Koj puas hnov ​​qhov txawv no hauv koj ob lub qhov muag? Cia peb tham txog Papilledema!

Koj puas muaj tej lub sij hawm mob taub hau , xav tias koj ob lub qhov muag tsis pom kev lawm? Los yog koj puas muaj tej lub sij hawm pom tej yam ua ob lub? Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob no, tej zaum nws yog ib qho cim qhia tias muaj mob hu ua papilledema. Tsis txhob txhawj, cia peb tham txog nws yooj yim xwb.

Papilledema yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, papilledema yog qhov o ntawm lub disc optic hauv ob lub qhov muag . Qhov no yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev nce siab hauv lub hlwb . Xav txog, muaj cov kua dej nyob ib puag ncig peb lub hlwb thiab nqis mus rau hauv tus txha caj qaum. Peb hu qhov no ua Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) . Cov kua no ib txwm raug tsim thiab rov nqus los ntawm lub cev. Qhov no yog qhov tiv thaiv peb lub hlwb kom tsis txhob raug ntaus thiab los ntawm kev sib tsoo me me. Nws zoo li 'shock absorbers' hauv lub tsheb. Tam sim no, yog tias cov kua 'CSF' no tsis tau nqus kom zoo thiab sib sau ua ke, lossis yog tias nws tsim hauv lub hlwb rau qee qhov laj thawj, qhov siab hauv lub taub hau maj mam nce. Qhov kev nce siab no ua rau lub paj hlwb optic , uas txuas lub qhov muag thiab lub hlwb, kom raug nias thiab nws cov hauv paus, lub disc optic, kom o. Lub disc optic yog qhov chaw uas lub paj hlwb optic nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov muag. Feem ntau, thaum lub siab hauv lub taub hau nce , ob sab papilledema tshwm sim. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov hauv paus paj hlwb optic hauv ob lub qhov muag o. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov hauv paus ntawm lub paj hlwb optic hauv ib lub qhov muag (unilateral) o, peb hu nws tias 'optic disc edema' . Qhov no feem ntau yog vim muaj kev ntxhov siab ntxiv hauv lub taub hau. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias qhov mob no hu ua papilledema tuaj yeem suav tias yog xwm txheej ceev hauv kev kho mob . Vim tias kev ntxhov siab ntxiv hauv lub taub hau yog ib qho teeb meem loj uas qee zaum tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus.

Leej twg raug kev txom nyem tshaj plaws los ntawm tus mob papilloedema no?

Tus mob no, hu ua papilloedema , feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov poj niam. Nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov poj niam hnub nyoog ntawm 20 thiab 44 uas muaj lub cev hnyav (BMI) ntawm 25 lossis ntau dua, uas yog qhov hnyav me ntsis, lossis BMI ntawm 30 lossis ntau dua, uas yog rog dhau . Nws tau pom tias kwv yees li 13 ntawm txhua 100,000 tus neeg hauv pawg ntawd yuav muaj tus mob no. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv lub tebchaws zoo li Tebchaws Meskas, tus mob no tsis yog qhov tshwm sim ntau. Nws tau tshaj tawm hauv tsawg dua ib ntawm txhua 100,000 tus neeg (0.9) ntawm tag nrho cov pej xeem. Yog li, nws tsis yog kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau txhua tus, tab sis nws yog ib yam dab tsi uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tsis hais leej twg muaj nws.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob papilloedema no yog dab tsi?

Qee zaum koj yuav tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi (asymptomatic).Papilledema tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau yam tsos mob uas pom tau:

• Mob taub hau: Qhov no yog cov tsos mob tseem ceeb. Mob taub hau uas los nrog papilledema feem ntau hnov ​​​​thaum koj sawv ntxov lossis thaum koj pw . Nws tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​​​zoo li koj lub taub hau raug zawm los ntawm sab hauv.
• Kev pom tsis meej ib ntus: Qhov no yog ib qho tsos mob tshwj xeeb heev. Tam sim ntawd , rau lub sijhawm luv luv, xws li 5 txog 15 vib nas this, ib lub qhov muag (ib sab) lossis ob lub qhov muag (ob sab) dhau los ua qhov muag tsis meej, xim grey, lossis dub . Qhov no zoo ib yam li lub hli npog lub hnub thaum lub hnub ci ntsa iab. Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim thaum koj hloov chaw, piv txwv li, thaum koj sawv ntsug lossis zaum.
• Pom ob sab (Diplopia): Kev ntxhov siab ntxiv hauv lub pob txha taub hau qee zaum tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha uas tswj cov leeg nqaij uas txav lub qhov muag (cranial nerve palsy) . Qhov no yog thaum ib yam zoo li yog ob yam.
• Xeev siab thiab ntuav: Cov tsos mob no yuav tshwm sim nrog rau mob taub hau.
• Lwm cov tsos mob ntawm lub paj hlwb: Qee tus neeg kuj tseem yuav muaj teeb meem taug kev thiab hloov pauv hauv kev xav.

Nco ntsoov, yog tias qhov mob no tsis kho kom zoo, qhov muag pom kev tuaj yeem maj mam ploj mus raws sijhawm.

Xav txog, muaj ib tug poj niam hluas hu ua Nimali. Nws rog dhau me ntsis. Tau ob peb lub hlis, nws tau mob taub hau heev thaum nws sawv thaum sawv ntxov. Qee zaum, thaum nws sawv, nws lub zeem muag dub mus rau ob peb feeb. Nws xav tias nws tsuas yog qaug zog xwb. Tab sis muaj ib hnub, nws mam li pib pom tej yam hauv ob txoj kev. Thaum ntawd nws ntshai thiab mus ntsib kws kho mob. Tsuas yog thaum tus kws kho mob kuaj nws lub qhov muag nws thiaj pom tias nws muaj papilloedema.

Dab tsi ua rau papilloedema?

Raws li peb tau tham ua ntej lawm, papilledema yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev nce siab hauv lub taub hau . Yog li, muaj ntau yam laj thawj uas ua rau qhov kev nce siab no tuaj yeem nce ntxiv:

• Mob ntshav siab malignant: Yog tias koj muaj ntshav siab uas tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau, nws yuav yog ib qho ua rau qhov no.
• Cov qog nqaij hlav: Qee hom qog nqaij hlav uas tshwm sim hauv lossis nyob ib puag ncig lub hlwb tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau ntxiv.
• Kev kis kab mob, los ntshav, lossis o/mob rau lub hlwb thiab cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb: Yog tias muaj kev kis kab mob, los ntshav, lossis o rau lub hlwb lossis cov ntaub so ntswg uas npog lub hlwb thiab cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb (meninges), qhov ntawd kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntxiv.
• Kev mob thrombosis ntawm cov hlab ntsha cerebral:Yog tias cov ntshav txhaws hauv cov hlab ntsha loj (vein) hauv lub hlwb, nws kuj tuaj yeem thaiv cov dej ntws ntawm CSF, ua rau muaj kev siab ntxiv.
• Kab mob ntshav tsis txaus hlau: Qhov no kuj tau pom tias muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog qee zaum.
• Qee cov tshuaj: Kev siv qee cov tshuaj kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qhov no. Piv txwv li, Retin-A thiab retinoids (cov tshuaj uas muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog vitamin A), kev noj vitamin A ntau dhau, tshuaj tua kab mob tetracycline, kev kis tus kab mob COVID-19, thiab corticosteroids (cov tshuaj steroid) kuj tau tshaj tawm tias muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog qhov no.
• Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH): Qee zaum qhov siab hauv lub taub hau nce ntxiv, tab sis tsis muaj laj thawj tseeb. Lo lus "idiopathic" txhais tau tias "tsis paub ua rau." Tus mob "IIH" no feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov poj niam hluas thiab rog dhau.

Puas yog papilloedema yog los ntawm noob caj noob ces?

Tsis yog, papilloedema tsis yog kab mob uas tau los ntawm noob caj noob ces .

Puas yog migraine ua rau papilledema?

Tsis yog, papilledema tsis tshwm sim vim yog mob taub hau migraine. Txawm li cas los xij, ib tus neeg uas muaj papilledema yuav muaj mob taub hau zoo ib yam li mob taub hau migraine. Yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub meej tias nws yog dab tsi.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj paub tseeb tias papilledema yog dab tsi?

Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob xws li mob taub hau thiab pom kev hloov pauv, koj yuav raug kuaj pom tias muaj papilledema thaum koj mus ntsib kws kho mob. Koj tus kws kho qhov muag yuav kuaj koj ob lub qhov muag ua ntej. Nws yuav ua cov kev kuaj tshwj xeeb, xws li kev kuaj pom kev . Tom qab ntawd nws yuav nrhiav seb puas o hauv koj lub disc optic. Yog tias lub disc optic zoo li o, koj yuav raug xa mus rau kev kuaj duab . Qhov no feem ntau yog MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) . Qhov no tuaj yeem nrhiav cov qog lossis los ntshav hauv lub hlwb. Qee zaum koj tus kws kho mob kuj tseem yuav hais kom muaj lub lumbar puncture (spinal tap) . Qhov no tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas qhov siab hauv lub taub hau thiab rau kev kis kab mob hauv cov kua dej cerebrospinal (CSF). Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kuaj ntshav yuav ua tau los kuaj xyuas cov khoom xws li cov hlau.

Yuav ntsuas qhov hnyav ntawm papilledema li cas?

Cov kws kho mob siv ib txoj kev hu ua Frisén scale los ntsuas qhov hnyav ntawm papilledema. Nws muaj ntau theem.

• Qib 0: Cov hauv paus paj hlwb optic yog ib txwm muaj, tab sis cov npoo yuav zoo li me ntsis tsis meej.
• Hauv cov theem siab dua xws li Qib V:Tag nrho cov hauv paus paj hlwb ntawm lub qhov muag o thiab loj hlob. Qhov o no hnyav heev ua rau cov hlab ntsha uas nyob rau ntawm thiab tawm ntawm cov hauv paus paj hlwb tsis pom tseeb.

Hais yooj yim xwb, cov theem no qhia tau tias qhov o loj npaum li cas.

Yuav kho tus kab mob papilloedema li cas?

Kev kho mob rau papilledema nyob ntawm seb qhov ua rau muaj li cas .

• Yog tias papilledema yog los ntawm qhov tsis paub meej tias muaj kev nce siab hauv lub hlwb (IIH):
• Koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv kom siv cov tshuaj carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, xws li acetazolamide . Cov tshuaj no pab txo cov kua dej CSF thiab txo qhov siab.
• Nws kuj tseem pab koj tswj koj qhov hnyav kom noj qab nyob zoo . Qhov no yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem mus sij hawm ntev.
• Yog tias cov txheej txheem no ua tsis tau kom txo qhov siab, cov kws kho mob yuav qhia kom phais kom txo qhov siab hauv lub taub hau. Piv txwv li, lub shunt yog ib lub raj uas tso cai rau cov kua dej hauv lub hlwb (CSF) ntws mus rau lwm qhov chaw.

• Yog tias papilloedema tshwm sim rau lwm qhov laj thawj:
• Tus kws kho mob yuav kho qhov ua rau mob . Piv txwv li, yuav kho qhov mob qog hauv hlwb, yuav tswj tau ntshav siab, thiab yuav kho qhov mob kis kab mob nrog tshuaj.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kho tus kab mob papilledema sai sai, vim tias yog tsis kho, nws tuaj yeem ua rau pom kev tsis meej kiag li hauv ib lossis ob lub qhov muag (dig muag).

Puas yuav txo tau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob papilloedema?

Yog, koj tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob papilloedema los ntawm kev saib xyuas qee yam:

• Tswj koj cov ntshav siab (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kom tiv thaiv cov ntshav siab uas txaus ntshai - 'malignant hypertension').
• Tswj koj lub cev kom muaj qhov hnyav zoo . Kev rog dhau yog ib qho ua rau qhov no, yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tswj koj qhov hnyav.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, kev kuaj qhov muag tsis tu ncua yog qhov tseem ceeb heev . Ib yam li lwm yam kab mob, kev kuaj mob thaum ntxov yog qhov tshwm sim zoo tshaj plaws .

Yuav ua li cas yog tias kuv muaj papilloedema?

Yog koj thiab koj tus kws kho mob paub txog qhov mob no thaum ntxov, feem ntau qhov tshwm sim zoo . Koj tus kws kho mob yuav tsom mus rau kev kho qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb. Tab sis nco ntsoov, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum kho papilledema vim tias, ntxiv rau qhov ua rau pom kev tsis meej, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj lwm yam teeb meem ntawm lub paj hlwb.

Thaum twg kuv yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob txog papilloedema thiab nws cov ua rau muaj?

Yog tias koj muaj mob taub hau tshiab uas zuj zus tuaj, thiab koj kuj xeev siab thiab ntuav , koj yuav tsum nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim ntawd . Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias koj pom muaj kev hloov pauv hauv koj qhov muag,Yog tias muaj, qhia rau kws kho mob thiab coj mus kuaj.

Qhov txawv ntawm Papilledema thiab Pseudopapilledema yog dab tsi?

Pseudopapilledema yog ib hom "cuav" ntawm papilledema . Qhov no kuj ua rau lub disc optic zoo li bulging. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis yog tshwm sim los ntawm o ntawm cov hlab ntsha optic. Ib txhia neeg yuav yug los nrog lub disc optic me ntsis bulging, lossis nws yuav zoo li yog tshwm sim los ntawm lwm yam mob, xws li optic disc drusen (calcium zoo li deposits hauv lub disc optic). Vim tias qhov ua rau papilledema tuaj yeem loj heev, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom mus ntsib kws kho mob sai li sai tau yog tias koj muaj kev hloov pauv pom kev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias lawv muaj mob taub hau, xeev siab, lossis ntuav.

Yog li ntawd, peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov dab tsi los ntawm zaj dab neeg no? (Cov Lus Coj Mus Tsev)

Zoo, kuv vam tias koj tam sim no nkag siab zoo dua txog qhov peb tau tham txog, Papilledema. Cia peb rov hais dua cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws:

• Papilledema yog o ntawm cov hauv paus paj hlwb ntawm ob lub qhov muag vim muaj kev ntxhov siab ntxiv hauv lub pob txha taub hau .
• Tej zaum yuav muaj cov tsos mob xws li mob taub hau hnyav (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum sawv ntxov), pom tsis meej ib ntus, pom ob sab, xeev siab, thiab ntuav .
• Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam, suav nrog cov qog hauv hlwb, ntshav siab, kab mob, qee yam tshuaj, thiab idiopathic hypertension (IIH) .
• Yog tias kuaj pom tus kab mob thaum ntxov thiab kho qhov ua rau kom zoo, qhov muag yuav pom kev tau. Yog tias kev kho mob qeeb, qhov muag yuav pom kev tsis tau kiag li .
• Yog koj muaj cov tsos mob no, tsis txhob nkim sijhawm thiab mus ntsib kws kho mob .
• Kev tswj hwm qhov hnyav kom noj qab nyob zoo thiab tswj cov ntshav siab tuaj yeem pab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus mob no.

Koj ob lub qhov muag muaj nqis heev, yog li ntawd, saib xyuas lawv. Yog tias koj pom muaj dab tsi txawv txawv, tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej. Nws yog ib qho kev txawj ntse kom nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd.