Koj cov ntshav puas muaj cov ntshav platelets qis? Cia peb tham txog qhov no (Thrombocytopenia)!

Koj nyob li cas lawm? Hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib yam kab mob uas tej zaum yuav zoo li loj me ntsis, tab sis yog tias nkag siab zoo, nws tuaj yeem tswj tau ntau yam. Qhov ntawd yog qhov txo qis ntawm cov ntshav platelets hauv cov ntshav, ib qho mob hu ua (Thrombocytopenia) hauv cov lus kho mob. Tej zaum koj yuav tau hnov ​​​​lo lus no los ntawm tus kws kho mob, lossis koj yuav tau pom nws hauv daim ntawv qhia txog ntshav. Tsis txhob txhawj, peb yuav tham txog qhov no yooj yim, hauv txoj kev uas koj tuaj yeem nkag siab.

Ua ntej, cia peb saib seb cov ntshav platelets no yog dab tsi thiab vim li cas lawv thiaj tseem ceeb rau peb?

Xav txog nws li no: cov ntshav platelets yog cov qauv me me zoo li tub rog uas khiav hla peb cov hlab ntsha. Yog hais kom meej, lawv yog ib hom cell me me, tsis muaj xim. Ib yam li lwm cov cell hauv peb cov ntshav, cov ntshav platelets raug tsim tawm hauv cov nqaij mos hauv peb cov pob txha hu ua pob txha pob txha.

Tam sim no koj nug, yog li ntawd vim li cas peb thiaj xav tau cov tub rog me me no? Nov yog qhov tseem ceeb: Thaum peb raug mob qhov twg thiab pib los ntshav, zoo li thaum peb mus ua tsov rog, cov ntshav platelets no yog thawj tus khiav mus rau ntawd thiab koom ua ke los ua cov ntshav txhaws ('(clot)') kom tsis txhob los ntshav. Nws zoo li thaum koj muab qee cov cement rau hauv lub qhov hauv phab ntsa. Yog li, tsis muaj cov ntshav platelets, txawm tias qhov txhab me me yuav tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev los ntshav. Koj puas nkag siab tias qhov ntawd tseem ceeb npaum li cas?

Yog li, qhov no yog qhov qis platelet suav, lossis thrombocytopenia yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov mob ntshav qis yog thaum koj cov ntshav muaj tsawg dua li tus lej ib txwm muaj. Feem ntau, ib tus neeg noj qab haus huv muaj ntawm 1.5 thiab 4.5 lab tus platelets ib microliter ntawm cov ntshav. Thaum tus lej no poob qis dua qhov no, peb hu nws tias thrombocytopenia.

Tiam sis ntawm no yog qhov teeb meem: qhov poob me ntsis ntawm cov ntshav tsis yog ib qho teeb meem loj tas li. Nws nyob ntawm seb nws qis npaum li cas, vim li cas nws thiaj poob, thiab nws poob sai npaum li cas. Yog vim li cas nws thiaj li tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nrhiav kev qhia ntawm tus kws kho mob.

Vim li cas peb cov ntshav platelet thiaj qis? Dab tsi yog cov ua rau?

Muaj ntau yam ua rau cov ntshav platelets qis. Cia peb faib lawv ua peb pawg tseem ceeb.

1. Yog tias cov pob txha tsim cov ntshav platelets tsawg dua:

Peb tau tham ua ntej txog seb cov ntshav platelets raug tsim li cas hauv cov pob txha pob txha. Yog li, yog tias muaj teeb meem nrog cov pob txha pob txha no thiab kev tsim cov ntshav platelets txo qis, tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntshav platelets hauv cov ntshav yuav txo qis. Muaj ntau yam ua rau qhov no:

• Qee cov kab mob viral: Piv txwv li, cov kab mob xws li dengue fever, hepatitis C, thiab HIV tuaj yeem ua rau cov pob txha tsis ua haujlwm.
• Qee cov tshuaj: Cov tshuaj siv los kho mob qog noj ntshav (Chemotherapy), qee cov tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab cov tshuaj diuretics kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov pob txha.
• Haus dej cawv ntau dhau: Qhov no kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau cov pob txha puas tsuaj.
• Kev tsis txaus cov vitamins: Yog tias lub cev tsis muaj txaus vitamin B12 (`(Vitamin B12)`) lossis folate (`(Folate)`), cov ntshav platelets tsim tawm yuav txo qis.
• Mob qog ntshav: Mob qog ntshav xws li mob leukemia tuaj yeem ua rau cov pob txha tsis tsim cov qe ntshav zoo li qub.
• Aplastic Anemia: Qhov no yog thaum cov pob txha tsis tsim cov qe ntshav kom zoo.
• Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Qhov no kuj yog ib qho mob uas cov pob txha tsis ua haujlwm zoo.
• Cov mob caj ces tsis tshua muaj: Qee zaum, cov ntshav platelet tsawg tuaj yeem yog los ntawm cov yam ntxwv caj ces uas muaj thaum yug los.

2. Yog tias cov ntshav platelets uas tsim tawm raug rhuav tshem sai sai lossis yog tias lawv raug siv ntau dhau hauv lub cev:

Qee zaum, txawm tias cov pob txha tsim cov platelets txaus los xij, yog tias lawv raug rhuav tshem sai sai hauv lub cev, lossis yog tias lawv siv ntau dhau vim yog los ntshav loj, cov platelets tuaj yeem txo qis.

• ITP (Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura): Qhov no yog thaum peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ua yuam kev tawm tsam thiab rhuav tshem peb cov ntshav platelets. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus tom qab muaj tus kab mob viral kub taub hau, tab sis nws kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau cov neeg laus.
• Qhov no kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau lwm yam kab mob autoimmune, xws li lupus thiab rheumatoid arthritis.
• Qee cov tshuaj: Qee cov tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob rhuav tshem cov ntshav platelets, txawm tias yog kev ua xua.
• Kev kis kab mob hnyav (sepsis): Hauv kev kis kab mob hnyav, cov mob xws li DIC (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation) tuaj yeem tshwm sim, ua rau cov ntshav platelets poob qis sai.
• TTP (Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura) (`(Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura)`) thiab HUS (Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome) (`(Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome)`): Cov no yog cov mob tsis tshua muaj tab sis txaus ntshai. Hauv cov mob no, cov ntshav me me tsim nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab cov platelets raug siv tag.

3. Yog tias tus po loj zuj zus thiab cov ntshav platelets sib sau ua ke ntawd:

Lub qhov ntswg yog ib lub cev nyob rau sab laug saum toj ntawm peb lub plab. Nws lim cov ntshav thiab tshem tawm cov qe ntshav qub. Yog tias lub qhov ntswg loj zuj zus vim muaj qee yam kab mob (piv txwv li, kab mob siab - mob cirrhosis, qee yam kab mob, mob qog ntshav), nws tuaj yeem sau cov ntshav platelets ntau dua li qub, ua rau cov ntshav platelets tsawg zuj zus.

Thaum cov ntshav platelets qis, yuav muaj cov tsos mob dab tsi tshwm sim?

Cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav platelets qis yuav txawv ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau ib tus neeg. Nws kuj nyob ntawm seb koj cov ntshav platelets qis npaum li cas thiab lawv poob sai npaum li cas. Qee zaum cov neeg uas muaj cov ntshav platelets qis yuav tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi li. Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm no yog qee cov tsos mob uas pom ntau tshaj plaws:

• Cov qhov txhab: Cov qhov txhab yog cov pob loj, xiav lossis ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Txawm tias yog ib lub pob me me nyob qhov twg los xij tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov txhab loj.
• Cov pob liab me me ntawm daim tawv nqaij:Qee zaum, cov pob me me liab lossis ntshav (`(petechiae)`) tshwm sim thoob plaws lub cev, zoo li cov ntsaum me me, ntawm ob txhais ceg thiab caj npab. Cov no tsis ploj thaum koj saib lawv.
• Yuav siv sijhawm ntev heev rau qhov ntshav kom tsis txhob los tom qab raug mob.
• Cov pos hniav los ntshav, cov ntshav ntswg ntau zaus.
• Los ntshav hauv cov zis lossis cov quav (cov zis yuav liab, cov quav yuav dub lossis ntshav).
• Rau cov poj niam, lub caij hli hnyav dua thiab kav ntev dua li niaj zaus.
• Xav tias nkees, qaug zog.
• Qee zaum, yog tias nws muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog teeb meem siab, qhov muag yuav tig daj (jaundice).

Tseem Ceeb: Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob xws li mob taub hau, tsaus muag, lossis hais lus tsis tau zoo, koj yuav tsum mus rau tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd, vim qhov no yuav yog ib qho cim qhia tias koj los ntshav hauv lub hlwb!

Yog tias peb muaj cov tsos mob zoo li no, peb yuav tsum ua li cas? Peb puas yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob?

Yog, yeej muaj tseeb tiag! Yog tias koj muaj ntshav txawv txawv, muaj cov ntshav ntawm koj daim tawv nqaij, lossis qaug zog heev, tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej thiab mus ntsib kws kho mob. Tsis txhob ntshai, tab sis tsis txhob ncua sijhawm. Tus kws kho mob yuav nug koj cov lus nug, kuaj koj, thiab xa koj mus kuaj yog tias tsim nyog.

Tus kws kho mob kuaj mob li cas? Lawv ua hom kev kuaj dab tsi?

Thaum koj mus ntsib kws kho mob, lawv yuav xub nug txog koj cov tsos mob, cov tshuaj uas koj noj, thiab seb puas muaj leej twg hauv koj tsev neeg muaj teeb meem zoo sib xws. Tom qab ntawd lawv yuav kuaj koj thiab xyuas seb puas muaj ntshav, daim tawv nqaij tsis zoo, thiab lub qhov ntswg loj.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, nws muaj peev xwm ua cov kev ntsuam xyuas xws li:

• Kev Ntsuas Tag Nrho Cov Ntshav (FBC) : Qhov no yog qhov kev kuaj tseem ceeb uas txiav txim siab seb muaj pes tsawg tus platelets hauv cov ntshav. Nws kuj muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov qe ntshav liab thiab cov qe ntshav dawb.
• Kev Ntsuas Ntshav Ntawm Sab Nraud : Qhov no suav nrog kev coj cov ntshav thiab saib cov duab thiab qhov loj ntawm cov platelets hauv qab lub tshuab microscope. Qee zaum, lawv kuj saib seb cov platelets puas lo ua ke lossis puas muaj cov cell txawv txav.
• Lwm yam kev kuaj ntshav: Muaj lwm yam kev kuaj uas tuaj yeem pab nrhiav qhov ua rau. Piv txwv li, kev kuaj xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm daim siab (kev kuaj xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm daim siab), kev kuaj xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum, kev kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj kab mob viral, thiab kev kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj cov cim qhia txog tus kab mob autoimmune.
• Kev Nqus Pob Txha Thiab Kev Kuaj Mob : Qee zaum, yog tias kev kuaj ntshav ib leeg tsis qhia qhov ua rau, qhov kev kuaj no yog ua los saib seb pob txha puas tsim cov ntshav txaus. Qhov no suav nrog kev rho me me ntawm pob txha los ntawm thaj chaw me me, xws li lub duav, thiab siv tshuaj loog.

Cov kev kho mob rau cov ntshav platelets qis yog dab tsi?

Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem uas ntau tus neeg muaj. Kev kho mob rau cov ntshav platelets qis nyob ntawm seb dab tsi ua rau nws thiab qhov mob hnyav npaum li cas. Tsis muaj ib txoj kev daws teeb meem uas haum rau txhua tus.

• Rau cov neeg uas muaj cov ntshav platelet tsawg me ntsis: Yog tias cov ntshav platelet tsis qis heev thiab tsis muaj cov cim qhia tias los ntshav, qee zaum tsis tas yuav kho mob, tsuas yog saib xyuas nrog kev kuaj ntshav tsis tu ncua.
• Kev kho qhov ua rau muaj qhov teeb meem no:
• Yog tias muaj tshuaj ua rau koj cov ntshav platelet poob qis, koj tus kws kho mob yuav hais kom koj tsum tsis txhob noj tshuaj lossis hloov koj mus rau lwm yam tshuaj. Koj puas xav tias zoo dua tsis txhob tsum tsis txhob noj tshuaj?
• Yog tias nws yog vim muaj kev kis kab mob, qhov kev kis kab mob ntawd raug kho.
• Yog tias nws yog tus kab mob autoimmune, nws raug kho.
• Kev kho mob tshwj xeeb rau cov ntshav platelets qis:
• Cov tshuaj Corticosteroids : Piv txwv li, cov tshuaj xws li prednisolone. Cov no yog muab los tiv thaiv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob kom tsis txhob rhuav tshem cov ntshav platelets (hauv cov mob zoo li ITP).
• Immunoglobulin txhaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha (IVIG): Qhov no yog ib yam tshuaj zoo li saline uas muab rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Nws yog siv los ua kom cov platelets nce sai sai hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav uas lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tab tom rhuav tshem cov platelets ntshav.
• Lwm cov tshuaj tswj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob (immunosuppressants): Cov no yog muab rau yog tias cov tshuaj steroids tsis ua haujlwm lossis yog tias cov kev mob tshwm sim hnyav dhau.
• Thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs): Cov tshuaj no ua rau cov pob txha pob txha tsim cov platelets ntau dua.
• Kev Txhaj Tshuaj Rau Cov Ntshav Platelet: Yog tias koj los ntshav ntau heev lossis yog tias koj cov ntshav platelet qis heev thiab qis heev (piv txwv li ua ntej phais), koj yuav raug txhaj cov ntshav platelets rau sab nraud. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsuas yog kev daws teeb meem ib ntus xwb.
• Kev phais tshem cov noob qes tawm: Yog tias pom tias cov noob qes yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov ntshav, thiab lwm yam kev kho mob tsis zoo (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv ITP ntev), kev phais kom tshem cov noob qes tawm yuav raug ua. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshem cov noob qes tawm ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob.
• Kev pauv Plasma (lossis Plasmapheresis): Kev kho mob no yog siv rau hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb xws li TTP.

Peb yuav tsum txhawj txog dab tsi thaum peb nyob nrog tus mob no?

Cov neeg uas muaj cov ntshav platelets qis yuav tsum tau ceev faj me ntsis hauv lawv lub neej txhua hnub.

• Tsis txhob ua tej yam uas yuav ua rau koj ntog thiab raug mob. Piv txwv li, kev ua si uas koj kov tsis tau.
• Ceev faj heev thaum siv cov cuab yeej ntse lossis txiav zaub.
• Siv txhuam hniav mos mos thaum txhuam koj cov hniav. Ceev faj tsis txhob ua rau koj cov pos hniav raug mob.
• Noj cov tshuaj ua kom cov ntshav nyias xws li aspirin, NSAIDs (xws li ibuprofen) yam tsis tau kev qhia los ntawm kws kho mobTsis txhob siv cov no. Cov no tuaj yeem ua rau los ntshav ntau ntxiv. Qhia rau txhua tus kws kho mob thiab kws kho hniav uas koj pom tias koj cov ntshav platelets qis.
• Nco ntsoov xyuas seb puas muaj tej yam cim qhia tias koj los ntshav (xws li cov pob khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij, los ntshav ntawm qhov ntswg, los ntshav ntawm cov pos hniav). Qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj pom muaj tej yam tsos mob tshiab.
• Noj zaub mov kom zoo. Yog tias koj cov ntshav platelet tsis txaus vim tsis muaj vitamin txaus, kev noj zaub mov ib leeg xwb yuav kho tsis tau. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tau txais cov khoom noj khoom haus uas koj lub cev xav tau.
• Txwv lossis tsum tsis txhob haus cawv kiag li .

Qhov no puas yuav loj heev? Tej yam teeb meem yog dab tsi?

Yog, qhov no tuaj yeem yog ib qho mob hnyav yog tias cov ntshav platelet poob qis heev lossis tam sim ntawd.

Qhov kev pheej hmoo tseem ceeb yog kev los ntshav hnyav. Qhov no tuaj yeem pom (los ntawm qhov txhab, qhov ntswg) lossis sab hauv (piv txwv li, hauv lub hlwb, plab, hnyuv). Kev los ntshav sab hauv tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus.

Yog vim li ntawd nws thiaj li tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau kho raws nraim li tus kws kho mob hais thiab yuav tsum ceev faj.

Cov lus xaus thiab cov lus kawg

Zoo, yog li kuv vam tias koj tam sim no nkag siab zoo dua txog yam peb tau tham txog hnub no (Thrombocytopenia) lossis cov ntshav platelets qis. Nco ntsoov, qhov no txhais tau tias cov platelets hauv cov ntshav qis dua li qub. Muaj ntau yam ua rau, thiab cov tsos mob txawv rau txhua tus neeg.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog, yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob no, es tsis txhob txiav txim siab ntawm koj tus kheej, lossis nrhiav tshuaj hauv online, nrhiav tus kws kho mob zoo, nrhiav qhov ua rau muaj qhov teeb meem, thiab nrhiav kev kho mob kom raug.

Tsis txhob txhawj, feem ntau, nrog kev kho mob thiab kev tswj hwm kom zoo, koj tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov mob no thiab ua lub neej zoo. Qhib siab thiab ncaj ncees nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog txhua yam, thiab nug txhua yam lus nug uas koj muaj. Qhov no yuav pab koj nkag siab qhov no zoo dua thiab pab koj daws tau zoo dua.

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