Cia peb kawm seb tus kab mob txaus ntshai no hu ua "Superbug" yog dab tsi?

Tej zaum koj twb tau hnov ​​ib tug neeg tham txog cov "superbugs" no hauv ntawv xov xwm, hauv TV, lossis ntawm tus kheej lawm? Thaum koj hnov ​​lub npe no, nws ua rau koj ntshai me ntsis, puas yog? "superbug" txhais li cas? Qhov no puas txaus ntshai tiag? Hnub no, peb yuav tham txog qhov no kom meej, yooj yim heev, hauv txoj kev uas koj nkag siab tau.

"superbug" yog dab tsi? Hais yooj yim xwb...

Hais yooj yim xwb, "superbug" yog ib hom kab mob me me uas tiv taus cov tshuaj uas peb muab los kho ib yam kab mob, tshwj xeeb yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab uas tsis yooj yim raug rhuav tshem. Cov no kuj hu ua "multidrug-resistant microbes," txhais tau tias lawv tiv taus ntau hom tshuaj.

Xav txog seb, koj muaj kab mob bacterial thiab kws kho mob muab tshuaj rau koj. Feem ntau, cov tshuaj tua cov kab mob bacteria. Tab sis, yog tias qhov no yog hom kab mob "superbug", nws tau "hloov kho" rau cov tshuaj. Yog li txawm tias koj muab rau nws los xij, nws yuav tsis tuag. Qhov ntawd yog thaum qhov teeb meem pib. Nws zoo li thaum peb mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, tus yeeb ncuab tau npaj ua ntej rau cov riam phom uas peb siv.

Cov "superbugs" no feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov kab mob me me . Uas yog, lawv feem ntau yog cov kab mob me me uas tau hloov zuj zus los tiv taus ntau hom tshuaj tua kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov fungi kuj tuaj yeem dhau los ua "superbugs" uas tiv taus cov tshuaj tua kab mob fungal.

Koj puas tau xav tsis thoob tias vim li cas cov kws kho mob thiaj li hais tias, "Noj tshuaj tua kab mob raws li tau qhia, rau lub sijhawm kom raug," thiab "Tsis txhob noj tshuaj tua kab mob thaum koj tsis xav tau lawv"? Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau qhov ntawd yog los tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov "superbugs" no.

Thaum cov kab mob kis tau cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntau zaus, lawv nrhiav txoj hauv kev tshiab los khiav tawm. Nws zoo li ib tug tub sab tos kom tua peb txhua hnub thaum peb taug kev hauv tib txoj kev. Yog li, yog tias "superbug" uas tiv taus ntau yam tshuaj nkag mus rau hauv peb lub cev, nws tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus, thiab txawm tias tsis tuaj yeem kho tau.

Cov kab mob "superbugs" feem ntau yog dab tsi?

Txawm hais tias cov kab mob me me tuaj yeem tsim kev tiv thaiv tshuaj tua kab mob, qee cov kab mob me me feem ntau dhau los ua "superbugs." Nov yog ob peb yam piv txwv:

• `Staphylococcus aureus` (piv txwv li MRSA - methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus)
• Cov kab mob Enterobacterales uas tiv taus Carbapenem ( CREs ) thiab lwm yam kab mob Enterobacterales uas tiv taus tshuaj. Cov no suav nrog cov kab mob xws li Klebsiella pneumoniae, E. coli, Salmonella, thiab Shigella.
• Cov kab mob uas ua rau mob gonorrhea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae)
• Kab mob Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• Acinetobacter baumannii
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis (cov kab mob uas ua rau mob ntsws )
• Streptococcus pneumoniae (cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj kab mob pneumococcal)
• `Campylobacter`
• Mycoplasma genitalium
• Bordetella pertussis (cov kab mob uas ua rau mob hnoos qeev)

Ntawm cov kab mob fungal, Candida auris thiab Aspergillus fumigatus kuj tuaj yeem yog "superbugs".

Tiam sis nco ntsoov qhov no: tsuas yog vim koj tau kis tus kab mob hauv daim ntawv teev npe no tsis tau txhais hais tias koj tau tsim "superbug." Muaj cov kab mob no uas tiv taus tshuaj, thiab cov kab mob uas rhiab tshuaj (tuag lawm).

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob "superbug" yog dab tsi?

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob "superbug" yuav txawv nyob ntawm seb tus kab mob nyob qhov twg hauv koj lub cev. Qee cov tsos mob uas pom ntau muaj xws li:

• Ua npaws
• Mob khaub thuas
• Ib qho pob khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij, lossis ib daim tawv nqaij uas liab, tsis muaj xim, mob, o, lossis muaj kua qaub lossis kua dej puv nkaus.
• Hnoos
• Ua tsis taus pa
• Mob hauv siab lossis mob plab (plab)
• Qaug zog lossis tsaug zog ntau dhau ('Lethargy')
• Mob nqaij lossis mob pob qij txha
• Ntshav siab qis
• Lub plawv dhia ceev (Tachycardia)
• Hypothermia (kub cev qis)

Cov tsos mob no tsis yog tsuas yog tshwm sim los ntawm "superbugs" xwb tab sis kuj tshwm sim los ntawm ntau lwm yam kab mob. Yog li, yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias lawv tsis zoo dua nrog kev kho mob, mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.

Cov "superbugs" no tshwm sim li cas?

Muaj ntau yam ua rau "superbugs" tsis kam siv tshuaj. Qee zaum, nws yog ib yam dab tsi uas tshwm sim ntuj. Ntawd yog, lawv hloov zuj zus los nyob ua ke nrog lwm yam tsiaj txhu. Lwm lub sijhawm, cov kab mob lossis cov pwm tsim cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv los thaiv lossis rhuav tshem cov tshuaj tua kab mob lossis cov tshuaj tua kab mob fungal.

Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv tsev kho mob thiab lwm qhov chaw kho mob, cov kab mob tuaj yeem tiv taus cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas cov kws kho mob feem ntau siv. Muaj ntau "superbugs" tshwm sim hauv cov chaw no. Txawm tias siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob kom raug, qhov no tuaj yeem nyuaj rau tiv thaiv.

Cov kab mob me me tuaj yeem xa lawv cov noob caj noob ces tiv taus ('cov noob caj noob ces tiv taus') mus rau lwm cov kab mob me me uas twb muaj lawm. Qhov no hu ua 'kev hloov pauv noob caj noob ces kab mob'. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem dim ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob, yug me nyuam, thiab xa lawv cov noob caj noob ces (nrog rau lub peev xwm tiv taus) mus rau lwm tus.

Tus kab mob "superbug" kis rau peb li cas?

Koj tuaj yeem tau txais "superbug" los ntawm cov hauv qab no:

• Los ntawm kev sib cuag ncaj qha nrog ib tus neeg uas muaj tus kab mob lossis muaj cov kab mob nyob hauv lawv lub cev. Ib txhia neeg ib txwm muaj cov kab mob "superbug" lossis cov pwm nyob rau hauv lossis sab hauv lawv lub cev, tab sis lawv tsis mob. Qhov no hu ua 'kev loj hlob.' Yog tias koj nqa cov kab mob li no, koj tuaj yeem kis mus rau lwm tus, thiab lawv tuaj yeem mob.
• Los ntawm kev kov cov khoom lossis cov chaw uas muaj kab mob sib kis.
• Los ntawm kev sib koom cov khoom uas muaj kuab lom nrog lwm tus. Piv txwv li, cov ntaub pua chaw pw, khaub ncaws, cov khoom siv kho mob lossis cov khoom siv ua si, cov phuam da dej, cov riam txiav plaub hau, lossis cov khoom siv noj mov.
• Cov khoom siv kho mob thiab cov khoom siv kho mob uas muaj kuab lom hauv koj lub cev (piv txwv li, txoj hlab ntshav hauv nruab nrab lossis txoj raj ua pa).
• Los ntawm cov khoom noj lossis dej uas muaj kuab lom thiab cov khoom noj mis nyuj uas tsis tau muab tua kab mob.

Leej twg muaj feem yuav kis tau tus kab mob "superbug" ntau dua?

Tej zaum koj yuav muaj feem yuav kis tau tus kab mob "superbug" ntau dua yog tias koj:

• Yog koj muaj ib txoj hlab ntshav hauv nruab nrab, ib txoj hlab ua pa, ib txoj hlab pub mov, lossis lwm txoj hlab lossis khoom siv uas ntxig rau hauv koj lub cev, cov no tuaj yeem ua rau "superbug" nkag mus rau hauv koj lub cev los ntawm sab nraud.
• Yog tias koj tau noj tshuaj tua kab mob ntev lawm los yog siv lawv ntau zaus. Kev raug tshuaj tua kab mob ntev ntev ua rau muaj feem ntau uas cov kab mob yuav tiv taus tshuaj. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tua cov kab mob "zoo" (tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem) hauv koj lub cev. Cov kab mob "zoo" no yog cov uas tiv thaiv lwm cov kab mob kom tsis txhob loj hlob thiab ua rau muaj kev kis kab mob.
• Yog tias koj muaj ib yam mob uas ua rau koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog, xws li kab mob HIV, mob qog ntshav, lossis ntshav qab zib, lossis yog tias koj tau hloov pauv lub cev lossis hloov cov noob hlwb. Cov mob no ua rau koj lub cev nyuaj rau tiv thaiv kab mob.
• Yog koj nyob hauv tsev kho mob ntev lossis nyob hauv ib qho chaw saib xyuas neeg mob mus sij hawm ntev. Muaj ntau yam "superbugs" pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov chaw kho mob.

Cov teeb meem ntawm "superbugs" yog dab tsi?

Yog tias cov kws kho mob tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau tus kab mob sai sai, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj heev. Piv txwv li:

• Sepsis thiab septic shock (kev teb hnyav rau kev kis kab mob uas ua rau ntshav qis, cov nqaij puas tsuaj, thiab cov kab mob tsis ua haujlwm).
• Kev ua pa tsis ua haujlwm.
• Poob ntawm cov ceg uas muaj kab mob (kev txiav ceg).

Cov xwm txheej no txaus ntshai heev, puas yog? Yog vim li ntawd peb thiaj li yuav tsum txhawj xeeb txog "superbugs."

Yuav ua li cas thiaj paub tias muaj "superbugs"?

Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm kev kis kab mob thiab lawv tsis zoo dua nrog kev kho mob, koj tus kws kho mob yuav xav tias koj muaj "superbug." Lawv yuav nrhiav cov kab mob thiab cov pwm hauv cov qauv ntawm cov kua dej hauv lub cev lossis cov nqaij, lossis sim cog lawv. Cov qauv no yuav suav nrog:

• Ntshav
• Cov zis
• Rooj zaum
• Cov kua dej los yog cov ntaub so ntswg uas tau los ntawm qhov txhab
• Phlegm (cov kua uas tawm los ntawm lub ntsws thaum hnoos - 'Sputum')

Yog koj muaj cov khoom siv kho mob cog rau hauv koj lub cev, lossis yog koj nyuam qhuav mus pw hauv tsev kho mob, qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov ntawd thiab.

Puas muaj tshuaj kho tau cov kab mob "superbugs"?

Tsis muaj ib yam tshuaj twg kho tau "superbugs." Yog vim li ntawd lawv thiaj txaus ntshai heev. Cov kws kho mob kho "superbugs" los ntawm kev nrhiav ib yam tshuaj uas ua haujlwm tawm tsam cov kab mob tshwj xeeb uas ua rau muaj kev kis tus kab mob. Tej zaum koj yuav xav tau kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ntau yam tshuaj, xws li ntau hom tshuaj tua kab mob, los tawm tsam kev kis tus kab mob.

Ntxiv mus, cov kws kho mob kho cov kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij los ntawm kev saib xyuas cov qhov txhab qhib. Qhov no yuav suav nrog kev rho cov qhov txhab tawm thiab phais tshem cov nqaij mob tawm. Lawv kuj tseem yuav tshem tawm cov khoom siv kho mob uas muaj kab mob, xws li cov ceg cuav.

Qee cov kab mob fungal uas tiv taus, xws li Candida auris, tuaj yeem kho tau nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob hu ua echinocandins.

Yuav ua li cas yog tias koj tau txais "superbug"?

Yog koj tau tus kab mob "superbug," tej zaum koj yuav tsum tau kho ntev dua li qhov xav tau lossis siv ntau hom tshuaj. Rau qee tus neeg, tus kab mob no tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Yog tias koj muaj tus kab mob hnyav lossis kis tau sai, koj yuav raug xa mus rau tsev kho mob thiab kho kom cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob tuaj yeem saib xyuas koj ze.

Yog koj muaj kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij, koj tus kws kho mob yuav kho koj cov qhov txhab los ntawm kev phais tshem cov kua dej tawm ntawm lawv. Lawv kuj tseem yuav sau ntawv kom noj tshuaj pleev tawv nqaij lossis tshuaj tua kab mob hauv qhov ncauj.

Koj puas muaj peev xwm dim ntawm tus kab mob "superbug"?

Yog, tib neeg rov zoo los ntawm kev kis tus kab mob "superbug". Txawm li cas los xij, rau cov kab mob hnyav lossis cov kab mob uas kis mus rau hauv cov ntshav, tus nqi tuag yog siab - qee zaum siab txog 50%. Yog li qhov no tsis yog ib yam dab tsi uas yuav tsum tau saib yooj yim.

Kuv yuav tsum mus ntsib kuv tus kws kho mob thaum twg?

Yog tias koj muaj ib yam khoom siv kho mob uas tau cog rau hauv koj lub cev lossis yog tias koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog, nug koj tus kws kho mob seb koj yuav tsum saib xyuas cov cim qhia txog kev kis kab mob li cas. Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob txawv txawv, mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob thiab qhia rau lawv paub txog cov tsos mob ntawd.

Txawm tias koj nyob hauv tsev kho mob los xij, nws tseem ceeb heev rau kev sib txuas lus zoo nrog koj pab neeg saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv. Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm kev kis kab mob, xws li mob, lub plawv dhia ceev, qaug zog, lossis kub taub hau, qhia rau lawv paub.

Kuv yuav tsum mus rau Chav Kho Mob Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev (ETU) thaum twg?

Yog tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob hnyav no, mus rau chav kho mob ceev tam sim ntawd:

• Yog tias qhov kub taub hau siab tshaj 40 degrees Celsius (103 Fahrenheit).
• Mob hnyav heev.
• Qaug dab peg.
• Kev tsis meej pem lossis kev tsis paub qhov twg los xij.
• Ntshav siab poob qis sai sai (cov tsos mob: tsis muaj zog, kiv taub hau, tsaus muag).

Kuv yuav tsum nug kuv tus kws kho mob li cas?

Tej zaum yuav pab tau yog koj nug koj tus kws kho mob cov lus nug zoo li no:

• Kuv muaj cov kev kho mob twg?
• Kuv yuav tsum noj kuv cov tshuaj li cas?
• Thaum twg kuv mam li paub tias kuv yuav zoo?
• Kuv tau tus kab mob no li cas?
• Kuv yuav ua li cas thiaj li tiv thaiv tau hom kev kis kab mob no yav tom ntej?

Puas tiv thaiv tau cov "superbugs"?

Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm "superbugs" yog siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob thaum tsim nyog kiag li.

Muaj cov lus qhia rau cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob kom ua raws li kom tiv thaiv kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob tsis tsim nyog. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev uas koj tuaj yeem pab txhawb rau qhov no thiab:

• Noj tag nrho cov tshuaj raws li tau qhia. Yog tias tus kws kho mob sau ntawv kom noj tshuaj tua kab mob, noj kom tag nrho lub sijhawm uas tau qhia, txawm tias koj xav tias koj zoo los xij. Tsis txhob tsum noj ib nrab ntawm lub sijhawm noj.
• Tsis txhob noj tshuaj tua kab mob tsuas yog tias koj tsis xav tau xwb. Feem ntau cov mob khaub thuas thiab lwm yam kab mob ua pa yog los ntawm cov kab mob. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsis kho tau lawv.

Peb yuav ua li cas thiaj txo tau qhov kev sib kis ntawm cov "superbugs"?

Cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob ua raws li cov cai kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tu cev kom txo tau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis tus kab mob hauv tsev kho mob (tej zaum yog "superbugs"). Cov no suav nrog:

• Ntxuav koj txhais tes tsis tu ncua.
• Tua kab mob rau saum npoo.
• Xyuas kom meej tias tib neeg tsuas yog muab tshuaj tua kab mob thaum lawv muaj kab mob bacterial xwb.
• Kev ua kom cov khoom siv kho mob tsis muaj kab mob.
• Kev cais cov neeg uas muaj tus kab mob "superbug" kom tiv thaiv lawv kom tsis txhob kis mus rau lwm tus.

Txawm hais tias "superbugs" feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov chaw kho mob, lawv tuaj yeem kis tau ntau txoj hauv kev sib txawv. Koj tuaj yeem txo koj qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm "superbugs" los ntawm kev ua raws li cov kev coj ua tib yam uas peb ua los tiv thaiv peb tus kheej ntawm cov kab mob sib kis:

• Khaws cov qhov txhab kom huv thiab npog.
• Tsis txhob siv cov koob txhaj tshuaj dua (txawm tias yog koj li) uas siv los txhaj tshuaj lossis tshuaj uas tsis yog kho mob.
• Ntxuav cov ntaub pua chaw pw, cov phuam da dej, thiab cov khaub ncaws ntau zaus ntawm qhov kub dej kom raug.
• Siv tshuaj tua kab mob los so cov chaw uas koj nquag kov xws li cov qhov hloov teeb, cov chaw taws teeb tswj, thiab cov khoom siv kis las.
• Mus txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv ntau hom kab mob uas yog "superbugs" xws li Bordetella pertussis (hnoos qhuj) thiab Streptococcus pneumoniae (kab mob pneumococcal).
• Xyaum ua kom huv si. Qhov no suav nrog kev ntxuav koj txhais tes kom huv si, hnav khaub ncaws huv si thiab qhuav, thiab tsis txhob muab koj cov khoom ntiag tug faib rau lwm tus.
• Ua raws li cov kev coj ua zaub mov kom muaj kev nyab xeeb. Qhov no suav nrog kev khaws cia zaub mov kom zoo, ua noj nqaij thiab ntses kom kub uas tua tau cov kab mob, thiab ntxuav lossis tev txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub ua ntej noj.
• Siv hnab looj tes los yog daim ntaub thaiv hniav thaum sib deev.
• Nug koj tus kws kho mob seb koj yuav tsum khaws cov khoom siv kho mob (xws li catheter) ntev npaum li cas, thiab yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob thaum lub cuab yeej tseem nyob hauv qhov chaw.

Cov kab mob "superbugs" feem ntau tshwm sim li cas?

Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv Tebchaws Meskas xwb, yuav luag 3 lab tus tib neeg raug mob los ntawm cov kab mob uas tiv taus tshuaj tua kab mob txhua xyoo, thiab ntau dua 35,000 tus neeg tuag los ntawm lawv. Qhov kev hem thawj no kuj tseem loj hlob hauv Sri Lanka.

Kab mob dab tsi nyuaj kho tshaj plaws?

Cov kab mob uas tau tsim kev tiv thaiv rau ntau yam tshuaj yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws rau kev kho. Cov kab mob xws li MRSA thiab CREs feem ntau tiv taus ntau dua ib hom tshuaj tua kab mob. Yog li ntawd, kev nrhiav cov tshuaj zoo (lossis kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj uas ua haujlwm ua ke) tuaj yeem nyuaj thiab siv sijhawm ntau.

Txawm hais tias tib neeg tseem tsis tau tsim cov tshuaj tua kab mob los xij, "superbugs" tseem nyob ib puag ncig - yog li ntawd lawv nyob hauv xwm. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev uas peb siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum peb noj lawv yam tsis tsim nyog, ua rau lawv loj hlob sai dua.

Thaum kawg, tej yam yuav tsum nco ntsoov (Cov Lus Coj Mus Tsev)

Ib tug "superbug" yog ib hom kab mob uas ua rau muaj kev kis kab mob loj, nyuaj kho, thiab tej zaum yuav ua rau tuag taus. Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm kev kis kab mob los ntawm cov kab mob bacterial lossis fungal, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj nyuam qhuav mus rau tsev kho mob lossis chaw kho mob, mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Kev kho mob sai sai tuaj yeem txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob hnyav.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog:

• Tsuas yog noj tshuaj tua kab mob yog tias tus kws kho mob sau ntawv kom noj xwb.
• Yog koj noj tshuaj tua kab mob, noj raws li qhov tau teem tseg rau lub sijhawm uas tau teem tseg. Tsis txhob tsum ib nrab hnub.
• Tsis txhob thov tshuaj tua kab mob rau cov kab mob viral xws li mob khaub thuas, lawv yuav tsis pab.
• Ib txwm ua kom huv si, tshwj xeeb yog ntxuav tes.

Ua raws li cov kauj ruam yooj yim no yuav pab tau peb txhua tus kom tsis txhob raug tus kab mob "superbug" no. Kev ua cov kauj ruam no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev los tiv thaiv koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab lub zej zog.

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