Puas muaj teeb meem nrog tus menyuam lub taub hau, caj dab, lossis nraub qaum? - Cia peb tham txog Iniencephaly

Auj, qee zaum peb tu siab thiab xav tsis thoob los ntawm tej yam uas peb hnov, puas yog? Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws yog hais txog ib tug menyuam mos tshiab los rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib qho mob tsis tshua muaj uas rhiab heev me ntsis, tab sis nws tseem ceeb heev rau peb kom paub txog. Peb hu qhov no ua Iniencephaly.

Yog li ntawd, Iniencephaly yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, Iniencephaly yog ib qho mob uas muaj ntau yam sib txawv . Nws feem ntau cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam lub taub hau, caj dab, thiab tus txha nqaj qaum. Cov menyuam mos uas yug los muaj tus mob no yuav muaj caj dab luv heev, lossis tsis muaj caj dab li. Lawv kuj tseem yuav muaj lub taub hau khoov rov qab thiab tus txha nqaj qaum tsis zoo. Xav txog seb qhov no yuav nyuaj npaum li cas. Feem ntau, ntxiv rau cov teeb meem tseem ceeb no, tej zaum yuav muaj qhov tsis zoo hauv lwm yam kab ke ntawm tus menyuam lub cev, xws li lub plawv thiab lub ntsws.

Feem ntau, cov menyuam mos uas yug los muaj tus mob no tuag ua ntej yug los, txawm tias nyob hauv plab lossis tom qab yug los tsis ntev. Tsis tshua muaj, tus menyuam mos uas muaj tus mob tsis hnyav heev yuav nyob tau ntev.

Tus mob no feem ntau tshwm sim li cas?

Qhov tseeb, tus mob no hu ua "Iniencephaly" tsis tshua muaj . Yog li ntawd, nws tsis tshua pom ntau zaus. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau tshaj tawm thawj zaug txog tus mob no txij li xyoo 1836. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tam sim no, lawv hais tias tus mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau li ib mus rau ib puas tus menyuam ntawm txhua ib puas txhiab tus menyuam yug los. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev xam no txawv me ntsis. Lwm yam yog tias tus mob no kuj tau hais tias muaj ntau dua ntawm cov menyuam mos poj niam.

Iniencephaly tshwm sim li cas?

Cia peb saib seb qhov Iniencephaly no tshwm sim li cas. Qhov no yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub paj hlwb thaum yug los . Cov kws kho mob hu qhov no ua "Neural Tube Defect". Koj puas paub tias ob peb lub lis piam tom qab cev xeeb tub yog qhov tseem ceeb heev? Nws yog thaum lub sijhawm no uas "neural tube", uas tus menyuam lub hlwb, tus txha caj qaum, thiab tus txha caj qaum (lub paj hlwb tseem ceeb uas khiav hla tus txha caj qaum) pib tsim, tau tsim. Feem ntau, thaum lub lim tiam thib peb lossis thib plaub ntawm kev cev xeeb tub, lub paj hlwb no kaw tag nrho, thiab lub paj hlwb yuav tsum loj hlob zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv rooj plaub ntawm Iniencephaly, rau qee qhov laj thawj qhov txheej txheem no raug cuam tshuam, thiab lub paj hlwb tsis loj hlob zoo.

Dab tsi yog cov ua rau muaj iniencephaly?

Nws nyuaj rau hais meej tias yog dab tsi ua rau nws. Cov kws kho mob ntseeg tias nws yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov noob caj noob ces (piv txwv li, tau txais los ntawm tsev neeg) thiab cov yam ntxwv ib puag ncig. Hauv qee kis, cov chromosomal abnormalities, xws li '(Monosomy X)', '(Trisomy 13)' thiab '(Trisomy 18)', tau pom tias muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog nws.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, tej yam ib puag ncig thaum cev xeeb tub kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo no. Cov no suav nrog:

• Kev tsis txaus folic acid:Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb heev. Peb yuav tham txog qhov no ntxiv.
• Kev siv cawv: Haus cawv thaum cev xeeb tub.
• Haus luam yeeb: Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias tej yam zoo li haus luam yeeb.
• Kab mob ntshav qab zib: Leej niam muaj kab mob ntshav qab zib uas tsis tswj tau.
• Kev Rog Phem: Leej niam lub cev hnyav dua li qhov pom zoo.
• Siv qee yam tshuaj: Muaj qee yam tshuaj siv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cev xeeb tub thaum ntxov. Piv txwv li suav nrog cov tshuaj sulfa, tshuaj tiv thaiv qaug dab peg, tshuaj diuretics, thiab tshuaj antihistamines.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias yog koj tus menyuam muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub raj xa ntshav hauv koj cev xeeb tub yav dhau los, qhov kev pheej hmoo yuav siab dua me ntsis hauv koj cev xeeb tub tom ntej.

Yuav kuaj mob Iniencephaly li cas?

Thaum tus me nyuam yug los, cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem kuaj mob iniencephaly los ntawm kev saib tus me nyuam lub taub hau thiab tus txha nqaj qaum. Ntawd yog, lawv tuaj yeem qhia los ntawm cov cim sab nraud . Yog tias tus me nyuam tseem muaj sia nyob ntev, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem siv cov kev kuaj xws li ultrasound, CT scan, thiab MRI los ntsuas qhov mob zoo dua thiab txiav txim siab seb muaj kev kho mob dab tsi.

Qhov no puas nrhiav tsis tau ua ntej tus menyuam yug los?

Yog, qhov no yog ib lo lus nug tseem ceeb heev. Muaj ntau yam kev kuaj mob uas tuaj yeem nrhiav tau cov teeb meem ntawm lub paj hlwb, xws li iniencephaly, txawm tias ua ntej tus menyuam yug los, uas yog, thaum cev xeeb tub . Koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom kuaj cov kev kuaj mob no ua ib feem ntawm kev kuaj mob niaj hnub, lossis yog tias lawv xav tias koj cev xeeb tub muaj kev pheej hmoo.

• Kev kuaj ultrasound ua ntej yug me nyuam: Qhov no yog qhov kev ntsuas uas peb txhua tus paub zoo. Nws siv cov suab nthwv dej los thaij duab tus menyuam hauv plab. Tus kws kho mob siv qhov kev ntsuas no los saib ze rau tus menyuam lub taub hau, caj dab, thiab tus txha nraub qaum kom paub seb puas muaj qhov tsis zoo.
• Kev kuaj ntshav plaub lub cim: Qhov no yog kev kuaj ntshav rau leej niam. Nws nrhiav ntau yam tshuaj hormones thiab cov protein. Ib qho protein tseem ceeb uas raug saib yog alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Tus menyuam no yog tsim los ntawm nws. Tom qab ntawd nws hla mus rau hauv leej niam cov ntshav. Yog tias qib AFP hauv leej niam cov ntshav siab heev, nws yuav qhia tau tias tus menyuam yuav muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub raj neural.
• Kev kuaj amniocentesis:Hauv qhov kev kuaj no, tus kws kho mob siv ib rab koob nyias nyias los rho tawm me ntsis ntawm cov kua dej amniotic uas nyob ib puag ncig tus menyuam. Lub chaw kuaj ntshav ntsuas qib ntawm AFP hauv cov kua dej amniotic no, thiab kuj ua qhov kev kuaj hu ua "Karyotype testing" los kuaj xyuas cov teeb meem chromosomal. Ob qho kev kuaj no tuaj yeem muab lub tswv yim txog seb puas muaj teeb meem neural tube thiab qhov ua rau yog dab tsi.
• Fetal MRI: Qhov no kuj yog ib hom kev luam theej duab. Nws siv cov nthwv dej xov tooj cua thiab lub zog sib nqus los tsim cov duab meej heev thiab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov pob txha thiab cov nqaij ntawm tus menyuam. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog tias kev luam theej duab MRI tsis ua rau tus menyuam raug hluav taws xob.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum kuaj mob no sai li sai tau . Thaum kuaj mob thaum ntxov, cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem piav qhia txog tus menyuam tus mob rau tsev neeg thiab muab kev txhawb nqa kev puas siab puas ntsws rau cov niam txiv. Yog tias cev xeeb tub txuas ntxiv mus, cov kev txawv txav no kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo rau leej niam thaum yug menyuam.

Cov kev kho mob rau Iniencephaly yog dab tsi?

Qhov tseeb, tsis muaj kev kho mob tshwj xeeb rau tus mob no, Iniencephaly. Feem ntau ntawm cov menyuam mos uas muaj tus mob no tuag thaum cev xeeb tub, thaum tseem nyob hauv plab, lossis ob peb teev tom qab yug los. Qhov no yog ib qho xwm txheej tu siab heev. Cov kws kho mob thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob muab kev txhawb nqa tsim nyog rau tsev neeg kom daws qhov kev tu siab no thiab daws nws.

Tsis tshua muaj, uas txhais tau tias muaj tsawg tus menyuam mos uas muaj sia nyob ntev, cov kws kho mob kho txhua tus menyuam ib tus zuj zus, raws li cov tsos mob uas tshwm sim rau lub sijhawm ntawd.

Cov folic acid puas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov no?

Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas peb txhua tus yuav tsum paub txog . Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas koj ua tau los tiv thaiv cov teeb meem ntawm lub hlwb, suav nrog anencephaly, yog noj folic acid ua ntej thiab thaum cev xeeb tub . Folic acid yog ib qho vitamin B. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov hlwb tshiab hauv peb lub cev.

Kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias kev noj 400 micrograms (mcg) ntawm folic acid ib hnub tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov hlab ntsha neural tube defects li ntawm 70% . Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau txhua tus poj niam uas muaj hnub nyoog yug me nyuam kom noj qhov ntau no txhua hnub. Muaj ob qho laj thawj rau qhov no:

• Muaj ntau yam kev xeeb tub uas tsis tau npaj tseg.
• Cov teeb meem ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub paj hlwb tshwm sim thaum ob peb lub lis piam thawj zaug ntawm kev cev xeeb tub, thaum ntau tus neeg tsis paub tias lawv cev xeeb tub.

Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj tab tom yuav muaj menyuam, lossis muaj hnub nyoog yug tau menyuam, nco ntsoov nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog folic acid. Yog tias koj tab tom npaj yuav cev xeeb tub, nug koj tus kws kho mob kom pom zoo rau cov vitamin ua ntej yug menyuam uas muaj folic acid.

Cov poj niam uas tau muaj ib tug menyuam yav dhau los uas muaj teeb meem ntawm lub hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb thiab tab tom yuav muaj ib tug menyuam ntxiv yuav xav tau cov folic acid ntau dua. Lub Chaw Tswj thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob hauv Tebchaws Meskas (CDC) pom zoo kom noj 4,000 micrograms (4 milligrams) ntawm folic acid txhua hnub, pib ib hlis ua ntej cev xeeb tub thiab txuas ntxiv mus txog peb lub hlis thawj zaug ntawm cev xeeb tub. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis yog lub tswv yim zoo kom noj folic acid ntau dhau . Yog li ntawd, nco ntsoov sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej nce koj cov folic acid noj.

Yuav ua li cas ntxiv los txo qhov kev pheej hmoo?

Ntxiv rau kev noj folic acid, muaj ntau yam uas koj tuaj yeem ua tau los txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm anencephaly:

• Tsis txhob noj tshuaj uas paub tias ua rau muaj teeb meem ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb. (Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov no.)
• Tsum tsis txhob haus cawv kiag li.
• Tswj koj lub cev kom muaj qhov hnyav zoo.
• Yog koj muaj ntshav qab zib, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tswj nws kom zoo.
• Yog koj haus luam yeeb, tsum.

Kev xav txog iniencephaly yog li cas?

Iniencephaly yog ib qho mob caj ces nyuaj heev. Yog li ntawd, qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov mob no feem ntau tsis zoo heev . Ntau tus cev xeeb tub xaus rau kev rho menyuam lossis tuag hauv plab. Txawm tias tus menyuam yug los muaj sia nyob, muaj feem ntau uas nws yuav tuag hauv ob peb teev.

Txij li xyoo 2019, tsuas muaj yim tus menyuam mos hauv ntiaj teb no uas muaj sia nyob ntev nrog tus mob iniencephaly. Plaub tus ntawm cov no tau phais, thiab kev kho mob tau tshaj tawm tias tau ua tiav. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim tsawg heev.

Yuav npaj cev xeeb tub kom noj qab nyob zoo li cas?

Yog tias koj muaj hnub nyoog yug tau menyuam, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum noj 400 micrograms ntawm folic acid txhua hnub, txawm tias koj tsis tau sim cev xeeb tub los xij. Vim tias kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov kev xeeb tub tsis tau npaj tseg, cov teeb meem ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb, suav nrog anencephaly, tshwm sim ua ntej ntau tus neeg paub tias lawv cev xeeb tub, thiab folic acid tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov no.

Cov neeg uas npaj yuav cev xeeb tub yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob thiab tau txais kev qhia ua ntej cev xeeb tub . Thaum lub sijhawm teem caij no, koj tus kws kho mob yuav tshuaj xyuas tag nrho koj cov yam ntxwv uas ua rau koj muaj kev pheej hmoo thiab pom zoo cov kauj ruam uas koj tuaj yeem ua kom cev xeeb tub noj qab nyob zoo.

Cov yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov los ntawm zaj dab neeg no yog

Zoo, yog li peb vam tias koj muaj qee lub tswv yim txog Iniencephaly uas peb tau tham txog. Txawm hais tias qhov no yog ib qho mob tsis tshua muaj thiab nyuaj heev, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau peb kom paub txog nws.

Nco ntsoov tias, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau txhua tus poj niam uas xav kom muaj menyuam kom tau txais folic acid txaus ua ntej cev xeeb tub thiab thaum peb lub hlis thawj zaug ntawm cev xeeb tub.

Qhov no tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb xws li iniencephaly. Nws tseem ceeb heev rau kev ua neej noj qab haus huv, tsis txhob haus cawv thiab haus luam yeeb, thiab tswj cov mob xws li ntshav qab zib. Yog tias koj muaj lus nug lossis kev tsis ntseeg, nco ntsoov nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham. Lawv yuav muab cov lus qhia tsim nyog rau koj.

Kev tsis taus menyuam, kev yug tsis zoo, kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb, folic acid, cev xeeb tub, yug los