Koj cov ntshav qhia zaj dab neeg - Txhua yam hais txog Kev suav ntshav tag nrho (CBC)!

Niaj hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib yam tseem ceeb heev rau koj thiab kuv. Qhov ntawd yog kev kuaj ntshav hauv peb lub cev. Tej zaum koj tau hnov ​​​​​​kws kho mob hais tias, "Cia peb kuaj ntshav" thaum koj mus ntsib kws kho mob? Ib qho ntawm cov kev kuaj ntshav no yog "Kev suav ntshav tag nrho (CBC)". Qhov no tuaj yeem qhia peb ntau yam txog cov neeg ua haujlwm me me thiab cov neeg zov hauv peb lub cev. Yog li, cia peb saib seb qhov kev kuaj 'CBC' no yog dab tsi, vim li cas nws thiaj ua, thiab nws qhia peb li cas?

Ntshav yog dab tsi, thiab vim li cas nws thiaj muaj nqis rau peb?

Xav txog seb, peb lub cev zoo li lub nroog loj. Muaj ib txoj kev loj uas siv thauj khoom, cov lus, thiab cov khib nyiab mus thoob plaws hauv lub nroog no, puas yog? Yog li ntawd cov ntshav uas ntws los ntawm peb cov leeg. Muaj ntau yam zoo kawg nkaus hauv cov ntshav no, nws zoo li lub ntiaj teb me me! Muaj peb ntu uas peb tsom mus rau hauv qhov kev xeem 'CBC' no.

Cov Qog Ntshav Liab - Cov ntshav uas tseem ceeb rau peb lub cev

Koj puas paub leej twg nqa cov pa oxygen uas nkag mus rau hauv lub ntsws thaum peb ua pa mus rau txhua lub cell me me hauv lub cev, txij ntawm peb cov ntiv tes mus rau lub hlwb hlwb? Qhov kev pabcuam zoo ntawd yog ua los ntawm cov qe ntshav liab, lossis 'Cov Qog Ntshav Liab (RBCs). Cov no zoo li cov discs me me, puag ncig, thiab nkhaus. Cov no yog cov uas nqa cov pa oxygen thoob plaws lub cev, faib rau txhua lub cell, thiab coj cov khoom pov tseg ntawm cov cell ntawd, 'Carbon Dioxide', rov qab mus rau lub ntsws. Peb tau txais lub zog los khiav, dhia, ua haujlwm, thiab xav vim tias cov qe ntshav liab no ua lawv txoj haujlwm kom raug. Thaum cov qe ntshav liab no qis, peb hais tej yam xws li "anemia", "daj ntseg", "me ntsis nkees", "xav nkees". Cov kws kho mob kuj hu qhov mob no tias " anemia ".

Cov Qog Ntshav Dawb - Cov Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv Lub Cev

Tam sim no saib, thaum cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj kab mob, xws li cov kab mob bacteria, cov kab mob virus, thiab cov fungi, sim nkag mus rau hauv peb lub cev, puas muaj leej twg tawm tsam lawv? Qhov ntawd yog qhov uas cov qe ntshav dawb, lossis 'Cov qe ntshav dawb (WBCs), yog rau. Cov neeg no zoo li cov tub rog thiab tub ceev xwm hauv peb lub tebchaws. Cov qe ntshav dawb no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm peb lub cev lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob .

Muaj ntau hom qe ntshav dawb no, thiab txhua hom muaj ib txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb rau nws.

• Muaj ib co qe ntshav dawb mus ncaj qha rau cov kab mob thiab 'noj lawv' (qhov no hu ua 'Phagocytosis').
• Lwm cov tsim cov protein tshwj xeeb hu ua 'antibodies' tawm tsam cov kab mob ntawd. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no lo rau cov kab mob thiab ua rau lawv tsis ua haujlwm.

Yog li ntawd, thaum peb lub cev kis tau tus kab mob, cov qe ntshav dawb no yuav nce ntxiv kom npaj rau kev sib ntaus sib tua. Ib yam li ntawd, qee yam mob ua xua, qee hom qe ntshav dawb no kuj tuaj yeem nce ntxiv.

Cov Platelets - cov phab ej me me uas tiv thaiv kev los ntshav

Koj puas nco qab thaum koj ntog thaum koj ua si lossis txiav koj txhais tes nrog riam thaum koj txiav zaub, thiab tom qab ntawd cov ntshav tsis los lawm tom qab ib pliag? Qhov ntawd yog qhov uas cov platelets, lossis 'Platelets' (lwm lub npe yog 'Thrombocytes'), pab nrog. Cov no tsis yog cov cell tag nrho, tab sis cov khoom tawg uas tawg los ntawm cov cell loj dua hauv cov pob txha. Tab sis txawm tias lawv me me, lawv ua haujlwm loj. Thaum cov hlab ntsha raug puas tsuaj qhov twg thiab cov ntshav pib xau tawm, cov platelets no yog cov uas sai sai tuaj rau ntawd thiab lo ua ke, tsim ib lub mesh los kaw qhov txhab. Ib yam li thaum lub qhov tsim nyob rau hauv lub culvert ntawm txoj kev, pob zeb thiab xuab zeb raug siv los sau nws. Qhov no hu ua ntshav txhaws . Yog tias tus lej ntawm cov platelets no txo ​​qis, nws tuaj yeem nyuaj rau kom tsis txhob los ntshav txawm tias los ntawm qhov txhab me me. Qee zaum, cov pos hniav yuav los ntshav, thiab lub cev yuav tsuas yog xiav rau qee qhov chaw (zoo li nws nyuam qhuav raug ntaus).

Yog li qhov kev kuaj ntshav tag nrho (CBC) no yog dab tsi?

Zoo, tam sim no koj muaj lub tswv yim me ntsis txog cov tub rog tseem ceeb thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv koj cov ntshav. Yog li, qhov 'Kev suav ntshav tag nrho (CBC)' no yog qhov kev xeem uas suav seb muaj pes tsawg cov qe ntshav liab, cov qe ntshav dawb, thiab cov platelets nyob hauv cov qauv ntawm koj cov ntshav. Tsis yog li ntawd xwb, nws tseem tuaj yeem ntsuas lwm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb txog cov qe ntshav no, piv txwv li, cov qe ntshav liab loj lossis me (uas yog, qhov loj me), lawv cov duab yog dab tsi, thiab hemoglobin '(Haemoglobin lossis Hb)' ntau npaum li cas, cov protein tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv cov qe ntshav liab uas nqa oxygen, yog. Nws kuj saib seb muaj pes tsawg hom qe ntshav dawb.

Tus kws kho mob yuav xaj kom kuaj "CBC" no vim ntau yam.

• Nrhiav seb koj puas muaj mob: Thaum koj muaj cov tsos mob xws li kub taub hau, mob lub cev, qaug zog heev, ntsej muag dawb paug, thiab muaj kab mob ntau zaus, qhov no tuaj yeem pab txiav txim seb qhov ua rau yog kab mob, ntshav tsis txaus, lossis lwm yam teeb meem.
• Tshawb xyuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus kab mob uas twb muaj lawm: Hauv qee cov kab mob (piv txwv li leukemia, qee cov kab mob autoimmune), kev hloov pauv tshwm sim hauv cov qe ntshav. Yog li, CBC kuj pab pom seb tus kab mob puas tswj tau thiab yog tias kev kho mob ua haujlwm.
• Tshawb xyuas cov teebmeem ntawm qee cov tshuaj: Qee cov tshuaj (piv txwv li, chemotherapy, tshuaj tua kab mob) tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov pob txha pob txha, uas ua rau cov qe ntshav. Yog li, thaum koj tau txais cov tshuaj ntawd, qhov kev kuaj no feem ntau yog ua los saib seb lawv puas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj lossis txo cov qe ntshav.
• Ua ntej phais loj: CBC yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua ntej phais kom paub seb cov ntshav puas txaus, seb cov ntshav puas tuaj yeem khov tau zoo, thiab seb puas muaj kev kis kab mob.
• Ua ib feem ntawm kev kuaj mob niaj hnub:Txawm tias tsis muaj mob los xij, qee zaum CBC tuaj yeem ua ib feem ntawm kev kuaj xyuas txhua xyoo kom paub tseeb tias txhua yam ua haujlwm zoo hauv peb lub cev. Muaj tej lub sijhawm uas nws tuaj yeem pab peb txheeb xyuas thaum ntxov, txawm tias nws yog ib qho mob uas pib hauv peb yam tsis tau peb paub txog.

Peb kawm tau dab tsi los ntawm kev kuaj CBC?

Thaum koj pom ntau tus lej thiab cov ntawv hauv daim ntawv qhia 'CBC' no, tej zaum koj yuav xav tias, "Auj, qhov no yog dab tsi?" Tsis txhob ntshai. Tsuas yog koj tus kws kho mob thiaj li txhais tau daim ntawv qhia no thiab muab cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb rau koj qhov xwm txheej. Tab sis rau cov ntaub ntawv dav dav, cia peb saib qee yam tseem ceeb uas nws hais.

Tej yam yuav tsum tau saib los ntawm qhov pom ntawm cov qe ntshav liab (RBC):

• Tus lej ntawm cov qe ntshav liab (RBC Count): Qhov no yog tus lej tag nrho ntawm cov qe ntshav liab hauv lub cev. Yog tias qhov no qis dua li qub, nws yuav qhia tau tias muaj ntshav tsis txaus.
• Haemoglobin (Hb): Qhov no yog cov protein hauv cov qe ntshav liab uas nqa oxygen. Kev txo qis ntawm qhov ntau no kuj yog ib qho tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsis muaj ntshav txaus. Cov nqi ib txwm muaj sib txawv rau cov txiv neej, cov poj niam, cov menyuam yaus, thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub.
• Hematocrit (Hct) / Packed Cell Volume (PCV): Qhov no qhia koj tias koj cov ntshav muaj pes tsawg feem pua ​​ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Hais yooj yim xwb, nws zoo li 'tuab' ntawm cov qe ntshav liab hauv koj cov ntshav. Qhov no kuj pab txiav txim seb koj puas muaj ntshav tsis txaus. Cov kws kho mob kuj saib xyuas seb tus nqi 'PCV' no hloov pauv li cas hauv cov kab mob xws li dengue.
• MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume), MCH (Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin), MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration), RDW (Red Cell Distribution Width): Cov ntawv Askiv no qhia koj qhov nruab nrab ntawm koj cov qe ntshav liab, qhov ntau ntawm haemoglobin (Hb) hauv ib lub qe ntshav liab, qhov ntom ntawm haemoglobin nyob hauv cov qe ntshav liab, thiab qhov loj ntawm cov qe ntshav liab (piv txwv li ntau yam loj). Cov no yog cov khoom uas koj tus kws kho mob siv tau los txiav txim siab seb koj puas muaj ntshav tsis txaus, txawm tias nws yog vim ntshav tsis txaus hlau, vitamin B12 lossis folic acid deficiency (Megaloblastic Anaemia), ib yam mob uas tau los ntawm noob caj noob ces xws li thalassaemia, lossis lwm yam.

Tej yam yuav tsum tau saib xyuas txog cov qe ntshav dawb (WBC):

• Tus lej ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb (WBC Count): Qhov no yog tus lej tag nrho ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb hauv lub cev. Yog tias qhov no siab dua li qub, nws feem ntau yog vim muaj kev kis kab mob lossis o ntawm qhov chaw hauv lub cev. Qee zaum, tus lej no tuaj yeem siab dhau hauv cov mob qog noj ntshav xws li leukemia. Nws kuj yog teeb meem yog tias tus lej no qis dua li qub. Nws tuaj yeem yog vim qee qhov kev kis kab mob viral (piv txwv li, theem pib ntawm dengue), teeb meem pob txha, lossis qee yam tshuaj.
• Tus lej sib txawv (DC):Qhov no qhia koj tias muaj pes tsawg hom qe ntshav dawb sib txawv (feem ntau) ua feem pua.
• Cov Neutrophils: Cov no yog cov tub rog tseem ceeb uas tawm tsam cov kab mob bacterial. Lawv feem pua ​​thiab cov lej tag nrho nce ntxiv thaum muaj kab mob bacterial.
• Cov Lymphocytes: Cov no pab tiv thaiv cov kab mob viral thiab tsim kom muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Hauv cov kab mob viral xws li dengue, lawv feem pua ​​yuav nce ntxiv, thaum feem pua ​​ntawm cov neutrophils yuav txo qis (qhov no hu ua 'Relative Lymphocytosis').
• Monocytes: Cov no kuj ua haujlwm tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob, 'ntxuav' cov hlwb tuag thiab cov kab mob.
• Eosinophils: Cov no tuaj yeem nce ntxiv rau cov mob ua xua (piv txwv li mob hawb pob, eczema, ua xua rau cov hmoov av mites) thiab cov kab mob parasitic (piv txwv li pinworms).
• Basophils: Cov no kuj tseem ceeb rau kev ua xua thiab qee yam mob o.

Tej yam yuav tsum xav txog los ntawm qhov pom ntawm cov platelets:

• Tus lej ntawm cov ntshav platelet: Qhov no yog tus lej ntawm cov ntshav platelets uas pab cov ntshav txhaws. Yog tias cov no qis dua li qub (qhov no hu ua 'Thrombocytopenia'), muaj feem ntau dua los ntshav. Tej zaum koj yuav tau hnov ​​​​​​txog qhov txo qis ntawm cov ntshav platelets no thaum muaj mob dengue fever. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias cov no siab dua ('Thrombocytosis'), qee zaum cov ntshav txhaws tuaj yeem tsim hauv cov hlab ntsha tsis tsim nyog.

Tseem ceeb heev: Txhua tus lej no muaj "Qib Ib Txwm." Tab sis koj yuav tsum paub tias cov qib ntawd tuaj yeem txawv me ntsis ntawm chav kuaj mus rau chav kuaj, thiab nyob ntawm tej yam xws li koj lub hnub nyoog, poj niam txiv neej, thiab qhov siab. Yog li, kom tau txais cov ntsiab lus tseeb ntawm cov lej hauv koj daim ntawv qhia, koj yuav tsum tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob . Thov tsis txhob xav tias koj muaj kab mob tsuas yog saib cov khoom hauv internet lossis piv rau daim ntawv qhia ntawm tus phooj ywg. Qhov ntawd tsuas yog ua rau muaj kev ntshai tsis tsim nyog.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj kuaj tau CBC? Puas yog ib yam uas yuav tsum ntshai?

Tam sim no tej zaum koj yuav xav paub seb qhov kev kuaj 'CBC' no puas yog ib yam dab tsi uas koj yuav tsum ua, lossis nws puas yuav mob. Tsis muaj dab tsi yuav tsum ntshai. Nws yooj yim heev, thiab nws tsuas yog siv ob peb feeb xwb.

Feem ntau nws yuav tsum tau kuaj ntshav me me los ntawm cov leeg ntshav hauv koj txhais caj npab (feem ntau nyob hauv qab koj lub luj tshib, qhov uas nws pom tau yooj yim). Qhov no yog ua los ntawm tus kws kho mob, tus kws tu mob uas tau kawm tiav, lossis tus kws tshaj lij hauv chaw kuaj mob hauv chaw kuaj mob.

1. Ua ntej, qhov chaw uas yuav rub cov ntshav yuav tsum tau ntxuav kom huv si nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob xws li cawv.

2. Tom qab ntawd, muab ib rab koob me me, nyias nyias (koob tsis muaj kab mob) ntxig rau hauv cov leeg ntshav, thiab muab cov ntshav uas xav tau (kwv yees li ob peb milliliters) sau rau hauv ib lub raj tshwj xeeb. Lub raj no muaj ib yam tshuaj (anticoagulant) uas tiv thaiv cov ntshav kom tsis txhob txhaws.

3. Tom qab rho rab koob tawm lawm, muab ib daim ntaub nplaum me me los yog paj rwb tso rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawd thiab tuav nws ib pliag kom txog thaum cov ntshav tsis ntws tag.

Thaum muab koob txhaj rau hauv, nws yuav zoo li ib tug ntsaum me me lossis yoov tshaj cum tom koj . Tab sis nws tsuas kav li ob peb feeb xwb. Tom qab ntawd, tsis mob. Ib txhia neeg ntshai koob me ntsis, uas yog ib qho ib txwm muaj. Yog tias koj zoo li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem ntsia mus rau lwm qhov thiab ua pa tob tob thaum lub sijhawm rho ntshav. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab txo qhov kev ntshai me ntsis. Tuav koj txhais tes ib pliag tom qab rho ntshav lawm kuj yuav pab txo qhov muaj feem uas thaj chaw ntawd yuav tig xiav.

Cov ntshav no ces xa mus rau chav kuaj mob, qhov chaw uas suav cov hom cell uas tau hais los saum toj no thiab kuaj xyuas lawv cov ntsiab lus. Feem ntau nws yuav siv sijhawm ob peb teev, qee zaum ib hnub, kom daim ntawv qhia tuaj txog, nyob ntawm seb lub chaw kuaj mob ua haujlwm li cas.

Yog li, yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov txog CBC no yog dab tsi? (Cov Lus Qhia Coj Mus Tsev)

Zoo, peb tau tham ntau txog qhov kev kuaj 'Complete Blood Count (CBC)'. Yog li, ntawm no yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov los ntawm txhua yam no:

• Ib qho 'CBC' yog ib qho kev kuaj uas siv ntau thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo uas ntsuas cov hom hlwb tseem ceeb hauv koj cov ntshav, uas yog cov hlwb ntshav liab, cov hlwb ntshav dawb, thiab cov hlwb ntshav platelets, nrog rau lawv lwm yam tseem ceeb (xws li hemoglobin).
• Qhov kev kuaj no pab koj kuaj mob qee yam kab mob hauv koj lub cev (piv txwv li, ntshav tsis txaus, ntau yam kab mob sib kis, qee yam mob qog noj ntshav), saib seb tus kab mob zoo li cas, thiab saib xyuas cov tshuaj uas siv.
• Txhua hom cell hauv cov ntshav muaj nws txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Cov cell liab nqa oxygen, cov cell dawb tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab cov platelets tiv thaiv kev los ntshav. Yog tias ib qho ntawm cov no tsis txaus, peb txoj kev noj qab haus huv yuav raug cuam tshuam.
• Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum qhia rau tus kws kho mob txog cov lej thiab cov tsiaj ntawv hauv daim ntawv qhia 'CBC'. Qhov 'Normal Range' yuav txawv me ntsis ntawm chav kuaj mus rau chav kuaj. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob maj nrawm thiab ntshai lossis zoo siab yam tsis tsim nyog.
• Kev pub ntshav yog ib yam yooj yim heev uas los nrog qhov mob me me, ob peb vib nas this. Tsis muaj dab tsi yuav tsum ntshai.
• Yog koj mob los yog muaj tej yam tsos mob uas tsis paub meej (piv txwv li, qaug zog tas li, kub taub hau tas li, los ntshav ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm koj lub cev), mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd kom tau lus qhia. Nws yuav hais kom koj kuaj CBC los yog lwm yam kev kuaj yog tias tsim nyog.

Thaum kawg, qhov kev xeem 'CBC' no zoo li ib daim iav uas qhia ntau yam txog lub ntiaj teb me me hauv peb lub cev, txog peb txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho kev pab zoo rau peb kom ua qhov kev xeem no rau lub sijhawm zoo, siv cov ntaub ntawv tau los ntawm nws kom raug, thiab tswj peb txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Xav kom txhua tus muaj kev noj qab haus huv zoo!

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