Thaum koj raug ib qho qhov txhab me me, zoo li thaum koj txiav koj txhais tes nrog riam thaum txiav zaub, thiab cov ntshav tsis ntws tom qab ib pliag, puas yog? Koj puas tau xav tias qhov ntawd tshwm sim li cas? Nws yog ib qho txheej txheem zoo kawg nkaus. Hnub no peb yuav tham txog cov phab ej me me hauv peb lub cev uas pab nrog qhov ntawd. Peb hu cov neeg no ua platelets, lossis raws li lawv hais hauv lus Askiv, platelets .
Yog li cov platelets no yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, cov platelets yog cov cell me me hauv peb cov ntshav. Lawv tsis yog tag nrho cov cell, tab sis lawv tseem ceeb rau peb lub cev. Lawv zoo li ib daim plaster ntuj hauv koj lub cev. Yog tias muaj ib qho qhov txhab qhov twg thiab cov hlab ntsha puas lawm, cov platelets no maj mam nkag mus thiab pab kom tsis txhob los ntshav.
Xav txog, yog tias koj haus ib tee ntawm koj cov ntshav, muaj kaum tawm txhiab tus platelets no nyob hauv. Yog li koj tuaj yeem xav txog tias cov no me npaum li cas. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom muaj cov platelets no kom raug hauv peb lub cev. Yog tias lawv qis , txawm tias qhov txhab me me tuaj yeem ua rau los ntshav ntau. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias lawv siab , cov ntshav txhaws tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau hauv cov leeg tsis tsim nyog thiab ua rau muaj cov mob txaus ntshai. Yog li ntawd, cov platelets no yuav tsum sib npaug kom tsis txhob los ntshav thiab tiv thaiv kev tsim cov ntshav txhaws tsis tsim nyog.
Cov ntshav platelets ua haujlwm li cas?
Qhov no yog ib qho txheej txheem nthuav heev. Cov platelets ua haujlwm zoo li pab pawg kho mob thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev uas tau kawm zoo. Thaum cov hlab ntsha puas lawm, pab pawg no pib ua haujlwm. Hauv kev kho mob, peb hu tag nrho cov txheej txheem no tias 'hemostasis'. Cia peb saib seb nws tshwm sim li cas ib kauj ruam zuj zus.
Xav txog ib lub qhov loj loj ntawm txoj kev. Ib pab neeg ua haujlwm tuaj kho nws, puas yog? Nws yog li ntawd.
1. Kev nplaum: Ua ntej, cov ntshav platelets, uas ntab ywj siab hauv cov ntshav, maj nrawm mus rau qhov chaw uas cov hlab ntsha tawg thiab lo rau ntawm phab ntsa tawg. Ib yam li cov neeg ua haujlwm tsim kho tuaj txog ntawm lub qhov av ntawm txoj kev.
2. Kev Ua Kom Hlwb: Tom ntej no, cov platelets uas tuaj txog ntawd yuav "ua kom hlwb." Lawv hloov lawv cov duab, ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau lawv lo rau lwm cov platelets. Lawv kuj tso cov tshuaj lom neeg tawm. Cov tshuaj lom neeg no ua ob yam. Ib qho yog ua kom cov hlab ntsha uas puas lawm nruj me ntsis ntxiv. Qhov no pab tswj kev los ntshav me ntsis. Qhov thib ob yog qhia rau lwm cov platelets, "Muaj teeb meem ntawm no, tuaj sai sai." Nws zoo li ib pab neeg ua haujlwm tuaj thiab muab cov laj kab thiab hu kom pab.
3. Kev Sib Sau Ua Ke: Tam sim no, vim yog lub cim ntawd, ntau cov ntshav platelets tuaj sai sai thiab lo ua ke nyob ib puag ncig qhov txhab. Lawv lo ua ke thiab kaw lub qhov ib ntus. Peb hu qhov no ua "platelet plug."
Tiamsis qhov no tsuas yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem ib ntus xwb. Zoo li muab av los txhaws ib lub qhov av ntawm txoj kev ib ntus. Yuav tsum muaj lwm yam tshwm sim los ua kom nws nyob mus ib txhis.
Qhov ntawd yog qhov uas cov ntshav txhaws pib. Qhov twg cov ntshav platelets tau sib sau ua ke, lwm hom protein hauv peb cov ntshav (cov khoom sib sau ua ke) koom ua ke los tsim ib yam dab tsi hu ua fibrin . Cov fibrin no zoo li ib daim ntaub muaj zog. Daim ntaub no qhwv ib ncig ntawm cov ntshav platelets thiab tsim ib daim ntaub muaj zog heev, tas mus li. Tam sim no cov ntshav tsis ntws kiag li.
Cov platelets no tsim nyob qhov twg? Lawv nyob qhov twg?
Cov platelets tuaj yeem pom muaj nyob rau hauv peb qhov chaw tseem ceeb hauv peb lub cev.
- Cov pob txha: Cov pob txha hauv peb cov pob txha yog lub Hoobkas uas peb cov qe ntshav tau tsim. Muaj cov qe loj heev hu ua megakaryocytes . Cov qe ntawd yog cov uas ua cov platelets, uas yog cov me me uas tau ntxiv rau hauv cov ntshav. Yog vim li ntawd peb thiaj hais tias cov platelets tsis yog tag nrho cov qe, tab sis cov qe me me.
- Ntshav: Thaum twg tsim tau lawm, cov no mus thoob plaws peb lub cev los ntawm peb cov hlab ntsha. Cov ntshav platelets yog qhov sib dua ntawm cov ntshav. Yog vim li ntawd lawv thiaj mus ze rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov leeg ntshav. Ua li ntawd, nws yooj yim dua rau lawv mus txog qhov ntawd sai yog tias muaj kev raug mob qhov twg.
- Spleen: Spleen yog ib lub cev nyob rau sab laug saum toj ntawm koj lub plab. Nws khaws cia li ib feem peb ntawm cov platelets uas tsim tawm hauv peb lub cev. Nws kuj tshem tawm cov platelets qub thiab puas lawm.
Yuav tsum muaj pes tsawg platelets nyob rau hauv cov ntshav feem ntau?
Ib tug neeg noj qab nyob zoo muaj cov ntshav platelets ntawm 150,000 thiab 450,000 rau ib microliter ntawm cov ntshav. Qhov no yog qhov ntau thiab tsawg ib txwm muaj. Lub neej ntawm cov ntshav platelets tsuas yog 7-10 hnub xwb. Yog li peb lub cev yeej ib txwm tsim cov ntshav platelets tshiab. Nws yuav siv sijhawm li peb hnub rau cov ntshav platelets tshiab kom ua tau.
Cov ntshav platelets hu ua "platelets" vim lawv zoo li cov phaj. Thaum lawv qhib, lawv nthuav cov xov zoo li ceg kab laug sab thiab txuas nrog lwm cov ntshav platelets kom kaw qhov txhab.
Cov kab mob loj uas cuam tshuam nrog cov platelets
Feem ntau, cov teeb meem nrog cov platelets tshwm sim vim yog qhov txo qis lossis nce ntxiv ntawm lawv tus lej. Cia peb paub qhov txawv ntawm ob qho mob no sib cais.
| Mob nkeeg | Hais yooj yim xwb... |
|---|---|
| Kev txo cov ntshav txhaws | Qhov no yog ib qho mob uas tus naj npawb ntawm cov platelets hauv cov ntshav txo qis . Qhov mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim yog tias lub cev cov platelets tsim tawm txo qis lossis yog tias cov platelets uas tsim tawm raug rhuav tshem sai dhau. Qhov kev pheej hmoo tseem ceeb ntawm no yog los ntshav . |
| Kev mob ntshav txhaws | Qhov no yog kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov platelets hauv cov ntshav . Cov platelets tuaj yeem tsim ntau dhau vim muaj teeb meem nrog cov pob txha. Los yog lawv tuaj yeem nce ntxiv los teb rau lwm yam mob. Qhov kev pheej hmoo tseem ceeb ntawm no yog cov ntshav tsis tsim nyog . |
Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov teeb meem platelet yog dab tsi?
Yog tias muaj kev hloov pauv hauv koj cov ntshav platelet, koj yuav muaj ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no. Yog tias koj tseem muaj ib qho ntawm cov no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob.
| Cov tsos mob | Piav qhia yooj yim |
|---|---|
| Cov tawv nqaij thiab cov qhov txhab | Muaj cov xim av, liab ntawm daim tawv nqaij (purpura, petechiae). Txawm tias yog ib lub pob me me los kuj tuaj yeem hloov xiav tau. |
| Los ntshav ntau zaus | Ntswg los ntshav ntau zaus (epistaxis) lossis cov pos hniav los ntshav thaum txhuam koj cov hniav. |
| Ntshav hauv cov quav lossis zis | Ntshav nyob rau hauv cov quav los yog zis liab/xim av. |
| Cov poj niam muaj hli ntau | Kev los ntshav thaum muaj hli uas kav ntev dua lossis hnyav dua li qub (menorrhagia). |
| Mob qog ntshav o | Xav tias hnyav lossis mob nyob rau sab laug sab saud ntawm lub plab (splenomegaly). |
| Kev tsis muaj zog hauv cov ceg | Kev hnov mob tingling hauv tes thiab taw (paresthesia). |
| Lwm yam nta | Ob txhais ceg o (o), mob taub hau heev, kiv taub hau, mob lub cev. |
Koj yuav kuaj xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov platelets li cas?
Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob saum toj no, koj tus kws kho mob yuav ua qee qhov kev kuaj mob los xyuas koj cov ntshav platelets.
- Kev Ntsuas Tag Nrho Cov Ntshav (CBC): Qhov no yog kev kuaj ntshav uas siv ntau heev. Nws ntsuas tus naj npawb ntawm cov qe ntshav liab, cov qe ntshav dawb, thiab cov platelets hauv koj cov ntshav. Nws tuaj yeem qhia tau tias koj cov platelets qis, siab, lossis zoo li qub.
- Kev Ntsuas Ntshav Ntawm Ib Sab (PBS): Hauv qhov no, ib tee ntawm koj cov ntshav raug coj mus thiab saib hauv qab lub tshuab tsom iav. Qhov no tuaj yeem ntes tau seb cov duab thiab qhov loj ntawm cov platelets puas txawv txav.
- Kev kuaj ntshav txhaws: Kuj tseem muaj kev kuaj uas xyuas seb nws siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas rau koj cov ntshav kom txhaws.
- Kev Kuaj Mob Pob Txha: Qee zaum, tej zaum yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas cov pob txha, lub Hoobkas uas ua cov ntshav txhaws. Qhov no suav nrog kev muab tshuaj loog me me thiab coj ib qho qauv me me ntawm cov pob txha los ntawm pob txha ntawm lub duav.
- Kev kuaj mob caj ces: Qee cov kab mob platelet tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov teeb meem caj ces uas tau txais los ntawm noob caj ces. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov kev kuaj no yuav tsum tau ua.
Cov kev kho mob rau cov kab mob platelet yog dab tsi?
Kev kho mob nyob ntawm koj tus mob (cov ntshav platelets qis lossis siab) thiab nws qhov ua rau.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias cov kev kho mob no tsuas yog yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev qhia ntawm tus kws kho mob xwb. Tsis txhob noj tshuaj koj tus kheej.
- Cov tshuaj kho mob:Yog tias cov ntshav platelet ntau, cov tshuaj yuav muab tau los tswj lawv cov ntau lawm. Yog tias cov ntshav platelet qis yog vim lwm yam mob, xws li kab mob autoimmune, kev kho mob ntawd kuj tseem yuav pab kom cov ntshav platelet rov qab mus rau qhov qub.
- Kev hloov ntshav platelet: Rau ib tus neeg uas muaj cov ntshav platelet tsawg heev thiab muaj feem yuav los ntshav ntau, cov ntshav platelets uas tau los ntawm sab nraud tuaj yeem raug txhaj rau hauv lub cev los ntawm cov kua saline.
- Kev phais tshem cov qe ntshav dawb tawm: Qee zaum cov qe ntshav dawb raug puas tsuaj los ntawm cov ntshav platelets ntau dhau. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, yog tias lwm yam kev kho mob tsis ua tiav, cov kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab phais tshem cov qe ntshav dawb tawm.
- Plateletpheresis: Qhov no yog kev kho mob rau cov neeg uas muaj cov platelet ntau heev. Koj cov ntshav txuas nrog lub tshuab tshwj xeeb, uas tshem tawm cov platelets ntau dhau, thiab tom qab ntawd xa cov ntshav seem rov qab rau koj lub cev.
Koj ua li cas kom koj cov platelets noj qab nyob zoo?
Yog tias koj muaj teeb meem platelet tsis txaus, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia kom zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, kev ua neej noj qab haus huv feem ntau kuj zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm platelet.
- Txwv kev haus dej cawv.
- Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb kiag li.
- Tsis txhob raug cov tshuaj lom.
- Txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev raug mob.
Yog tias koj ua tau, koj tuaj yeem pub cov ntshav thiab cov ntshav . Qhov ntawd kuj yog ib qho kev siab hlub uas muaj nqis heev. Cov ntshav no pab cawm txoj sia, xws li cov neeg uas muaj mob qog noj ntshav lossis cov neeg uas raug mob hnyav.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov platelets yog ib feem me me, tab sis tseem ceeb ntawm peb lub cev uas tiv thaiv kev los ntshav.
- Qhov txo qis ntawm lawv tus lej (thrombocytopenia) ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev los ntshav, thaum qhov nce ntxiv ntawm lawv tus lej (thrombocytosis) ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ntshav txhaws tsis tsim nyog.
- Yog tias koj muaj qhov mob qhov ntswg uas tsis paub meej, ntshav ntswg ntau zaus, lossis cov pos hniav los ntshav, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas thiab nrog kws kho mob tham.
- Tsis txhob tso tseg cov tsos mob. Nrhiav kev kho mob sai sai tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau cov mob hnyav.
- Ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia thiab ua neej noj qab haus huv yuav pab tswj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm koj cov ntshav platelets.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus