Koj puas feem ntau mob khaub thuas thiab hnoos? Los yog koj puas muaj teeb meem plab lossis teeb meem tawv nqaij tas li? Qee zaum qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, uas yog, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, tsis muaj zog me ntsis. Yog li hnub no peb tab tom tham txog kev kuaj mob tseem ceeb uas ua los txiav txim siab qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob no. Ntawd yog kev kuaj Immunoglobulin.
Cov tshuaj immunoglobulin no yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov no yooj yim to taub heev. Xav txog tias peb lub cev zoo li lub teb chaws. Ces cov yeeb ncuab yog cov kab mob xws li cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob uas los ntawm sab nraud. Txhawm rau tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab no, peb muaj ib pawg tub rog tshwj xeeb hauv peb lub cev. Cov tub rog ntawd tsuas yog hu ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob .
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no yog yam uas peb hu ua 'Immunoglobulins'. Cov no yog tsim los ntawm cov hlwb hauv peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Yog li qhov kev kuaj Immunoglobulin no ntsuas seb koj muaj pes tsawg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no, lossis 'tub rog', hauv koj lub cev.
Vim muaj qee yam kab mob, qhov ntau ntawm Immunoglobulin hauv peb lub cev tuaj yeem nce ntxiv yam tsis tsim nyog , thiab qee zaum txawm tias txo qis dua qhov tsim nyog .
- Yog tias cov tshuaj immunoglobulin qis: Koj yuav muaj feem mob ntau dua, tshwj xeeb yog kev kis kab mob.
- Yog tias immunoglobulin nce ntxiv: Nws yuav txhais tau tias koj muaj kev ua xua, lossis koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ua haujlwm ntau dhau.
Cov hom immunoglobulin tseem ceeb yog dab tsi?
Muaj ntau hom immunoglobulins hauv peb lub cev. Txhua hom muaj nws txoj haujlwm sib txawv. Cia peb saib cov hom tseem ceeb.
| Hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob | Hais yooj yim xwb... |
|---|---|
| Immunoglobulin A (IgA) | Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm peb lub ntsws, qhov ntswg, thiab txoj hnyuv. Lawv kuj pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov kua dej xws li cov qaub ncaug thiab kua muag. Lawv yog cov uas tiv thaiv peb ntawm cov kab mob uas nkag mus rau hauv cov cheeb tsam ntawd. |
| Immunoglobulin G (IgG) | Qhov no yog 'tub rog uas muaj kev paub dhau los' uas muaj ntau tshaj plaws hauv peb cov ntshav thiab lwm yam kua dej hauv lub cev. Nws muaj lub cim xeeb zoo. Yog tias cov kab mob uas tau nkag mus rau hauv lub cev rov qab los, nws paub nws thiab tawm tsam nws sai sai. Nws zoo li 'kev nco qab'. Cov kws kho mob kuaj qib IgG no kom paub seb koj puas tau raug rau ib qho kab mob ua ntej. |
| Immunoglobulin M (IgM) | Thaum ib tug kab mob tshiab nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, cov tub rog IgM no yog thawj tus los tawm tsam. Lawv yog peb thawj kab tiv thaiv. Thaum ib tug kab mob nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, cov qib IgM no nce siab ib pliag, thiab tom qab ntawd thaum cov qib IgG nce siab, cov qib IgM poob qis dua. |
| Immunoglobulin E (IgE) | Qhov no txawv me ntsis. Qib IgE no nce ntxiv thaum peb lub cev tsis haum rau tej yam uas tsis muaj teeb meem, xws li paj ntoos, hmoov av, thiab qee yam khoom noj (uas yog, thaum muaj kev ua xua). Qib IgE no yeej raug ntsuas hauv kev kuaj ntshav kom pom tias koj puas muaj kev ua xua. |
Vim li cas tus kws kho mob thiaj pom zoo kom ua qhov kev kuaj no?
Muaj ntau yam ua rau koj tus kws kho mob yuav xaj kom kuaj qhov no. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev yog tias koj muaj kab mob ntau zaus.
Feem ntau qhov kev kuaj no raug pom zoo rau cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
- Yog tias koj muaj teeb meem ntawm qhov ntswg, mob ntsws, mob plab lossis mob plab hnyuv .
- Yog koj raws plab ces kav ntev heev.
- Yog koj poob phaus yam tsis muaj laj thawj pom tseeb.
- Yog koj muaj mob kub taub hau uas tsis paub meej tias yog vim li cas thiab lwm yam ua rau koj mob.
- Yog tias muaj ntau yam pob khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij .
- Yog koj xav tias koj muaj kev ua xua .
- Yog koj mob tom qab rov qab los ntawm kev taug kev ntev.
- Txhawm rau saib xyuas cov mob xws li HIV/AIDS lossis Multiple Myeloma (ib hom mob qog noj ntshav).
Yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tau qhov kev kuaj Immunoglobulin no?
Cov kws kho mob feem ntau kuaj peb yam ua ke: IgA, IgG, thiab IgM kom tau lub tswv yim zoo txog koj txoj kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Txoj kev tseem ceeb los ua qhov no yog coj cov ntshav mus kuaj .Ib yam li peb feem ntau kuaj ntshav. Tus kws kho mob hauv chav kuaj yuav coj ib qho ntshav me me los ntawm cov leeg ntshav hauv koj txhais caj npab thiab xa mus rau chav kuaj. Nws tsis yog ib qho teeb meem loj, nws tsis muaj dab tsi yuav tsum txhawj txog.
Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb heev, yog tias tus kws kho mob xav kuaj cov kua dej uas nyob ib puag ncig lub hlwb thiab cov hlab ntsha caj qaum, hu ua cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) , nws yuav siv lwm txoj kev. Qhov no hu ua lumbar puncture (qee zaum hu ua 'spinal tap'). Qhov no ua tiav hauv tsev kho mob. Koj yuav tau txais tshuaj loog kom loog koj qhov mob, thiab yuav muab ib qho me me ntawm cov kua dej los ntawm koj lub nraub qaum qis.
Kuv daim ntawv qhia txhais li cas?
Tom qab xa koj cov qauv mus rau chav kuaj mob, nws yuav siv sijhawm ob peb hnub rau daim ntawv qhia kom tuaj txog.
Qhov tseem ceeb yog koj tsis tuaj yeem hais 100% tseeb tias koj muaj kab mob tsuas yog vim cov nqi hauv koj daim ntawv qhia qis lossis siab. Qhov no tsuas yog muab lub tswv yim ntxhib xwb.
Koj tus kws kho mob kuj tseem yuav xaj lwm yam kev kuaj mob nrog rau daim ntawv qhia no, xws li Kev suav ntshav tag nrho (CBC) , kev kuaj ntshav protein , lossis kev kuaj zis kom paub tseeb tias lub raum ua haujlwm li cas.
Cia peb saib seb yog vim li cas cov nqi no thiaj nce thiab nqis.
| Tej yam uas ua rau cov immunoglobulin ntau ntxiv | |
|---|---|
| Kev ua xua | Cov kab mob ntev ntev |
| Cov kab mob autoimmune - piv txwv li Rheumatoid Arthritis, Lupus, Celiac Disease | Kab mob siab |
| Kab mob plab hnyuv | Hom mob qog noj ntshav - piv txwv li Multiple Myeloma, Lymphoma, Leukemia |
| Tej yam uas ua rau cov theem immunoglobulin poob qis | |
|---|---|
| Qee cov tshuaj uas ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog (piv txwv li cov tshuaj steroids) | Cov teeb meem ntawm tus kab mob ntshav qab zib |
| Kab mob raum lossis ua tsis tau haujlwm | Cov kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj txij thaum yug los lossis tau txais los (piv txwv li HIV/AIDS ) |
Yog li ntawd, es tsis txhob maj mam txiav txim siab txog yam uas nyob hauv koj daim ntawv qhia, nco ntsoov nrog tus kws kho mob uas tau kuaj koj tham. Nws yuav tshuaj xyuas koj cov tsos mob thiab tag nrho lwm cov ntawv qhia kev kuaj mob thiab qhia rau koj paub meej tias koj yuav tsum ua dab tsi thiab yuav ua li cas tom ntej.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Immunoglobulin yog ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas zoo li ib tug tub rog hauv peb lub cev uas tawm tsam kab mob.
- Qhov kev kuaj no yuav tseem ceeb yog tias koj muaj kev kis kab mob ntau zaus, ua xua, lossis yog tias koj xav tias koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog.
- Qhov kev kuaj no kuaj xyuas cov qib ntawm ntau hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, xws li IgA, IgG, IgM, thiab IgE.
- Cov nqi qis lossis siab hauv daim ntawv qhia tuaj yeem yog vim ntau yam laj thawj. Tsis txhob xav tias muaj tus kab mob ntawm koj tus kheej.
- Tsuas yog koj tus kws kho mob thiaj li muab tau cov lus piav qhia zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov lus qhia ntxiv txog koj cov txiaj ntsig kuaj, yog li nco ntsoov ntsib nws.
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