho. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias nws hnyav npaum li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob plawv tsis tu ncua kom kuaj xyuas. Nco ntsoov tias, ntau tus neeg uas muaj ACHD nyob noj qab nyob zoo, puv npo, thiab ua neej nquag. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob ntshai, ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia kom zoo, thiab saib xyuas koj lub plawv!

Kab mob plawv, cov teeb meem plawv txij thaum yug los, cov neeg laus, lub plawv, cov hlab ntsha, cov qhov plawv, cov tsos mob, kev kho mob, ACHD, kab mob plawv txij thaum yug los, kev phais plawv