Yog koj muaj mob ntshav qab zib, lo lus 'insulin' tej zaum koj yuav paub zoo heev. Tej zaum koj yuav yog tus siv cov tshuaj insulin txhua hnub. Tab sis insulin yog dab tsi tiag? Nws ua dab tsi hauv peb lub cev? Cia peb tham txog nws yooj yim thiab meej. Koj yuav pom cov lus teb rau tag nrho koj cov lus nug hauv tsab xov xwm no.
Insulin yog dab tsi thiab nws ua haujlwm li cas?
Hais yooj yim xwb, insulin yog ib yam tshuaj hormones uas peb lub cev tsim tawm. Nws yog tsim los ntawm ib lub cev hu ua pancreas, uas nyob hauv peb lub plab, tom qab lub plab. Yog li ntawd, txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov insulin no yog los pab hloov cov khoom noj uas peb noj mus ua lub zog, thaum tswj cov suab thaj hauv peb cov ntshav.
Xav txog tias koj noj ib yam dab tsi uas muaj cov carbohydrates, xws li ib daim mov lossis ib daim mov ci. Cov carbohydrates no raug zom hauv peb txoj hnyuv thiab ua ib qho suab thaj yooj yim hu ua 'glucose'. Cov glucose no ces nkag mus rau hauv peb cov ntshav. Tom qab ntawd peb cov suab thaj hauv cov ntshav nce siab.
Nov yog thaum peb cov insulin 'hero' tawm los. Thaum cov ntshav qab zib nce ntxiv, lub pancreas yuav tso cov tshuaj insulin rau hauv cov ntshav. Nws zoo li lub tshuab cua txias hauv peb lub tsev. Thaum qhov kub hauv chav nce ntxiv, lub tshuab cua txias yuav qhib thiab ua rau chav txias, thiab thaum qhov kub txo qis, nws yuav kaw.
Yog li cov insulin no uas raug tso tawm yuav coj cov glucose hauv cov ntshav thiab xa mus rau cov cell ntawm peb lub cev. Cov cell siv cov glucose ntawd los ua lub zog uas peb xav tau thoob plaws hnub. Insulin kuj qhia peb kom khaws cov glucose ntxiv rau hauv peb lub siab thiab cov leeg rau kev siv tom qab. Thaum cov glucose nkag mus rau hauv cov cell li no, cov ntshav qab zib yuav poob qis rov qab mus rau qhov qub.
Tiamsis rau qee tus neeg, lub pancreas tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov insulin txaus, lossis lub cev tsis tuaj yeem siv cov insulin uas nws tsim tau zoo. Qhov no kuj hu ua 'insulin resistance'. Hauv qhov no, qab zib sib sau ua ke hauv cov ntshav thiab qib qab zib yeej ib txwm siab. Peb hu qhov mob no ua hyperglycemia . Muaj qab zib ntau dhau hauv cov ntshav ntev yog qhov ua rau muaj ntshav qab zib.
Insulin thiab Glucagon: Ob Tug Phooj Ywg Uas Tswj Qab Zib
Glucagon , lwm yam tshuaj hormones tseem ceeb uas peb lub pancreas tsim tawm, nrog rau insulin, ua haujlwm tawm tsam ib leeg, tab sis kom lub cev cov piam thaj hauv lub cev sib npaug.
- Insulin: Txo cov ntshav qab zib.
- Glucagon: Ua rau cov ntshav qab zib nce ntxiv.
Xav txog tias koj tsis tau noj mov raws sijhawm, lossis koj tau tawm dag zog ntau heev. Ces koj cov ntshav qab zib yuav poob qis. Lub sijhawm no, lub pancreas tso glucagon. Glucagon hais rau lub siab kom ntxiv cov suab thaj uas tau khaws cia ua ntej (glycogen) rov qab rau hauv cov ntshav. Ces cov ntshav qab zib rov qab mus rau qhov qub.
Ua li no, ob hom tshuaj hormones insulin thiab glucagon ua haujlwm rov qab los thoob plaws hnub, ua kom peb cov ntshav qab zib nyob hauv ib qho ntau yam.
Cov tshuaj insulin twg raug muab rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib?
Vim tias ib tug neeg uas muaj ntshav qab zib tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau lawv tus kheej cov insulin, lawv yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj insulin rau sab nraud los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj. Muaj ntau hom insulin. Lawv muab faib ua peb pawg tseem ceeb.
1. Pib muaj mob: Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pib ua haujlwm sai npaum li cas tom qab muab tshuaj rau.
2. Lub sijhawm siab tshaj plaws: Lub sijhawm uas siv rau lub zog ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom ncav cuag nws qib siab tshaj plaws.
3. Lub Sijhawm (lub sijhawm uas nws nyob hauv lub cev): Ib koob tshuaj ib zaug yuav tswj tau cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav ntev npaum li cas.
Hom insulin uas koj tus kws kho mob sau rau koj yuav txawv nyob ntawm cov yam no.
| Hom Insulin (Hom) | Lub sijhawm pib | Kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws | Lub Sijhawm |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ua haujlwm sai Piv txwv li: Insulin aspart, Insulin lispro | Kwv yees li 15 feeb | Kwv yees li 1 teev | 2-4 teev |
| Ua haujlwm luv luv Piv txwv li: Cov tshuaj insulin ib txwm (Humulin R, Novolin R) | Kwv yees li 30 feeb | 2-3 teev | 3-6 teev |
| Ua haujlwm nruab nrab Piv txwv li: NPH insulin (Humulin N, Novolin N) | 2-4 teev | 4-12 teev | 12-18 teev |
| Ua haujlwm ntev Piv txwv li: Insulin glargine (Lantus), Insulin detemir (Levemir) | Kwv yees li 2 teev | Tsis Muaj Lub Nceeg Siab | Txog li 24 teev |
| Ua haujlwm ntev heev Piv txwv li: Insulin degludec (Tresiba) | Kwv yees li 6 teev | Tsis Muaj Lub Nceeg Siab | 36 teev lossis ntau dua |
Koj xaiv cov insulin zoo li cas rau koj?
Qhov no tsis yog ib yam dab tsi uas koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ntawm koj tus kheej. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab hom, koob tshuaj, thiab lub sijhawm ntawm cov insulin uas zoo tshaj plaws rau koj raws li koj tus mob. Muaj ntau yam uas cuam tshuam rau qhov no:
- Cov hom thiab qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom noj uas koj noj
- koj lub hnub nyoog
- Koj qib kev ua ub ua no (koj puas tawm dag zog lossis tsis tawm dag zog)
- Yuav ua li cas tswj koj cov ntshav qab zib
- Lub sijhawm uas lub cev siv los nqus cov insulin
Cov hau kev los kho cov tshuaj insulin:
- Koob txhaj tshuaj: Txoj kev siv ntau tshaj plaws. Cov koob tshuaj insulin uas tau teem tseg yog nqus los ntawm lub raj mis rau hauv lub koob txhaj tshuaj thiab txhaj rau hauv qab daim tawv nqaij.
- Cov Cwj Mem: Cov no yooj yim siv heev. Lawv yog cov khoom siv zoo li cwj mem uas muaj lub thawv tshuaj insulin puv. Koj tuaj yeem teem cov koob tshuaj kom raug nrog lub pob thiab tom qab ntawd txhaj tshuaj rau nws los ntawm kev nias lub pob.
- Lub Twj Tso Kua Mis Insulin: Qhov no yog ib lub cuab yeej me me uas maj mam tso cov insulin rau hauv lub cev hauv 24 teev. Feem ntau nws raug cog rau hauv qab daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub plab.
Puas muaj tej yam tshwm sim ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj insulin?
Yog lawm, qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm kev siv insulin yog tias cov ntshav qab zib poob qis dhau. Qhov no hu ua hypoglycemia . Qhov mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim yog tias cov ntshav qab zib poob qis dua 70 mg / dL.
Cov tsos mob ntawm hypoglycemia feem ntau:
- Xav tias ntxhov siab, tsis nyob twj ywm
- Tawm hws ntau heev
- Kev tshee hnyo ntawm lub cev
- Xav tias tshaib plab heev
- Kiv taub hau , qhov muag xiav
- Kev tsis meej pem, kev npau taws
Tseem Ceeb: Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob no, nws yuav yog xwm txheej ceev. Tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej nws. Thaum koj xav tias koj cov ntshav qab zib qis, haus ib yam dab tsi qab zib (ib diav suab thaj, qee cov glucose, dej qab zib) thiab hu rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Hauv qee kis mob hnyav, koj yuav tsum mus rau chav kho mob ceev (ETU) ntawm tsev kho mob.
Tsis tshua muaj, tej zaum yuav muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj xws li liab, khaus, thiab o ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj. Yog tias qhov no tshwm sim, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog qhov no.
Koj txhaj tshuaj insulin qhov twg tiag?
Yuav tsum txhaj tshuaj insulin rau hauv cov rog hauv qab daim tawv nqaij. Qhov no yog qhov uas nws nqus mus rau hauv cov ntshav thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo. Qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov no yog:
- Plab: Txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub plab, tseg li 2 ntiv tes ntawm qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig lub pij ntaws.
- Sab nraub qaum ntawm caj npab: Sab nraub qaum ntawm sab caj npab sab saud.
- Sab ceg: Sab pem hauv ntej lossis sab ntawm sab ceg.
- Sab saud ntawm thaj tsam pob tw.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog, tsis txhob txhaj tshuaj rau tib qho chaw txhua hnub. Yog tias koj txhaj tshuaj rau sab caj npab xis hnub no, txhaj rau sab caj npab laug tag kis. Yog tias koj txhaj tshuaj rau sab xis ntawm lub plab hnub no, txhaj rau sab laug tag kis. Hom kev hloov pauv qhov chaw no yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Txwv tsis pub, yog tias koj pheej txhaj tshuaj rau tib qho chaw, cov pob me me (lipohypertrophy) yuav tsim nyob rau hauv qab daim tawv nqaij ntawm cov chaw ntawd. Vim yog cov pob ntawd, lub cev yuav tsis nqus insulin kom zoo tom qab.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Insulin yog ib yam tshuaj hormone tseem ceeb uas tsim tawm hauv peb lub cev uas tswj cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav.
- Thaum koj muaj ntshav qab zib, qhov ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev insulin no raug cuam tshuam, yog li koj yuav tsum tau noj insulin los ntawm sab nraud.
- Muaj ntau hom insulin. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab seb hom thiab koob tshuaj twg zoo tshaj plaws rau koj tus mob.
- Qhov kev pheej hmoo tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv insulin yog cov ntshav qab zib qis (hypoglycemia). Nco ntsoov paub txog nws cov tsos mob.
- Yog koj muaj lus nug, kev txhawj xeeb, lossis kev tsis ntseeg txog insulin, tsis txhob ntshai tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov ntawd.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus