Koj puas muaj teeb meem hnov ​​lus tsis zoo thiab? Cia peb kawm txog (Sensorineural Hearing Loss)!

Koj puas tau muaj teeb meem hnov ​​ib tug neeg hais lus? Los yog, koj puas tau ua kom lub TV nrov dua? Tej zaum yog vim muaj teeb meem pob ntseg. Hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib qho mob zoo li no, uas yog '(Sensorineural Hearing Loss)' lossis '(SNHL)'. Tsis txhob txhawj, peb yuav tham txog qhov no yooj yim xwb.

Kev Hnov ​​​​lus Sensorineural yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, '(Sensorineural Hearing Loss)' yog kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau sab hauv ntawm koj pob ntseg ('(sab hauv pob ntseg)') . Xav txog, muaj cov plaub hau me me ('(cov plaub hau)') hauv peb pob ntseg uas ntes cov suab thiab hloov lawv mus ua cov cim uas lub hlwb tuaj yeem nkag siab. Cov no ua haujlwm zoo li lub microphone. Yog li, yog tias cov '(cov plaub hau)' no puas tsuaj, peb hnov ​​​​​​suab tsawg dua.

Qhov mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev kub taub hau tam sim ntawd, raug mob taub hau, lossis raug lub suab nrov nrov, xws li lub foob pob tawg. Qee zaum, qhov kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo no tuaj yeem maj mam zuj zus tuaj thaum koj laus zuj zus. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee tus neeg yug los nrog tus mob no.

Thaum koj muaj SNHL, tej zaum koj yuav tsis hnov ​​​​​​cov lus hais mos mos. Txawm tias thaum koj hnov ​​​​​​cov suab nrov nrov, koj yuav tsis hnov ​​​​​​lawv meej, thiab koj yuav hnov ​​​​​​suab tsis meej. Qhov tu siab yog tias cov plaub hau puas tsuaj no tsis tuaj yeem rov tsim dua lossis kho tau . Yog li ntawd, SNHL feem ntau yog ib qho mob mus tas li . Tab sis tsis txhob txhawj, nrog kev pab los ntawm cov khoom siv pab hnov ​​​​​​lus, koj tuaj yeem txhim kho koj lub pob ntseg thiab ua neej nyob ib txwm.

Puas muaj cov hom no?

Yog, muaj ntau hom tseem ceeb ntawm '(Sensorineural Hearing Loss)'. Cia peb saib lawv yog dab tsi:

• `(Kev hnov ​​lus tsis zoo ntawm ib sab pob ntseg xwb)`: Qhov no yog thaum koj hnov ​​lus tsis zoo tsuas yog ib sab pob ntseg xwb .
• `(Kev hnov ​​​​lus tsis zoo ntawm ob lub pob ntseg)`: Hauv qhov no, kev hnov ​​​​lus tsis zoo hauv ob lub pob ntseg .
• Kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis sib xws: Hauv qhov no, kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo hauv ob lub pob ntseg, tab sis ib lub pob ntseg lag ntseg dua li lwm qhov .
• `(Kev hnov ​​lus tsis meej tam sim ntawd)`: Qhov no yog xwm txheej ceev hauv kev kho mob . Qhov no yog thaum koj hnov ​​lus tsis meej tam sim ntawd hauv 72 teev tom qab raug mob, muaj mob, lossis raug suab nrov (xav txog lub suab ntawm cov foob pob hluav taws thaum Lub Xyoo Tshiab, phom tua). Yog tias qhov no tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.

Qhov teeb meem no feem ntau tshwm sim li cas?

Kev Poob Pob Ntseg Sensorineural, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hom kev laus, yog ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem kev hnov ​​​​​​lus feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus. Nws feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov neeg hnub nyoog ntawm 50 thiab 70 xyoo.

Qhov mob "Sudden sensorineural hearing loss" uas tau hais ua ntej lawm, uas txhais tau tias hnov ​​tsis tau lus tam sim ntawd li ob peb hnub, cuam tshuam rau kwv yees li ib mus rau rau tus neeg ntawm 5,000 tus neeg hauv ib xyoos. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias nws tsis tshua muaj.

Cov tsos mob yog dab tsi?

Yog koj muaj '(Sensorineural Hearing Loss)', saib seb koj puas muaj cov tsos mob no thiab:

• Koj puas xav tias nws yooj yim dua rau hnov ​​​​​​cov neeg uas hais lus tob dua li cov neeg uas hais lus siab ?
• Puas nyuaj rau nkag siab txog yam uas lawv hais hauv cov chaw uas muaj neeg coob coob thiab nrov nrov? Piv txwv li, ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau, ntawm lub tsheb npav, lossis hauv lub khw.
• Thaum lwm tus neeg tham lus, koj puas hnov ​​lawv hais lus tsis meej, tsis meej?
• Koj puas muaj lub suab nrov ('(tinnitus)') los ntawm sab hauv koj pob ntseg ?
• Thaum muaj ntau tus neeg tham ua ke, puas nyuaj rau ua raws li kev sib tham?
• Cov lus uas koj hnov ​​puas nrov hnyav, tsis meej, thiab tsis meej pem?

Yog koj muaj ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov tsos mob no, zoo tshaj plaws mus ntsib kws kho mob kom tau lus qhia.

Vim li cas qhov no thiaj tshwm sim? Yog vim li cas?

Qhov ua rau muaj '(Sensorineural Hearing Loss)' yog kev puas tsuaj rau pob ntseg sab hauv . Tshwj xeeb, nws yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj lossis kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov plaub hau me me ('(cov plaub hau)') hauv qhov ntawm pob ntseg sab hauv hu ua '(cochlea)' uas ntes suab, lossis cov hlab ntsha ('(vestibulocochlear nerve)') uas nqa cov teeb liab suab mus rau lub hlwb.

Muaj ib txhia neeg yug los muaj tus mob no, xws li vim tsis muaj oxygen thaum lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub. Lwm tus neeg mob tom qab ntawd, vim muaj ntau yam kab mob, raug mob, raug suab nrov nrov (piv txwv li, ib tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv lub hoobkas raug lub suab ntawm cov tshuab ntev ntev), lossis tsuas yog vim laus zuj zus.

Cov yam ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo yog dab tsi?

Ib qho yam ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo yog ib yam dab tsi uas ua rau muaj feem yuav muaj kab mob. Muaj ntau yam ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm SNHL:

• Acoustic neuroma: Qhov no yog ib qho mob qog nqaij hlav uas tsis yog mob qog nqaij hlav uas loj hlob hauv pob ntseg. Nws tuaj yeem muab kev nyuaj rau pob ntseg sab hauv thiab cuam tshuam rau kev hnov ​​​​lus.
• Kev Laus: Thaum peb laus zuj zus, cov plaub hau me me hauv pob ntseg maj mam qaug zog. Qhov no yog ib txwm muaj.
• Kab mob Ménière: Qhov no yog ib qho kab mob pob ntseg ntev uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov tsos mob xws li kiv taub hau (vertigo) thiab tinnitus (ringing in the ears).
• Qee cov tshuaj (`(Ototoxicity)`): Qee cov tshuaj (piv txwv li, qee cov tshuaj mob qog noj ntshav, qee cov tshuaj tua kab mob) tuaj yeem ua rau puas tsuaj rau pob ntseg sab hauv ua ib qho kev phiv.
• Qee yam mob (`(Systemic conditions)`):Qee yam kab mob, xws li ntshav qab zib mellitus thiab mob meningitis, tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntshav ntws mus rau sab hauv pob ntseg tsis zoo lossis ua rau cov hlab ntsha vestibulocochlear o.
• Kev raug mob rau lub hlwb: Kev raug ntaus hnyav rau lub taub hau tuaj yeem ua rau lub pob ntseg sab hauv puas tsuaj, cuam tshuam kev ntws ntshav, thiab ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntxiv rau hauv lub taub hau. Tag nrho cov no tuaj yeem ua rau SNHL.

Qee zaum, cov kws kho mob tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav tau qhov ua rau qhov no. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, nws hu ua "idiopathic SNHL".

Koj paub qhov no li cas?

Yog koj xav tias koj muaj teeb meem hnov ​​lus, thawj qhov koj yuav tsum ua yog mus ntsib kws kho mob, tshwj xeeb yog tus kws kho mob pob ntseg, qhov ntswg, thiab caj pas (tus kws kho mob otolaryngologist lossis kws phais ENT).

Tus kws kho mob yuav xub kov ncig koj lub pob ntseg thiab saib sab hauv . Tom qab ntawd, lawv yuav saib sab hauv koj lub pob ntseg nrog lub cuab yeej me me hu ua "otoscope." Qhov no tuaj yeem pab nrhiav txhua yam txawv txawv hauv pob ntseg uas cuam tshuam rau koj lub pob ntseg.

Ntxiv mus, tus kws kho mob yuav nug koj cov lus nug xws li:

• Koj qhov kev hnov ​​​​​​lus puas tau tshwm sim sai sai los yog maj mam?
• Yog tias nws maj mam zuj zus, qhov no pib thaum twg?
• Koj puas hnov ​​​​​​zoo dua hauv ib lub pob ntseg dua li lwm lub?
• Koj puas tau mob tsis ntev los no? Koj puas tau raug mob taub hau?
• Puas muaj leej twg hauv koj tsev neeg muaj teeb meem hnov ​​lus?

Yuav ua cov kev ntsuam xyuas twg?

Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum kom tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb (audiologist) ua qee qhov kev kuaj mob pob ntseg tshwj xeeb kom paub tseeb tias koj lub pob ntseg zoo li cas. Cov kev kuaj no tuaj yeem pab txiav txim siab seb koj puas muaj SNHL lossis lwm hom kev poob pob ntseg.

Nov yog qee qhov kev sim zoo li no:

• Kev ntsuam xyuas lub suab nrov: Qhov no sim seb cov leeg me me hauv nruab nrab ntawm koj lub pob ntseg (cov leeg stapedial) sib zog npaum li cas los teb rau lub suab nrov.
• Kev teb ntawm lub hlwb pob ntseg: Qhov no suav nrog kev txuas cov electrodes me me rau koj lub taub hau, ua rau koj hnov ​​​​​​cov suab sib txawv, thiab ntsuas seb koj lub hlwb teb li cas rau lawv.
• Kev kuaj xyuas kev sib txuas ntawm pob txha: Qhov no xa suab ncaj qha mus rau hauv koj lub pob ntseg sab hauv. Qhov no pab txiav txim siab seb koj puas hnov ​​​​​​lus zoo li cas.
• Cov pa tawm suab (Otoacoustic emissions - OAEs): Qhov no ntsuas cov kev co uas los ntawm sab hauv koj lub pob ntseg, ntsig txog suab. Qhov no tuaj yeem qhia tau seb puas muaj kev thaiv hauv pob ntseg lossis yog tias muaj kev poob pob ntseg.
• `(Kev ntsuas lub suab ntshiab)`: Qhov no yog qhov uas koj nrhiav tau cov suab twg uas koj tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​​​ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv (`(zaus)` lossis suab nrov).
• `(Kev ntsuas kev hais lus)`: Qhov no sim seb koj nkag siab cov lus zoo npaum li cas thiab koj tuaj yeem rov hais dua qhov uas tau hais qeeb npaum li cas.
• Kev xeem siv cov cuab yeej tuning fork:Cov kev kuaj xws li 'Weber's test' thiab 'Rinne test'. Cov no tuaj yeem ua los ntawm tus kws kho mob pob ntseg, qhov ntswg thiab caj pas. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab txiav txim siab seb koj puas muaj 'sensorineural' lossis 'conductive' hearing loss (hnov ​​​​lus tsis zoo los ntawm teeb meem hauv pob ntseg sab nraud lossis nruab nrab).
• Tympanometry: Qhov no tso cai rau tus kws kho mob pom tias koj cov pob ntseg txav mus zoo li cas thaum hnov ​​​​​​suab.

Qee zaum tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas koj cov hlab ntsha hauv lub taub hau lossis ua cov kev kuaj duab, xws li MRI lossis CT scan.

Cov kev kho mob yog dab tsi?

Muaj ntau txoj kev kho mob rau qhov tsis hnov ​​lus sensorineural. Txoj kev kho mob uas zoo rau koj yuav nyob ntawm seb koj tus mob hnyav npaum li cas thiab ua rau muaj qhov teeb meem li cas.

• Cov khoom siv pab hnov ​​lus: Cov no zoo li cov neeg hais lus me me. Lawv ua kom cov suab sab nraud nrov dua thiab ua rau koj hnov ​​tau yooj yim dua. Tam sim no muaj cov khoom siv pab hnov ​​lus zoo heev, me me, thiab tsis pom.
• Cov khoom siv cog rau hauv lub pob ntseg: Cov no yog cov khoom siv phais uas tsim ib txoj hauv kev tshiab rau cov teeb liab suab mus rau lub hlwb ncaj qha, hla lub pob ntseg sab hauv uas puas lawm. Qhov no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg uas muaj kev tsis hnov ​​lus hnyav.
• Cov Tshuaj: Yog tias koj qhov SNHL yog los ntawm kev o ntawm pob ntseg lossis lwm yam mob, koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv kom noj cov tshuaj xws li corticosteroids.
• Cov khoom siv pab hnov ​​lus uas muaj pob txha (BAHA): Cov no kuj raug phais cog rau hauv pob txha taub hau. Lawv xa suab mus rau sab hauv pob ntseg los ntawm kev co. Lawv tuaj yeem pab tau tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg uas muaj kev tsis hnov ​​lus ntawm lub pob ntseg sab ib sab.
• Kev saib xyuas tas li: Qee zaum, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj qhov SNHL tsis hnyav heev, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom "tos ntsoov." Qhov no txhais tau tias saib xyuas qhov mob yam tsis tas kho.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj li yuav rov zoo li qub? (Outlook)

Feem ntau, lub peev xwm rov zoo los ntawm SNHL nyob ntawm qhov ua rau thiab qhov hnyav ntawm qhov hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo. Feem ntau, SNHL yog ib qho mob mus tas li. Uas yog, nws nyuaj rau kho kom zoo.

Tiamsis tsis txhob tso tseg kev cia siab! Koj tuaj yeem txhim kho koj lub pob ntseg zoo dua nrog cov khoom pab hnov ​​​​lus lossis cochlear implants, uas yuav cia koj txaus siab rau lub neej yam tsis raug txiav tawm ntawm lub ntiaj teb nyob ib puag ncig koj.

Yog tias koj muaj teeb meem hnov ​​lus tsis zoo tam sim ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nrhiav kev kho mob sai li sai tau . Thaum koj pib kho mob sai npaum li cas, koj yuav muaj feem tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo dua.

Qhov no puas tiv thaiv tau?

Yog hais qhov tseeb, SNHL yeej tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau tas li. Nws kuj raug cuam tshuam los ntawm tej yam uas peb tswj tsis tau, xws li kev laus. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ob peb yam uas koj ua tau los txo koj qhov kev pheej hmoo:

• Yog koj noj tshuaj dab tsi, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog lawv cov kev mob tshwm sim . Qee cov tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau pob ntseg puas tsuaj.
• Xyuas koj lub pob ntseg tsis tu ncua kom koj thiaj li paub txog tej teeb meem sai sai.
• Siv cov ntsaws pob ntseg lossis cov khoom siv pob ntseg thaum koj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nrov nrov. Piv txwv li, ntawm cov suab paj nruag, cov chaw tsim kho, lossis thaum ua haujlwm hauv cov chaw tsim khoom. Nco ntsoov tias, kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo los ntawm lub suab nrov nrov yog 100% tiv thaiv tau!

Kuv yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob thaum twg?

Yog tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob no, mus ntsib kws kho mob kom sai li sai tau:

• Yog koj kiv taub hau (vertigo) los yog muaj teeb meem nrog koj qhov kev sib npaug (balance)) .
• Yog tias koj tsis hnov ​​​​​​lus zoo hauv cov chaw muaj suab nrov, lossis thaum muaj ntau tus neeg tham tib lub sijhawm, lossis yog tias nws nyuaj rau ntes tau.
• Yog tias koj muaj lub suab nrov ('(tinnitus)') hauv koj pob ntseg.
• Yog tias koj ib txwm xav kom lub suab ntawm TV lossis xov tooj cua nrov dua li yav dhau los.
• Yog tias koj pom muaj kev hloov pauv loj hauv koj lub pob ntseg tam sim ntawd .

Koj yuav tsum nug tus kws kho mob li cas?

Yog tias koj raug kuaj pom tias muaj SNHL, nws yog ib lub tswv yim zoo los nug koj tus kws kho mob cov lus nug zoo li no:

• Vim li cas kuv thiaj hnov ​​​​lus tsis zoo?
• Puas muaj feem uas kuv lub pob ntseg yuav zoo dua tuaj yeem?
• Kuv muaj cov kev kho mob twg?
• Kuv yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo li cas los ntawm kev kho mob no?
• Kuv yuav tsum tuaj ntsib koj dua (`(follow-up visits)`) ntau npaum li cas?

Kev ua neej nyob nrog kev hnov ​​​​lus tsis zoo (SNHL) tuaj yeem nyuaj heev. Cov suab uas koj nyiam yav dhau los yuav tsis meej li yav dhau los lawm. Nws yog ib qho ib txwm muaj kev tu siab, txhawj xeeb, thiab ntshai txog qhov no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum koj xav tias koj lub pob ntseg puas yuav zoo dua. Tab sis tsis txhob tso tseg kev cia siab. Kev kho mob xws li cov khoom siv pab hnov ​​​​lus thiab cochlear implants tuaj yeem pab koj hnov ​​​​lus zoo dua thiab txuas nrog lub ntiaj teb. Yog tias koj xav tias koj lossis ib tus neeg koj hlub yuav muaj SNHL, nco ntsoov mus ntsib kws kho mob.

Cov lus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov (Cov Lus Coj Mus Tsev)

Zoo, yog li cia peb rov qab qhia koj txog qee yam uas peb tau tham txog.

• Kev Poob Hnov ​​​​lus Sensorineural (SNHL) yog ib hom kev poob hnov ​​​​​​lus uas feem ntau yog mus tas li thiab yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov plaub hau mos mos hauv pob ntseg sab hauv.
• Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev laus, suab nrov nrov, qee yam kab mob, raug mob, thiab qee cov tshuaj.
• Cov tsos mob yuav muaj xws li suab nrov hauv pob ntseg (tinnitus), hnov ​​lus tsis tau zoo, thiab hnov ​​lus tsis tau zoo hauv ib puag ncig uas muaj suab nrov.
• `(Sudden SNHL)` yog ib qho mob ceev uas ua rau koj hnov ​​tsis tau lus tam sim ntawd. Yog tias qhov no tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.
• Kev hnov ​​lus zoo tuaj yeem txhim kho nrog kev kho mob xws li cov khoom siv pab hnov ​​lus thiab cov cochlear implants.
• Kev tiv thaiv koj pob ntseg ntawm cov suab nrov nrov tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm SNHL.

Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj muaj kev tsis ntseeg me ntsis txog koj lub pob ntseg, tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej nws. Nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd. Qhov ntawd yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas koj ua tau.

Kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo sensorineural , SNHL, kab mob pob ntseg, cov khoom siv pab hnov ​​​​​​lus, cochlear implant, tinnitus