Xav txog seb yuav muaj li cas yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem nqa cov khib nyiab hauv koj lub tsev mus ob peb hnub? Tag nrho lub tsev yuav qias neeg thiab pib tsw ntxhiab, puas yog? Peb lub cev kuj zoo ib yam li ntawd. Yog tias peb lub cev 'lim khib nyiab', uas yog, lub raum, tsis ua haujlwm zoo, cov tshuaj lom pib sib sau ua ke hauv lub cev. Qhov xwm txheej txaus ntshai ntawd, qhov twg cov tshuaj lom nce ntxiv thiab cov tsos mob tshwm sim, hu ua Uremia. Qhov no tsis yog ib qho xwm txheej uas yuav tsum tau ua si nrog. Cia peb tham txog qhov no kom meej.
Hauv lwm lo lus, Uremia yog dab tsi?
Uremia yog ib qho mob txaus ntshai uas tshwm sim thaum koj lub raum tsis ua haujlwm zoo thiab tsis muaj peev xwm lim thiab tshem tawm cov khoom pov tseg ntawm koj cov ntshav. Qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim kawg ntawm kev tsis ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum . Cov tsos mob ntawm uremia tshwm sim thaum cov khoom pov tseg hauv koj cov ntshav siab heev.
Feem ntau, thaum peb lub raum noj qab nyob zoo, lawv lim cov khoom pov tseg thiab cov kua dej ntxiv ntawm cov ntshav. Cov khoom pov tseg thiab cov kua dej no raug tso tawm ntawm lub cev hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov zis (pee). Lawv kuj pab tswj cov qib ntawm cov kua qaub, electrolytes, thiab cov tshuaj hormones xws li vitamin D thiab erythropoietin (EPO). Thaum lub raum puas lawm, cov txheej txheem lim dej no tsis ua haujlwm zoo. Yog li ntawd, cov tshuaj lom tau sib sau ua ke hauv lub cev.
Feem ntau cov mob raum tsis ua haujlwm vim yog mob raum ntev (CKD) . Qhov no kuj hu ua mob raum theem kawg (ESKD). Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim yog tias mob raum tsis ua haujlwm vim yog raug mob raum sai sai thiab hnyav (mob raum mob hnyav).
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, yog tias uremia tsis kho kom zoo, nws tuaj yeem ua rau coma thiab thaum kawg tuag.
Cov tsos mob ntawm uremia yog dab tsi?
Cov tsos mob ntawm uremia tsis hnyav zuj zus ib zaug. Lawv tsis pom tseeb thaum xub thawj. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub txog cov tsos mob no kom raug thiab nrhiav kev kho mob sai sai.
Cov tsos mob thawj zaug yog xeev siab, ntuav, thiab tsis xav noj mov . Tej zaum koj yuav xeev siab thaum koj sawv ntxov. Tej zaum koj kuj yuav tsis nyiam ntxhiab zaub mov. Ib txhia neeg yuav tsis noj mov kom txog thaum lawv pib noj mov. Yog tias kev hloov raum tsis yog ib qho kev xaiv, tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom pib ntxuav lub raum sai li sai tau thaum cov tsos mob me me no pib.
| Hom tsos mob | Kev piav qhia |
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| Lwm yam ntxwv zoo sib xws |
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| Cov tsos mob uas tshwm sim thaum tus mob hnyav zuj zus |
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Dab tsi yog cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm uremia?
Qhov ua rau muaj uremia yog kab mob raum ntev (CKD), uas ua rau lub raum tsis ua haujlwm tag nrho. Txhua yam kab mob uas ua rau CKD tuaj yeem ua rau lub raum tsis ua haujlwm thiab uremia.
Cov ua rau CKD feem ntau ntawm peb hauv Sri Lanka yog:
- Kab mob ntshav qab zib
- Ntshav siab (Tshuaj ntshav siab)
Tseem muaj ntau yam ua rau koj mob ntshav qab zib lossis ntshav siab. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj muaj ntshav qab zib lossis ntshav siab, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas koj lub raum kom zoo.
Leej twg muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau dua?
Cov neeg uas muaj mob raum tsis ua haujlwm thiab tsis tuaj yeem pib ntxuav lub raum ua ntej cov tsos mob ntawm uremia tshwm sim yog cov neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo siab tshaj plaws. Qee zaum, cov neeg tsis paub tias lawv muaj mob raum ntev. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau lawv tsis tau txais kev kho mob uas lawv xav tau los tiv thaiv kev mob raum tsis ua haujlwm.
Yog tias koj muaj CKD, tshwj xeeb yog tias koj qhov kev kwv yees ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum (eGFR) tsawg dua 45, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob nephrologist thiab pib kho.
Yuav paub qhov mob no li cas?
Koj tus kws kho mob yuav ua raws li ob peb kauj ruam los kuaj mob uremia.
1. Mloog zoo rau koj cov tsos mob.
2.Koj thiab koj tsev neeg keeb kwm kev noj qab haus huv yuav raug nug, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txog kab mob raum.
3. Yuav kuaj lub cev tag nrho.
4. Muaj ntau qhov kev kuaj ntshav los xyuas seb lub raum ua haujlwm li cas.
Cov kev kuaj ntshav no feem ntau saib cov no.
| Kev Ntsuas | Koj pom dab tsi hauv qhov ntawd? |
|---|---|
| eGFR (Kwv yees li ntawm Glomerular Filtration Rate) | Qhov no ntsuas seb koj lub raum lim ntshav tau zoo npaum li cas. Qhov no pab txiav txim seb koj lub raum puas ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj uremia, eGFR feem ntau yog li ntawm 15 lossis qis dua. |
| BUN (Ntshav Urea Nitrogen) | Qhov no ntsuas qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom pov tseg hu ua urea nitrogen hauv cov ntshav. Qhov no yog qhov uas lub npe uremia los ntawm. Hauv uremia, qib BUN tuaj yeem siab heev. Tab sis nco ntsoov, BUN tsuas yog ib qho cim ntawm kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj lom hauv lub cev. BUN nws tus kheej tsis yog qhov ua rau muaj cov tsos mob. |
Ntxiv rau cov kev kuaj no, tej yam xws li kev ntsuas ultrasound ntawm lub raum yuav ua tau los nrhiav qhov ua rau lub raum tsis ua haujlwm.
Cov kev kho mob rau uremia yog dab tsi?
Tib txoj kev kho mob uremia kom zoo yog rov qab ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum. Uas yog, rov pib ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum, txawm tias yog siv dag zog lossis ntuj tsim.
Muaj ob txoj kev kho mob tseem ceeb:
1. Kev ntxuav ntshav
Qhov no suav nrog kev ntxuav koj cov ntshav siv lub tshuab lossis lwm txoj kev.
- Kev ntxuav ntshav: Qhov no suav nrog kev xa cov ntshav mus rau lub tshuab sab nraud koj lub cev, ntxuav nws, thiab tom qab ntawd xa rov qab mus rau koj lub cev.
- Kev ntxuav ntshav hauv plab: Qhov no siv cov ntaub ntawm koj lub plab (peritoneum) thiab cov kua tshwj xeeb los ntxuav koj cov ntshav.
2. Kev Hloov Raum
Qhov no yog txoj kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws. Hauv qhov no, lub raum uas puas lawm yuav raug hloov nrog lub raum los ntawm tus neeg pub dawb uas noj qab nyob zoo (uas tseem muaj sia nyob lossis tuag lawm). Vim tias kev hloov raum zoo dua li kev ntxuav ntshav, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum xav txog nws.
Tsis kho tau nrog tshuaj?
Cov tshuaj kho mob tsis tuaj yeem kho tau cov tsos mob ntawm uremia tag nrho. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv rau cov tshuaj xws li cov no los pab tiv thaiv lwm yam teebmeem ntawm uremia rau lub cev:
- EPO hormone los tiv thaiv kev mob ntshav tsis txaus.
- Cov ntsiav tshuaj hlau yog tias koj tsis muaj hlau txaus.
- Cov calcium, vitamin D, thiab phosphate khi ua ke los tiv thaiv kab mob pob txha.
Thaum twg koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob?
Mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tsis tu ncua kom saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ntawm koj lub raum, tshwj xeeb yog tias koj muaj cov yam ntxwv ua rau muaj kab mob raum.
- Yog leej twg hauv tsev neeg muaj kab mob raum.
- Yog koj muaj ntshav siab.
- Yog tias muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qauv tso zis.
- Yog tias koj muaj o ntawm koj pob luj taws, tes, lossis lub ntsej muag (edema).
- Yog tias koj noj cov NSAIDs tsis tu ncua.
| Yog koj muaj cov tsos mob no, mus rau ETU (Emergency Treatment Unit) tam sim ntawd! | |
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Puas tiv thaiv tau uremia?
Kev tiv thaiv cov uremia yeej txhais tau tias tiv thaiv lossis tswj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob raum ntev (CKD). Yog tias koj muaj CKD, koj tuaj yeem ua cov no los pab tiv thaiv kom tus kab mob tsis txhob loj hlob ntxiv:
- Ua haujlwm nrog tus kws kho mob nephrologist.
- Tswj koj cov ntshav siab, ntshav qab zib , thiab lwm yam mob.
- Noj cov tshuaj uas tus kws kho mob tau sau tseg kom raug thiab raws sijhawm.
- Tsis txhob noj tshuaj (tshwj xeeb yog cov NSAIDs), cawv, thiab lwm yam tshuaj uas ua rau lub raum puas.
- Ua raws li kev noj zaub mov zoo rau lub plawv thiab tsis muaj ntsev ntau.
- Ua kom koj lub cev zoo.
- Tswj koj lub cev kom muaj qhov hnyav zoo.
- Yog koj haus luam yeeb, tsum tam sim ntawd.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Uremia yog qhov tshwm sim txaus ntshai heev ntawm kev tsis ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum.
- Cov tsos mob thawj zaug uas yuav tshwm sim yog xeev siab thiab tsis xav noj mov. Tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej txog cov no.
- Cov kev kho mob tseem ceeb yog kev ntxuav ntshav lossis hloov raum.
- Kev tswj cov ntshav qab zib thiab ntshav siab yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv uremia.
- Yog tias koj muaj kab mob raum, lossis muaj feem yuav mob raum, nrog koj tus kws kho mob sib tham tas li thiab mus kuaj mob thiab kho mob raws li qhov tsim nyog.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus