Koj puas tau xav tias nws tshwm sim sai npaum li cas thaum koj xav txav koj txhais tes? Los yog peb rub peb txhais tes rov qab tom qab kov ib yam dab tsi kub? Tag nrho cov no tshwm sim vim yog cov lus hluav taws xob ceev heev uas mus los ntawm peb lub hlwb mus rau lwm qhov ntawm peb lub cev, thiab los ntawm qee qhov ntawm peb lub cev rov qab mus rau peb lub hlwb. Yog li, peb cov hlab ntsha muaj ib lub 'txheej tiv thaiv' tshwj xeeb nyob ib puag ncig lawv uas pab cov lus no mus tau sai thiab tsis muaj teeb meem. Qhov ntawd yog qhov peb hu ua Myelin Sheath . Hnub no peb yuav tham txog qhov myelin sheath zoo kawg no.
Hauv lwm lo lus, myelin sheath no yog dab tsi?
Xav txog tias hluav taws xob hauv peb lub tsev yog ib txoj hlua xwb. Txoj hlua ntawd muaj ib daim yas npog ib ncig ntawm nws. Vim li cas? Ib qho yog nws tiv thaiv txoj hlua. Lwm qhov yog nws pab kom hluav taws xob mus txog qhov chaw uas nws xav tau sai sai, tsis txhob xau mus rau lwm qhov chaw.
Qhov no kuj muaj tseeb rau lub plhaub myelin. Qhov no yog ib txheej tshwj xeeb ua los ntawm cov lipids thiab cov protein . Lub plhaub myelin no yog qhwv ib ncig ntawm qhov ntev tshaj plaws ntawm peb cov neurons, lub 'hlau' tseem ceeb uas nqa cov lus. Qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog tiv thaiv lub hlwb xwb, tab sis kuj pab cov teeb liab hluav taws xob mus ncig sai thiab zoo heev.
Cia peb xub nkag siab me ntsis txog cov feem ntawm lub hlwb.
Yuav kom nkag siab qhov no, cia peb piv ib lub neuron rau ib tsob ntoo me me. Ces koj tuaj yeem nco qab qhov no yooj yim heev.
1. Lub cev cell (Soma): Qhov no zoo li lub hauv paus ntawm tsob ntoo. Ib yam li cov hauv paus ntawm tsob ntoo nqus cov as-ham los ntawm cov av, cov dendrites , uas yog cov hauv paus zoo li lub cev cell, 'nqus' cov lus tshuaj los ntawm lwm cov cell hlab ntsha nyob ze. Cov lus tshuaj no ces hloov mus ua cov teeb liab hluav taws xob. Lub nucleus ntawm lub cell kuj nyob hauv qhov no.
2. Axon: Qhov no yog qhov ntev uas zoo li lub cev ntoo. Ib yam li cov as-ham los ntawm cov hauv paus ntoo mus rau saum lub cev ntoo, cov teeb liab hluav taws xob uas tsim tawm hauv lub cev cell mus rau ntawm lub axon no.
3. Qhov kawg ntawm Axon: Qhov no zoo li cov paj ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov ceg ntoo. Zoo li nplooj thiab paj tawm ntawm cov paj ntawd, qhov kawg ntawm axon 'tso tawm' lub teeb liab hluav taws xob ntawd mus rau lub hlwb tom ntej.
Qhov no yog li cas cov lus dhia los ntawm ib lub hlwb mus rau lwm qhov. Nws zoo li kev sib tw khiav. Qhov no yog li cas cov lus mus los ntawm peb lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum thoob plaws peb lub cev. Cov leeg nqaij hauv koj txhais tes sib cog lus, koj ua pa, koj lub plawv dhia, tag nrho cov no raug tswj hwm los ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txuas lus zoo kawg no.
Cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm myelin sheath yog dab tsi?
Raws li peb tau tham ua ntej, myelin sheath muaj peb lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb.
- Muab kev ruaj ntseg: ib yam li hluav taws xobIb yam li cov yas qhwv ib ncig ntawm ib txoj hlau, cov txheej txheem no ntawm cov rog thiab cov protein muab kev tiv thaiv zoo rau lub axon ntawm lub cell hlab ntsha.
- Ua kom nrawm dua: Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Lub plhaub myelin tso cai rau cov teeb liab hluav taws xob mus ncig sai thiab zoo heev los ntawm ib lub hlwb paj hlwb mus rau lwm qhov.
- Tswj lub zog ntawm lub teeb liab: Thaum lub teeb liab hluav taws xob mus ncig raws lub axon, nws tuaj yeem qaug zog. Txawm li cas los xij, lub plhaub myelin pab tswj lub zog ntawm lub teeb liab yam tsis txo nws.
Yog hais yooj yim xwb, yog tsis muaj myelin sheath, kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov lus hauv peb lub cev yuav qeeb heev thiab tsis ua haujlwm zoo. Nws yuav zoo li sim mus ncig ntawm Colombo mus rau Matara ntawm cov kev hauv zos uas tsis muaj kev loj.
Yuav ua li cas yog tias myelin sheath raug puas tsuaj?
Muaj li ntawm 100 billion lub hlwb hauv peb lub cev uas ua haujlwm tas li. Txhua yam peb ua yog tswj los ntawm kev sib pauv lus no. Yog li xav txog seb yuav muaj dab tsi tshwm sim yog tias lub myelin sheath nyob ib puag ncig cov hlwb no raug puas tsuaj. Tom qab ntawd cov teeb liab hluav taws xob ceev ceev ntawd yuav pib mus qeeb qeeb, lossis nres tag nrho .
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau qhov kev puas tsuaj no yog vim peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob xav yuam kev tias lub myelin sheath yog ib yam dab tsi ua rau lub cev puas tsuaj los ntawm sab nraud. Tom qab ntawd, peb cov hlwb tiv thaiv kab mob pib tawm tsam lub myelin sheath. Qhov kev tawm tsam no rhuav tshem lub myelin. Peb hu ua cov txheej txheem no demyelination . Dhau sijhawm, txawm tias cov hlwb uas ua rau myelin raug rhuav tshem. Ua li no, peb tsim cov tsos mob sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov chaw uas lub myelin sheath raug puas tsuaj.
Cov kab mob dab tsi ua rau puas tsuaj rau myelin sheath?
Muaj ntau yam kab mob uas ua rau lub myelin sheath puas tsuaj. Tej zaum koj yuav tau hnov txog qee yam ntawm lawv. Cia peb faib cov kab mob no ua ob pawg: cov uas cuam tshuam rau peb lub paj hlwb hauv nruab nrab (CNS), uas yog lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum, thiab cov uas cuam tshuam rau lub paj hlwb peripheral (PNS), uas yog lwm cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub cev.
| Cov kab mob uas ua rau puas tsuaj rau myelin hauv lub paj hlwb hauv nruab nrab (CNS) | |
|---|---|
| Lub Npe Kab Mob | Ib qho lus piav qhia yooj yim |
| Kab mob Multiple Sclerosis (MS) | Qhov no yog cov kab mob uas ua rau puas tsuaj rau myelin uas pom ntau tshaj plaws thiab paub zoo tshaj plaws. Nws tawm tsam cov myelin hauv lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum. |
| Kab mob encephalomyelitis uas kis mus rau lwm qhov | Qhov no yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv kab mob uas tshwm sim sai sai thiab hnyav heev hauv lub paj hlwb. Qhov no yog ib qho mob tsis tshua muaj. |
| Kab mob myelitis hla | Qhov no yog ib qho kab mob autoimmune uas ua rau muaj kev o ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb. |
| Neuromyelitis optica | Ntawm no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam cov hlab ntsha optic thiab cov hlab ntsha caj qaum. |
| Cov kab mob uas ua rau puas tsuaj rau myelin hauv lub paj hlwb peripheral (PNS) | |
|---|---|
| Lub Npe Kab Mob | Ib qho lus piav qhia yooj yim |
| Guillain-Barre syndrome | Ib yam mob uas feem ntau tshwm sim tom qab muaj kev kis kab mob. Tsis tshua muaj, nws kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. |
| Kev mob o ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas ua rau cov hlab ntsha tawg (CIDP) | Qhov no yog ib qho kab mob autoimmune uas maj mam loj hlob uas tawm tsam myelin. |
| Kab mob Charcot Marie Tooth | Qhov no yog ib qho mob uas los ntawm noob caj noob ces, txhais tau tias yog ib qho mob ntawm lub paj hlwb uas los ntawm cov noob caj noob ces. |
| Tsis muaj tooj liab txaus | Qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov hlau tooj liab hauv lub cev tuaj yeem ua rau puas tsuaj thiab ua rau lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv ntawm myelin tsis muaj zog. |
Puas yog myelin puas tsuaj rau lwm yam?
Yog. Ntxiv rau cov kab mob uas tau hais los saum toj no, lub myelin sheath tuaj yeem raug puas tsuaj vim muaj ntau yam laj thawj.
- Mob Stroke: Ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov ntshav ntws mus rau lub hlwb.
- Kev kis kab mob thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub cev: Vim muaj qee qhov kev kis kab mob thiab teeb meem nrog cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg hauv lub cev.
- Tshuaj lom: Kev noj qee yam tshuaj lom.
- Tsis txaus Vitamin B12: Cov vitamin no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov myelin.
- Qee hom tshuaj: Piv txwv li, cov tshuaj xws li ethambutol.
- Kev haus dej cawv ntau dhau: Kev haus dej cawv ntev kuj tseem ua rau myelin puas tsuaj.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, nyob rau hauv cov mob tsis tshua muaj xws li kab mob Tay-Sachs, lub myelin sheath yuav tsis tsim kom zoo.
Puas tuaj yeem kho qhov puas tsuaj rau myelin?
Qhov no yog lo lus nug tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau txhua tus. Qhov xov xwm zoo yog, yog, nws ua tau los kho cov myelin uas puas lawm . Qhov kev kho no tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv peb lub paj hlwb hauv nruab nrab thiab sab nraud.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau qhov no yog tswj cov yam tseem ceeb uas ua rau myelin puas tsuaj. Piv txwv li, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum muab cov tshuaj xws li steroids los tswj kev o uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab siv lwm yam kev kho mob uas tswj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob (kev tiv thaiv kab mob / kev kho mob modulation).
Cov kws tshawb fawb tam sim no tab tom ua ntau yam kev tshawb fawb txog yuav kho cov myelin uas puas lawm li cas. Txawm hais tias tseem tsis tau muaj tshuaj kho myelin uas tau pom zoo los kho, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshawb fawb qhia tau tias muaj kev cia siab zoo rau yav tom ntej.
- Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias cov tshuaj kho mob ua xua "clemastine" muaj peev xwm kho myelin.
- Kev tshawb nrhiav kuj tseem tab tom ua mus rau hauv seb myelin puas tuaj yeem rov tsim dua los ntawm kev siv cov hlwb qia.
- Kev tshawb fawb kuj tseem tab tom ua rau cov tshuaj uas tiv thaiv lub paj hlwb kom tsis txhob raug mob ntxiv.
Yog li, qhov kev tshawb fawb no qhia tau hais tias muaj peev xwm zoo rau kev kho mob zoo dua rau cov neeg mob uas muaj kev puas tsuaj myelin yav tom ntej.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Lub plhaub myelin yog ib daim ntaub tiv thaiv ib puag ncig peb cov hlab ntsha uas ua haujlwm zoo li daim yas npog ntawm cov xov hluav taws xob.
- Qhov no yog vim li cas cov lus hluav taws xob hauv peb lub cev mus ncig sai thiab zoo heev.
- Lub myelin sheath tuaj yeem raug puas tsuaj los ntawm qhov yuam kev hauv peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob lossis rau lwm yam. Peb hu qhov no tias demyelination.
- Cov kab mob loj xws li Multiple Sclerosis (MS) thiab Guillain-Barre syndrome yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau myelin sheath.
- Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntsig txog cov hlab ntsha xws li loog loog, tsis muaj zog, lossis nyuaj rau kev taug kev, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd kom tau txais lus qhia.
- Lub cev muaj peev xwm kho cov myelin uas puas lawm, thiab cov kws tshawb fawb pheej tshawb nrhiav cov kev kho mob tshiab uas tuaj yeem pab tau qhov no.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus