Tej zaum koj twb tau hnov txog mob meningitis, lossis qhov uas peb qee zaum hu ua 'mob ua npaws hauv lub hlwb.' Nws yog ib qho mob hnyav uas ua rau lub npog tiv thaiv nyob ib puag ncig peb lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum o. Nws yog ib qho ib txwm muaj uas yuav ntshai me ntsis thaum koj hnov lub npe. Tab sis qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog tias muaj ntau yam uas peb tuaj yeem ua los tiv thaiv peb tus kheej ntawm tus kab mob no. Tej yam yooj yim xws li kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab ntxuav peb txhais tes tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm peb thiab peb tsev neeg tau tus kab mob no. Yog li cia peb saib seb qhov ntawd ua haujlwm li cas.
Cov hom tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb uas tiv thaiv kab mob meningitis
Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws thiab zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv kab mob meningitis yog txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob meningococcal. Muaj ntau hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no. Cov no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau li ntawm 70% ntawm cov neeg mob uas los ntawm cov kab mob meningococcal. Qhov nruab nrab, cuaj ntawm kaum tus neeg uas tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no tau txais kev tiv thaiv zoo.
Hauv qab no yog cov hom tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb thiab cov lus piav qhia yooj yim txog lawv.
| Pawg tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob | Kev piav qhia thiab cov lus pom zoo |
|---|---|
| Tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob Meningococcal conjugate (MCV4) | Cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom cov menyuam yaus txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no thaum muaj hnub nyoog 11 lossis 12 xyoos. Tom qab ntawd, yuav muab tshuaj ntxiv rau thaum muaj hnub nyoog 16 xyoos. |
| Tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob Serogroup B Meningococcal B | Feem ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no raug pom zoo rau cov tub ntxhais hluas, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov hnub nyoog ntawm 16 thiab 18 xyoo . |
| Tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob Meningococcal polysaccharide (MPSV4) | Qhov no yog lwm hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tiv thaiv tau kab mob meningitis. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab seb hom tshuaj tiv thaiv twg zoo tshaj plaws rau koj raws li koj lub hnub nyoog, kev noj qab haus huv, thiab cov yam uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo. |
Cov neeg uas muaj feem yuav kis tau kab mob tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob
Ntxiv rau kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov menyuam yaus ib txwm muaj, cov kws kho mob kuj pom zoo kom cov neeg uas muaj qee yam kev pheej hmoo txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no. Cov no suav nrog:
- Cov neeg uas xav tias lawv tau nyob ze nrog tus neeg mob meningitis: Vim tias muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm kev kis tus kab mob.
- Cov tub ntxhais kawm xyoo ib nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv qib siab: Kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis tus kab mob yog siab vim muaj ntau tus neeg nyob ua ke.
- Cov neeg uas tab tom kawm ua tub rog: Vim yog nyob ze ua ke hauv cov chaw pw hav zoov.
- Cov neeg mus ncig teb chaws uas muaj tus kab mob meningitis ntau (piv txwv li cov teb chaws Africa).
- Cov neeg uas tau muab lawv lub qhov zis tshem tawm lossis lawv lub qhov zis tsis ua haujlwm zoo: Vim tias lub qhov zis yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Cov neeg uas muaj qhov tsis muaj zog tshwj xeeb hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob: Piv txwv li, cov neeg uas muaj mob xws li "qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom siv sib txuas lus kawg".
- Cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv chaw kuaj mob thiab feem ntau raug cov kab mob meningococcal.
Txawm tias koj tsis poob rau hauv ib qho ntawm cov pawg no los xij, yog tias koj muaj kev tsis ntseeg lossis ntshai txog mob meningitis, tsis txhob yig nrog koj tus kws kho mob hauv tsev neeg tham txog nws.
Nco ntsoov tej no ua ntej koj mus txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Yog tias koj mob hnyav heev rau hnub uas koj txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, xws li yog tias koj kub taub hau, hnoos, lossis mob khaub thuas hnyav, tos kom txog thaum koj zoo tag nrho ua ntej txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no yog tias koj muaj cov mob hauv qab no:
- Yog tias koj tau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj hnyav rau koob tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no yav dhau los.
- Yog tias koj muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj hnyav rau ib qho khoom ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Tej zaum koj yuav hnov mob me ntsis thiab liab ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj. Qhov no yog ib txwm muaj. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm kev ua xua hnyav xws li kub taub hau heev, tsis xis nyob, ua pa nyuaj, lub plawv dhia ceev ceev, lossis kiv taub hau, hu rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd lossis mus rau chav kho mob ceev hauv tsev kho mob ze tshaj plaws (ETU) .
Lwm yam tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb uas tiv thaiv kab mob meningitis
Kab mob meningitis kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim ua ib qho teeb meem ntawm lwm yam kab mob. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem tiv thaiv peb tus kheej ntawm kab mob meningitis los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tiv thaiv cov kab mob yooj yim no. Ntau yam ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no suav nrog hauv qhov kev pab cuam txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv tebchaws uas muab rau cov menyuam hauv peb lub tebchaws.
| Lub Npe Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob | Qhov Tseem Ceeb |
|---|---|
| Tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob Haemophilus influenzae hom B (Hib) | Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tiv thaiv cov kab mob uas ua rau mob ntsws thiab mob hlwb. Cov kab mob Hib yav dhau los yog cov kab mob tseem ceeb uas ua rau mob hlwb rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 5 xyoos. Tab sis tam sim no cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tau txo qhov kev tshwm sim ntawd ntau heev. |
| Tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pneumococcal | Cov no muab kev tiv thaiv kab mob meningitis. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no yog pom zoo rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 2 xyoos thiab txhua tus neeg laus hnub nyoog tshaj 65 xyoos. |
| Tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qhua pias, mob qog, thiab mob rubella (MMR) | Kab mob meningitis tuaj yeem tshwm sim ua ib qho teeb meem ntawm tus kab mob qhua pias thiab kab mob mumps. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv MMR tshem tawm qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawd. |
| Tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob Varicella/Chickenpox | Tus kab mob qhua pias kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob meningitis. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawd. |
Lwm yam kev ceev faj uas tuaj yeem ua tau ntxiv rau kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob
Txawm hais tias kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog peb txoj kev tiv thaiv tseem ceeb, kuj tseem muaj qee yam kev coj ua yooj yim uas peb tuaj yeem ua raws li hauv peb lub neej txhua hnub uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv peb ntawm tsis yog tsuas yog mob meningitis xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj ntau lwm yam kab mob sib kis.
Kab mob Meningitis tuaj yeem kis tau ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau lwm tus los ntawm kev txham, hnoos, hnia, thiab sib koom cov khoom xws li tais diav, riam, thiab txhuam hniav uas tus neeg mob tau siv .
Xav txog seb yog tias muaj ib tug neeg hauv koj tsev neeg tau tus kab mob meningitis uas kis tau yooj yim, tsis txhob nyob ze tus neeg ntawd ntau li ntau tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntxuav koj txhais tes kom huv si nrog xab npum thiab dej ntau zaus. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev.
Yog tias koj tau nyob ze nrog ib tus neeg uas muaj mob meningitis, hu rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.Nyob ntawm seb tus neeg mob muaj hom mob meningitis li cas, tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom koj noj tshuaj tua kab mob ua ntej. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob ntshai, thiab nrhiav kev pab kho mob yog tias koj muaj lus nug.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Txawm hais tias mob meningitis yog ib yam kab mob loj heev los xij, tsis txhob hnov qab tias nws tiv thaiv tau.
- Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv koj tus kheej ntawm tus kab mob no. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob hauv tsev neeg txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tsim nyog rau koj thiab koj cov menyuam thiab mus txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tsim nyog.
- Ntxiv rau kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum ua raws li tus cwj pwm huv si, xws li ntxuav tes ntau zaus nrog xab npum thiab tsis txhob sib koom cov khoom siv tus kheej (xws li txhuam hniav, khob) nrog lwm tus.
- Yog tias koj tau nyob ze nrog tus neeg mob meningitis lossis muaj kev xav tias muaj tus kab mob no, tsis txhob yig mus nrhiav kev pab kho mob .
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus