Puas muaj ib tug kws kho mob tau hais rau koj tias koj tus me nyuam muaj autism? Nws yog ib qho ib txwm rau niam txiv ntshai, tu siab, thiab muaj ntau lo lus nug thaum lawv hnov cov xov xwm. "Yav tom ntej ntawm kuv tus menyuam yuav zoo li cas?" "Nws puas yuav tsis muaj peev xwm zoo li lwm tus menyuam?" "Peb yuav ua li cas tam sim no?" Tej zaum koj yuav xav tsis thoob. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb kho mob tseem ceeb tsis ntev los no tau coj kev cia siab rau peb lub siab. Yog li hnub no, cia peb tham txog qhov kev tshawb pom tshiab no thiab koj tuaj yeem kawm dab tsi los ntawm nws ua niam txiv ntawm tus menyuam uas muaj autism.
Txoj kev tshawb fawb tshiab no hais li cas?
Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb uas cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Boston Children's Hospital hauv Tebchaws Meskas tau ua tau pom ib yam dab tsi xav tsis thoob heev. Ntawd yog, ntau dua ib feem peb (37%) ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas kuaj pom tias muaj tus kab mob autism spectrum disorder (ASD) thaum yau tau loj hlob dhau cov tsos mob thaum muaj hnub nyoog 6 xyoos .
Cov kev tshawb fawb no muaj 213 tus menyuam uas tau kuaj pom tias muaj ASD ntawm hnub nyoog 1 thiab 3 xyoos. Cov menyuam no tau kuaj pom thaum muaj hnub nyoog nruab nrab 2 ½ xyoos. Cov menyuam no tau raug kuaj dua ntawm hnub nyoog 5 thiab 7 xyoos. Thaum ntawd cov txiaj ntsig xav tsis thoob no tau pom.
Qhov no txhais tau tias kev kuaj mob thaum tseem yau tsis yog ib yam dab tsi uas siv tau rau tag nrho lub neej ntawm tus menyuam thiab tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau.
Cov menyuam no tau txais kev kho mob dab tsi?
Qhov tseem ceeb heev hauv txoj kev tshawb fawb no yog tias txhua tus menyuam uas kuaj pom tias muaj tus mob no tau txais kev pab cuam. Kev pab cuam uas siv ntau tshaj plaws yog Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Tus cwj pwm (ABA) .
Yog li ntawd, ABA yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov no suav nrog kev ua kom muaj tus cwj pwm zoo uas pab koj tus menyuam loj hlob thiab txo cov cwj pwm tsis zoo uas tsis pab lawv. Piv txwv li, kev qhia koj tus menyuam kom saib lwm tus, tham, luag nyav, thiab nug seb lawv xav tau dab tsi yog tus cwj pwm zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev txo cov yam xws li nyob ib leeg thiab ua tib yam li qub tas li yog ib feem ntawm kev kho mob no.
Los ntawm txoj kev kho mob ABA no, ib tug menyuam yaus:
- Kev txawj sib txuas lus
- Kev mloog zoo thiab kev tsom mus rau ib yam dab tsi
- Kev txawj sib raug zoo
- Kev txawj kawm
Tau muaj pov thawj tias muaj ntau yam uas yuav kho tau. Yog li, qhov no qhia rau peb tias nws tseem ceeb npaum li cas los kuaj mob thaum ntxov thiab pib kho hom kev kho mob no uas tsim nyog rau tus menyuam.
Cov menyuam yaus uas tau zoo los ntawm kev mob nkeeg muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo li cas?
Lwm qhov kev tshawb pom nthuav los ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb no yog tias muaj qee qhov sib txawv ntawm cov menyuam uas tau zoo los ntawm ASD thiab cov neeg uas tseem muaj tus mob no. Cia peb saib cov ntaub ntawv no hauv ib lub rooj.
| Yam ntxwv | Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj ASD tau ntsib dab tsi |
|---|---|
| Kev ua poj niam/txiv neej | Muaj feem yuav muaj menyuam poj niam ntau dua (ASD feem ntau pom muaj ntau dua rau cov menyuam txiv neej). |
| Cov txuj ci txhua hnub | Thaum thawj zaug kuaj pom tias muaj tus kab mob, tus me nyuam muaj qib 'kev ua haujlwm hloov pauv yooj yim' siab heev. Uas yog, lawv zoo dua li lwm tus me nyuam ntawm cov haujlwm txhua hnub xws li hais lus, hnav khaub ncaws lawv tus kheej, thiab txiav txim siab. |
| Kev Ntsuas Txawj Ntse (IQ) | Txhua tus menyuam hauv pawg no muaj qhov qhab nia IQ ntawm 70 lossis siab dua (IQ qis dua 70 suav tias yog ib qho cim ntawm kev tsis taus ntawm lub hlwb). |
Qhov no qhia tau hais tias tej zaum yuav muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus menyuam lub peev xwm thaum pib thiab lawv cov lus teb rau kev kho mob .
Peb cov niam txiv yuav tsum kawm dab tsi los ntawm qhov no?
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb no tej zaum yuav tau muab kev cia siab rau koj me ntsis ntxiv. Qhov ntawd yog ib qho zoo. Raws li Dr. Elizabeth Hasted, ib tug ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov niam txiv kom qhib siab.
"Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nkag siab tias thaum ib tug me nyuam loj hlob tuaj, txawm tias lawv cov kev kuaj mob tuaj yeem hloov pauv. Qee tus me nyuam tuaj yeem muaj kev hloov pauv loj heev hauv lawv txoj kev sib txuas lus thiab tus cwj pwm. Yog li, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas peb txuas ntxiv saib xyuas cov me nyuam thiab hloov kho kev kho mob raws li qhov xav tau," nws hais.
Cov lus tseem ceeb uas peb tuaj yeem kawm tau los ntawm qhov no yog:
- Tsis txhob tso tseg kev cia siab: Tsuas yog vim koj tus menyuam muaj ASD tsis tau txhais hais tias nws yog qhov kawg ntawm lawv lub neej. Nrog kev txhawb nqa thiab kev kho mob zoo, lawv tuaj yeem ua tiav kev vam meej zoo kawg nkaus.
- Sib tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob tsis tu ncua: Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog kev nce qib ntawm koj tus menyuam, txhua yam teeb meem uas koj muaj, thiab txhua yam. "Kws kho mob, zoo li nws zoo dua me ntsis tam sim no," "Kws kho mob, nws muaj tus cwj pwm tshiab no," thiab lwm yam.
- Kev kho mob thaum ntxov yog qhov tseem ceeb heev: Yog tias koj pom muaj kev hloov pauv hauv koj tus menyuam tus cwj pwm, xws li tsis ua si nrog lwm tus menyuam, tsis ntsia lub qhov muag thaum tham lus, lossis tsis hais lus raws li hnub nyoog, tsis txhob ncua sijhawm nrhiav kev pab kho mob. Thaum kuaj pom tus kab mob sai npaum li cas, qhov kev kho mob yuav zoo dua.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Kab mob Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) tej zaum yuav tsis yog ib yam mob uas yuav kho tau mus ib txhis, thiab tej kev tshawb fawb tshiab tau muab kev cia siab.
- Thaum ib tug me nyuam raug kuaj pom tias muaj ASD, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum pib kho kom zoo sai li sai tau . Kev kho tus cwj pwm, xws li Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), tau pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
- Tham txog kev nce qib ntawm koj tus menyuam nrog koj tus kws kho mob tsis tu ncua . Tej zaum yuav tsum tau hloov kev kho mob thaum koj tus menyuam loj hlob tuaj.
- Txhua tus menyuam txawv. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob muab koj tus menyuam txoj kev kawm piv rau lwm tus menyuam. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog txhawb nqa koj tus menyuam nrog kev ua siab ntev thiab kev hlub .
- Thov nkag siab tias txoj kev tshawb fawb no tsuas yog kev cia siab xwb, tsis yog kev lees paub uas siv tau rau txhua tus. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau vam khom cov lus qhia kho mob raws li kev tshawb fawb .
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus