Puas muaj ntshav hauv koj lub qhov muag? Cia peb kawm txog ntshav hauv daim tawv muag!

Koj puas tau xav tias cov hlab ntsha me me hauv peb lub qhov muag tuaj yeem tawg thiab los ntshav? Qee zaum qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim yam tsis tau peb paub txog. Hnub no peb yuav tham txog qhov mob zoo li no, uas yog retinal hemorrhage, lossis raws li peb hu nws hauv cov lus kho mob, '(Retinal Hemorrhage)'. Tsis txhob txhawj, peb yuav piav qhia txhua yam txog qhov no hauv cov lus yooj yim.

Kev Los Ntshav Hauv Qhov Muag Yog Dab Tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, kev los ntshav hauv lub qhov muag yog kev los ntshav hauv lub qhov muag, uas yog ib feem ntawm koj lub qhov muag. Lub qhov muag zoo li daim zaj duab xis hauv lub koob yees duab, qhov chaw uas cov duab peb pom raug kaw cia. Qhov kev los ntshav no tshwm sim thaum cov hlab ntsha hauv lub qhov muag puas lawm.

Qhov no yuav tshwm sim tau yog tias koj tsoo koj lub taub hau hnyav, lossis vim muaj qee yam kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau lub qhov muag, lossis vim muaj cov kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha. Feem ntau, qhov mob no tsuas cuam tshuam rau ib lub qhov muag xwb (peb hu ua 'unilateral retinal hemorrhage'). Txawm li cas los xij, tsis tshua muaj, nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau ob lub qhov muag ib zaug (peb hu ua 'bilateral retinal hemorrhage').

Xav txog seb, qee tus neeg los ntshav rau hauv lawv lub qhov muag zoo li no thiab tsis muaj tsos mob. Lawv tsis paub tias nws tau tshwm sim. Txawm li cas los xij, lwm tus tuaj yeem poob lawv qhov muag. Seb qhov kev puas tsuaj no puas yog mus tas li lossis tsis yog nyob ntawm qhov ua rau los ntshav thiab muaj ntshav poob ntau npaum li cas.

Kev kho mob sib txawv nyob ntawm seb ua rau muaj li cas. Feem ntau, kev los ntshav me me tsis tas yuav muaj kev kho mob tshwj xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj qhov muag pom kev raug cuam tshuam lossis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev dig muag mus tas li, tej zaum yuav xav tau kev txhaj tshuaj, kev kho mob laser, lossis phais.

Yog koj pom muaj kev hloov pauv hauv koj ob lub qhov muag lossis kev pom kev, mus ntsib kws kho qhov muag tam sim ntawd. Yog tias koj poob qhov muag tam sim ntawd hauv ib lossis ob lub qhov muag, koj yuav tsum mus rau chav kho mob ceev.

Cov hom ntshav tawm ntawm cov retina yog dab tsi?

Koj tus kws kho qhov muag yuav faib cov ntshav no raws li qhov twg hauv lub retina nws tau tshwm sim. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem faib raws li nws cov duab. Qee zaum cov ntshav no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau ntau txheej ntawm lub retina ('multilayered retinal hemorrhage').

Nov yog qee hom tseem ceeb uas pom:

• Cov ntshav ntws hauv lub qhov muag: Cov no yog cov kua muag lossis cov tawg hauv cov nqaij ntawm lub qhov muag. Qee zaum lawv hu ua "cov ntshav ntws ua tej daim me me" vim tias lawv zoo li tej daim me me lossis tej daim me me.
• Kev hem thawj ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov hlab ntsha retina:Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov hlab ntsha pom kev (RNFL) yog cov hlwb ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas txuas lub retina rau lub paj hlwb pom kev. Cov hom kev los ntshav uas cuam tshuam rau RNFL suav nrog kev los ntshav los ntawm hluav taws (uas zoo li nplaim taws), kev los ntshav ntawm lub disc (uas zoo li cov seem hauv ib daim ntoo), thiab kev los ntshav los ntawm cov seem hauv ib daim ntoo).
• Cov ntshav ntws ua ntej lub qhov muag: Cov no yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev rhuav tshem hauv daim nyias nyias uas cais cov qhov vitreous ntawm lub retina. Qee zaum lawv hu ua lub nkoj lossis D-zoo li vim tias lawv zoo li "nkoj" lossis "D" zoo li.
• Cov ntshav tawm hauv lub qhov muag: Sab hauv ntawm peb lub qhov muag puv nrog cov tshuaj zoo li gel uas ua los ntawm dej thiab collagen. Nws hu ua vitreous gel. Qhov mob no tshwm sim thaum cov ntshav ntws los ntawm lub retina mus rau hauv qhov uas muaj cov vitreous no.

Leej twg yuav muaj feem ntau dua los ntshav ntawm daim tawv muag?

Qhov mob no yeej tshwm sim tau rau txhua tus neeg. Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg uas muaj tej yam mob nkeeg feem ntau yuav muaj tus mob no. Piv txwv li:

• Cov roj cholesterol ntau hauv cov ntshav (hyperlipidemia)
• Ntshav siab (ntshav siab)
• Kev ua kom cov hlab ntsha nyias thiab tawv (atherosclerosis)
• Kab mob ntshav qab zib ('Diabetes Mellitus')
• Kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub qhov muag (macular degeneration)

Qhov kev pheej hmoo no kuj siab dua rau cov neeg uas siv cov tshuaj uas ua rau cov ntshav nyias (piv txwv li, aspirin lossis warfarin).

Tsis txhob xav tsis thoob, cov menyuam mos qee zaum kuj tuaj yeem muaj tus mob no thiab. Kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm cov menyuam mos uas yug los ntawm kev pab yug menyuam, xws li kev rho tawm lub tshuab nqus tsev lossis kev xa khoom siv forceps, yuav muaj ntshav tawm ntawm lub retina thaum yug los.

Cov neeg hnub nyoog tshaj 40 xyoo yuav muaj feem mob no ntau dua vim yog cov teeb meem qhov muag uas feem ntau los nrog hnub nyoog.

Cov tsos mob ntawm kev los ntshav ntawm lub qhov muag yog dab tsi?

Muaj coob tus neeg muaj tus mob no tab sis tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi li.

Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob, koj yuav pom kev hloov pauv hauv koj qhov muag. Cov tsos mob feem ntau yog:

• Tsis pom kev tam sim ntawd.
• Maj mam li mob zuj zus los yog tsis pom kev zoo.
• Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov qhov muag tsis pom kev hauv qhov muag.
• Cov pob tsaus nti los yog cov thaj ua rau pom kev.
• Pom teeb (flashes) los yog xav tias muaj tej yam (float) nyob rau ntawm lub qhov muag.

Dab tsi yog cov ua rau muaj ntshav ntws hauv cov hlab ntsha hauv lub qhov muag?

Qhov no feem ntau yog los ntawm kev puas tsuaj mus sij hawm ntev rau lub qhov muag lossis cov hlab ntsha, lossis los ntawm kev raug mob tam sim ntawd (trauma). Cov ua rau feem ntau yog:

• Kev raug mob.
• Kab mob vascular (tej yam mob uas cuam tshuam rau koj cov hlab ntsha).
• Cov kab mob autoimmune.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, cov kab mob xws li leukemia thiab cov kab mob xws li bacterial endocarditis kuj tuaj yeem ua rau qhov no. Rau cov neeg hnub nyoog tshaj 40 xyoo, qhov mob no kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob qhov muag uas cuam tshuam nrog kev laus xws li macular degeneration.

Txawm tias koj paub tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov mob no los xij, tsis txhob xav tias koj yuav muaj ntshav tawm hauv qhov muag. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim txawm tias koj tsis paub tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov mob no.

Yog vim li ntawd nws thiaj li tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau mus kuaj mob tsis tu ncua kom koj thiaj li paub txog cov cim qhia ntxov ntawm tus mob uas yuav ua rau muaj ntshav tawm hauv lub qhov muag yav tom ntej.

Yuav ua li cas vim yog kev raug mob?

Muaj ntau hom kev raug mob uas ua rau qhov no:

• Kev Raug Mob Qhov Muag: Txhua qhov kev raug mob rau lub taub hau lossis qhov muag tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha hauv retina puas tsuaj.
• Kab Mob Me Nyuam Yaus Uas Ua Rau Koj Co: Kev co ib tug me nyuam mos lossis ib tug me nyuam yaus tuaj yeem ua rau lawv los ntshav hauv lawv lub hlwb thiab lub qhov muag. Qhov no txaus ntshai heev, yog li tsis txhob co cov me nyuam yaus me.
• Mob nkeeg ntawm qhov siab: Thaum koj mus rau qhov siab tam sim ntawd, qhov siab hauv koj lub qhov muag tuaj yeem hloov pauv thiab ua rau ntshav hauv koj lub retina. Qhov no kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau cov neeg dhia dej scuba uas tam sim ntawd tawm hauv dej tob.
• Kev lom los ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide (CO): Qhov no tshwm sim thaum koj nqus pa uas muaj cov pa roj carbon monoxide (CO). Kev ua pa ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide ntau heev, txawm tias ob peb feeb xwb los xij, tuaj yeem ua rau koj mob hnyav lossis tuag tau.

Yuav ua li cas yog vim li cas vascular kab mob?

Cov ntshav tawm hauv lub qhov muag kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob uas ua rau puas tsuaj lossis thaiv koj cov hlab ntsha. Cov kab mob no muaj kev phom sij ntau dua vim tias lawv feem ntau tsis qhia cov tsos mob kom txog thaum muaj teeb meem tshwm sim. Cov kab mob hlab ntsha feem ntau uas ua rau cov ntshav tawm hauv lub qhov muag yog:

• Ntshav siab (Tshuaj ntshav siab)
• Cov roj cholesterol ntau
• Kev Txhaws Cov Hlab Ntxwm Ntawm Lub Qhov Muag (RVOs)
• Kev Mob Preeclampsia Tom Qab Yug Me Nyuam
• Kab mob ntshav tsis txaus

Yuav ua li cas tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob autoimmune?

Cov kab mob autoimmune yog thaum koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ua yuam kev tawm tsam koj lub cev es tsis tiv thaiv koj. Nws tsis meej tias vim li cas qhov no thiaj tshwm sim. Qee hom kab mob autoimmune tuaj yeem ua rau koj lub retina puas tsuaj thiab ua rau los ntshav. Piv txwv li:

• Kab mob ntshav qab zib ('Diabetes Mellitus')
• Lupus
• Vasculitis (mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha)

Yuav ua li cas thiaj paub txog retinal hemorrhage?

Koj tus kws kho qhov muag yuav ua qhov kev kuaj qhov muag.Qhov no yog yam uas yuav kuaj tau. Nws yuav saib koj ob lub qhov muag (xws li sab hauv) thiab ua qhov kev kuaj pom kev zoo .

Ntxiv rau qhov ntawd, yuav muaj ntau yam kev kuaj ntxiv uas yuav ua tau los nrhiav seb yog dab tsi ua rau los ntshav lossis saib seb lub qhov muag puas tsuaj npaum li cas. Cov kev kuaj feem ntau yog:

• Kev kuaj ntshav los xyuas seb puas muaj kab mob thiab cov roj cholesterol.
• Angiography ( kev kuaj uas thaij duab cov hlab ntsha).
• Kev Siv Duab Sib Nqus (MRI) .

Yuav kho cov ntshav tawm hauv daim tawv muag li cas?

Yuav kho qhov no li cas nyob ntawm ntau yam:

• Vim li cas?
• Koj qhov muag pom kev tau raug cuam tshuam npaum li cas?
• Kev los ntshav hauv daim tawv muag loj npaum li cas?

Feem ntau cov neeg tsis xav tau kev kho mob tshwj xeeb. Yog tias koj muaj qhov ntshav me me, nws tsis hnyav zuj zus, thiab nws tsis cuam tshuam rau koj qhov muag, tej zaum txhua yam koj yuav tsum ua yog coj koj tus kws kho mob mus kuaj koj ob lub qhov muag kom pom tias qhov ntshav puas zoo.

Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj xav tau kev kho mob, koj tuaj yeem ua ib qho ntawm cov hauv qab no:

• Kho qhov ntshav nrog laser lossis cryotherapy .
• Phais kom rov qab ua kom lub siab nyob hauv lub qhov muag zoo li qub lossis rov txuas lub retina.
• Txhaj tshuaj xws li anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) lossis corticosteroid kom txo qhov o ntawm lub qhov muag.

Yuav siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas los kho qhov mob ntshav ntawm daim tawv muag?

Koj tus kws kho qhov muag yuav qhia rau koj tias yuav siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas thiaj li rov zoo, nyob ntawm koj cov tsos mob thiab qhov ua rau los ntshav. Feem ntau, nws yuav siv sijhawm ob peb lub lis piam kom rov zoo tom qab phais.

Thaum koj rov zoo los, tej zaum koj yuav tsum tsis txhob noj cov tshuaj uas ua rau cov ntshav nyias, xws li cov tshuaj loog mob uas yuav tsis tas yuav muaj daim ntawv yuav tshuaj (OTC NSAIDs). Tham nrog koj tus kws kho qhov muag txog qhov no.

Yuav ua li cas yog tias kuv muaj ntshav tawm hauv qhov muag?

Muaj coob tus neeg zoo rov zoo tag nrho los ntawm tus mob no, txawm tias tom qab phais lawm los xij.

Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum kev los ntshav ntawm daim tawv muag tuaj yeem ua rau koj daim tawv muag puas tsuaj mus tas li, cuam tshuam rau koj qhov kev pom kev mus tas koj lub neej. Lossis, koj yuav pom kev tsis meej tom qab qhov mob no.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj tiv thaiv tau qhov ntshav tawm ntawm daim tawv muag?

Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv qhov no yog kom tsis txhob muaj tej yam mob uas ua rau muaj qhov no. Nov yog qee yam uas koj ua tau:

• Noj zaub mov zoo uas tsis muaj roj saturated thiab trans fats, cholesterol, sodium (ntsev), thiab qab zib.
• Ua si nawv tsis tu ncua.
• Tswj koj qhov hnyav kom noj qab nyob zoo thiab haum rau koj.
• Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tswj txhua yam mob nkeeg, xws li ntshav qab zib, ntshav siab, thiab roj cholesterol siab.
• Tso kev haus luam yeeb.
• Kev kuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua nrog tus kws kho mob thiab tus kws kho qhov muag.

Kuv yuav tsum mus kuaj kuv ob lub qhov muag thaum twg?

Kev kuaj xyuas koj ob lub qhov muag thiab kev pom kev tsis tu ncua tuaj yeem pab koj tus kws kho qhov muag nrhiav tau teeb meem thaum ntxov. Koj yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas koj ob lub qhov muag ntau npaum li cas feem ntau nyob ntawm koj lub hnub nyoog:

• Cov neeg laus hnub nyoog qis dua 40 xyoo: Txhua tsib txog kaum xyoo.
• Cov neeg laus hnub nyoog ntawm 40 thiab 54 xyoo: Txhua ob mus rau plaub xyoos.
• Cov neeg laus hnub nyoog tshaj 55 xyoos: Txhua ib mus rau peb xyoos.

Yog tias koj hnav tsom iav, tsom iav qhov muag, lossis xav tau lwm yam khoom siv pab pom kev, tej zaum koj yuav tsum tau kuaj koj ob lub qhov muag ntau zaus dua. Cov neeg uas muaj ntshav qab zib kuj yuav tsum tau kuaj lawv ob lub qhov muag ntau zaus dua. Nug koj tus kws kho qhov muag seb koj yuav tsum tau kuaj koj ob lub qhov muag ntau zaus npaum li cas.

Kuv yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob thaum twg?

Yog koj pom muaj kev hloov pauv hauv koj ob lub qhov muag lossis kev pom kev, mus ntsib kws kho mob lossis kws kho qhov muag tam sim ntawd .

Yog tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no , mus ncaj qha rau chav kho mob ceev (ER):

• Tsis pom kev tam sim ntawd.
• Mob qhov muag heev.
• Yog koj pom cov teeb tshiab (`flashes`) lossis tej yam (`floaters`) ua ntej koj ob lub qhov muag.

Kuv yuav tsum nug kuv tus kws kho mob li cas?

Yog koj pom tias koj muaj ntshav tawm hauv lub qhov muag (retinal hemorrhage), koj tuaj yeem nug koj tus kws kho mob cov lus nug no:

• Dab tsi ua rau muaj qhov ntshav ntws hauv kuv lub qhov muag?
• Kuv muaj hom ntshav tawm ntawm daim tawv muag zoo li cas?
• Kuv puas yuav tsum tau phais?
• Qhov no puas yuav muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kuv qhov muag pom kev mus tas li?

Puas yog retinal hemorrhage thiab retinal detachment yog tib yam?

Yog lawm, txawm hais tias ob qho no yog cov teeb meem loj uas cuam tshuam rau retina, muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm ob qho no.

Kev los ntshav ntawm lub qhov muag yog ib qho mob uas cov hlab ntsha hauv lub qhov muag tawg thiab los ntshav vim yog kev puas tsuaj rau koj lub qhov muag. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim sai sai, vim yog raug mob, lossis nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim dhau sijhawm, xws li vim yog kab mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha.

Kev tawg ntawm lub qhov muagQhov no yog thaum koj lub retina rub tawm ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg tom qab ntawm koj lub qhov muag uas txhawb nqa nws. Qhov no kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau los ntshav hauv retina. Kev tawg ntawm retina feem ntau tsis mob. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav ntsib kev hloov pauv hauv koj qhov kev pom, xws li lub teeb ci ntsa iab tam sim ntawd, pom tsis meej, lossis poob qhov pom kev tam sim ntawd hauv ib lub qhov muag. Kev tawg ntawm retina tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim yog raug mob thiab tej yam mob xws li uveitis, uas yog kev o ntawm txheej nruab nrab ntawm lub qhov muag.

Yog tias koj tsis pom kev zoo hauv ib lossis ob lub qhov muag, lossis yog tias koj pib pom cov teeb ci ntsa iab tshiab thiab cov dej ntws, mus rau chav kho mob ceev tam sim ntawd.

Puas yog retinal hemorrhage thiab subconjunctival hemorrhage tib yam?

Ob qho no yog cov xwm txheej ntawm kev los ntshav hauv lub qhov muag. Qhov txawv yog qhov twg los ntshav tshwm sim.

Cov ntshav ntws hauv qhov muag cuam tshuam rau qhov muag - txheej ntawm cov hlwb nyob tom qab ntawm lub qhov muag.

Kev los ntshav hauv qab daim tawv muag yog ib txoj hlab ntshav tawg rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm koj lub qhov muag. Daim tawv muag yog ib daim nyias nyias, pob tshab uas tiv thaiv koj lub qhov muag. Feem ntau qhov no tsuas yog zoo li liab xwb, tsis cuam tshuam rau koj qhov pom kev, thiab nws yuav kho nws tus kheej.

Thaum kawg, cov lus coj mus tsev:

Kev los ntshav ntawm daim tawv muag yog ib yam mob uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau nws tuaj yeem tswj tau zoo. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog nrhiav kev kho mob sai sai yog tias koj pom muaj kev hloov pauv hauv koj lub qhov muag lossis kev pom kev.

• Kev kuaj qhov muag tsis tu ncua tuaj yeem pab txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem no thaum ntxov.
• Yog koj muaj cov kab mob xws li ntshav qab zib lossis ntshav siab, tswj lawv kom zoo.
• Kev ua raws li txoj kev ua neej noj qab haus huv tsis yog tsuas yog zoo rau lub qhov muag xwb, tab sis kuj zoo rau tag nrho lub cev.

Nco ntsoov tias, koj ob lub qhov muag muaj nqis heev, yog li ntawd nws yog koj lub luag haujlwm los saib xyuas lawv.

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