Di indispensable smɔl hiro na wi layf: Ɔltin bɔt di Medulla Oblongata!

Yu dɔn ɛva wɔnda aw sɔm pan di tin dɛn we de na wi bɔdi – fɔ blo, fɔ bit wi at, fɔ swɛla it – kin apin ɔtomɛtik wan, witout ɛni tray, we wi nɔ ivin tink bɔt am? Di smɔl bɔt rili pawaful pɔsin we de biɛn bɔku pan dɛn rili impɔtant wok ya, dɛn kɔl am Mɛdula Oblongata. Wi go tɔk bɔt dis wɔndaful pat tide?

Wetin na di Mɛdula Oblongata? Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan...

Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, yu mɛdula oblongata na pat pan yu bren stem. Tink bɔt am dis we, frɔm wi bren te to wi spayna, wi gɛt di spɛshal kɔd, we tan lɛk brij we de kɔnɛkt di tu. na dat mek di mεdula oblongata na wan rili imכtant jכnkshכn na wi nεv sεstem. I tan lɛk big jɔnkshɔn usay big big rod dɛn kin mit! I de kɔntrol bɔku pan di impɔtant wok dɛn we wi bɔdi de du.

Wetin ɛksaktɔli di mɛdula oblongata de du? Sɔm pan di wok dɛn we i de du...

di mεdula oblongata (lε wi jכs kכl am "mεdula") gεt wan rili imכtant wok. I nɔ jɔs bi bikɔs ɔf di say we i de, bɔt na bikɔs ɔf di tin dɛn we i de kɔntrol. Na sɔm pan di tin dɛn we i de du:

• I de manej di at , di blɔd sakulayshɔn , ɛn di we aw yu de blo : Yɛs, di mɛdula na di say we wi at ɛn blɔd sistɛm ɛn di we aw yu de blo de wok togɛda fɔ kɔntrol tin dɛn lɛk yu at rit, aw yu de blo, ɛn blɔd prɛshɔn . Imajin se if i nɔ bin de, wi nɔ bin fɔ ivin ebul fɔ blo fayn!
• Ɔda ɔtomɛtik prɔses dɛn de manej: Dɛn tin ya kin apin ɔtomɛtik wan na yu bɔdi we yu nɔ ivin tink bɔt dɛn. Fɔ ɛgzampul, tin dɛn lɛk fɔ kɔf, fɔ sniz, fɔ swɛla it, fɔ vɔmit , ɛn fɔ mek yu balans . We wi de it, wi nɔ de tink se, "A nid fɔ swɛla naw," nɔto so? I kin apin ɔtomɛtik wan. Dis na wetin de ɛp wi fɔ du dat.
• di nεv kכnεkshכn dεm : כl di mεjכr nεv dεm na wi bכdi de kכnekt to wi spεnal kכd. Frɔm de, dɛn kin sɛn mɛsej to ɛn kam na di bren tru dɛn nɛv dɛn ya. So, ɔl dɛn mɛsej dɛn de gɛt fɔ pas tru di mɛdula. fכ pan di tεlv kraynia nεv dεm we de kכnεkt εria dεm lεk yu nεk, trot , εn tכng dεm dεn wan to di bren, de pas tru dis mεdula.
• Krɔs-ɔva pɔynt:Na dis na sɔntin we rili wɔndaful! wan spεshal εria de we dεn kכl "Pyramids" na di mεdula usay bכku pan di nεv dεm we de insay wi bכdi in muvmεnt dεm de kכros ova. Na da krɔs de mek bɔku tɛm wan say na yu bren kin kɔntrol di ɔda say na yu bɔdi. Imajin, we yu want fɔ muv yu raytan, di kɔmand de kɔmɔt na di lɛft say na yu bren. Na dat kin apin bikɔs ɔf dis krɔs.

Impɔtant: Di mɛdula na impɔtant pat pan wi layf ɛn i de du wan wok we rili dilik. So, i rili impɔtant fɔ tek kia ɔf am.

wetin na di rilayshכn bitwin di mεdula εn di kraynia nεv dεm?

wi bin dכn tכk se wan kayn nεv de we dεn kכl di kraynia nεv dεm. Dɛn tin ya kin kam tu tu. Lɛ wi luk sɔm pan di nεv dεm we de pas na di mεdula:

• Kranial Nεv IX (CN IX): Dis nayn kraynia nεv de involv insay plεnti wok dεm na wi mכt. I de kɔntrol di gland dɛn we de mek saliva, teist, ɛn tɔch insay di mɔt. I de kɔntrol bak di gag riflɛks, we de stɔp wi fɔ mek sɔntin stɔp na wi trot bay aksidɛnt.
• Kranial Nεv X (CN X): כda nem fכ dis tεn kraynia nεv na di Vagus nεv. Dis na rili impɔtant nerve na wi bɔdi. i kכnekt to εvri big כgan frכm wi nεk to di כp pat na wi kכlon. i de kכri mεsej dεm frכm di כtonom nεv sεstem, we wi nכ de ivin tink bכt. I de manej tin dɛm lɛk at rit ɛn bɔdi muvmɛnt. I kin kɛr mɛsej dɛn bak to wi larynx (voys bɔks) ɛn di mɔsul dɛn we wi kin yuz fɔ swɛla it.
• Kranial Nεv XI (CN XI): di εlevεn kraynia nεv de kכntro di mכsul dεm na wi nεk εn כp bak. Dɛn mɔsul dɛn ya kin ɛp we yu de tɔn yu ed ɛn es yu sholda dɛn ɔp.
• Kranial Nεv XII (CN XII): di tεlv kraynia nεv de kכntro di mכsul dεm we yu de yuz fכ stik aut yu tכng. So, fɔ tɔk ɛn swɛla rili impɔtant.

Yu si, aw wan impɔtant nyural nɛtwɔk de wok tru dis smɔl mɛdula!

Usay di mɛdula de?

di mεdula de na di bכtכm pat na yu bren. spεshal wan, na di say we yu spεnal kכd de kכnekt to yu bren tru wan opin we dεn kכl foramen magnum na di bכs pat pan yu sכkul. jכs oba di mεdula na di pons, we de dכn di strכkchכ dεm na di midul pan di bren. wan כda tin we di mεdula de sho na we i de separet di nεv dεm we de kכntro di mכsul dεm we de muv (we de na di lεft say) frכm di nεv dεm we de kכntro di sens dεm lεk tכch, tεmprachכ, εn pen (we de na di rayt say).

Aw dis tan lɛk? Shep, kɔlɔ, saiz?

• Shep:di mεdula kin shep lεk tyub, כ fεnεl. Di pat we de ɔp, usay i kɔnɛkt to di pɔn dɛn, na in waid pas ɔl.
• Kɔlɔ: Dis kin gɛt beige ɔ pale in kɔlɔ. Sɔntɛnde, i kin gɛt wan pinkish tin.
• Sayz: Di mɛdula rili impɔtant, bɔt i rili smɔl. I lɔng lɛk 3 sɛntimita (lɛk 1.1 inch). Di krɔs-sekshɔn we wayd pas ɔl na lɛk 2 sɛntimita (lɛk 0.78 inch).
• di wet: di avrej big pipul bren we de bitwin 1.2 εn 1.4 kilogram (2.6 εn 3.1 paund). di mεdula de mek lεk 0.5% pan dis. Dat min se i we bitwin 59 ɛn 72 gram (2 ɛn 2.5 ɔns). I smɔl, bɔt i de du bɔku wok, nɔto so?

Wetin dɛn mek dis wit?

lεk כda bren tisu dεm, di mεdula na difrεn kayn wayt εn grey bren mat εn nεv sεl dεm. Wi bren tisu roughly konsis of:

• 77% na wata
• Fat `(Lipid)` 11% .
• 8% prɔtin
• Ɔda tin dɛn 4% .

Wetin na di kɔmɔn sik ɛn dizayd dɛm wae kin afɛkt di mɛdula?

Dis smɔl bɔt rili impɔtant pat kin afɛkt difrɛn sik ɛn dizayd. Na sɔm pan dɛn:

• Aneurism (di blɔd vesel dɛn we wik ɛn we de bɔl) .
• Kansa
• Bren damej we kin kam bikɔs ɔf injury na in ed, lɛk fɔ kɔnkyushɔn ɛn traumatik bren injury
• Strɔk ɔ Transiɛnt ischemic atak (TIA) (dɛn kin kɔl am bak mini-strok) .
• Bɔku ɔda tin dɛn de bak we nɔ kin apin so ɔltɛm, lɛk Moebius syndrome, multiple system atrophy, ɛn progressive supranuclear palsy.

difrεn kכndyushכn dεm de bak we strכk na di bren stεm, we dεn kכl spεshal nem dεm:

• Wallenberg syndrome: Dɛn kin kɔl am bak lateral medullary syndrome, dis kin apin we di blɔd flɔ to wan say na di medulla kin ambɔg, we kin mek da eria de pwɛl. Dis na di kayn strok we kin afɛkt di mɛdula.
• Dejerine syndrome: Dɛn kin kɔl am bak di medial medullary syndrome, dis kin apin we strok de blok di blɔd flɔ to di midul pan di medulla, we de afɛkt di pyramid dɛm usay di nεv dɛm de krɔs.
• baylatarכl mεdial mεdula sεndrכm: Dis na sכm kayn kכndyushכn we nכ kin apin. I kin jɔyn di tin dɛm we de sho se di sik we dɛn kɔl Dejerine syndrome ɛn Wallenberg syndrome de afɛkt ɔl tu di say dɛm na di bɔdi.
• Sindrom we gɛt di sik we dɛn kɔl Reinhold:Dɛn kin kɔl dis bak ɛmidemɛdulari sindrom. Dis nɔ kin apin so ɔltɛm. I gɛt sayn dɛm fɔ ɔl tu di Wallenberg ɛn Dejerine syndrome, bɔt di Wallenberg syndrome kin afɛkt wan sayd nɔmɔ.
• Babinski-Nageotte ɛn Cestan-Chenais sindrom: Dɛn tin ya bak na rili, rili rare kɔndishɔn. Dɛn kin kam wit sɔm pan de tin dɛm wae kin kam wit Wallenberg syndrome ɛn Reinhold syndrome.

Wetin na di sayn dɛm fɔ prɔblɛm na di mɛdula?

di simptom dεm fכ di kכndyushכn dεm we de afekt di mεdula kin rili sכm lεk di wan dεm we dεn kin si pan prכblεm wit pat dεm na di bכdi we kכnekt to di nεv dεm we de rכn tru di mεdula. Bɔt di difrɛns we impɔtant pas ɔl na dat wit strok we de afɛkt di mɛdula, yu go gɛt sɔm sayn dɛn na wan say na yu bɔdi ɛn sɔm na di ɔda say. Na sɔm pan de sayn dɛm wae kin kam pan pɔrsin:

• Strɔk simptom dɛm (e.g., yu fes de drɔp, yu nɔ ebul fɔ tɔk, yu nɔ gɛt wan an ɛn fut) .
• Inability or lack of coordination (simptom dɛm fɔ ataxia) - fɔ waka lɛk pɔsin we dɔn chak, nɔ ebul fɔ ɔndastand tin.
• Ed de at
• Di vɔys we de ala lawd lawd wan (Dysphonia) .
• Fɔ lɔs fɔ fil se yu gɛt tɛmpracha ɔ yu de fil pen na wan pat na yu bɔdi ɔ yu fes
• Nystagmus (we yu nɔ de kɔntrol yu yay muvmɛnt) .
• Nɔs ɛn vɔmit
• Paralayz (na difrɛn pat dɛn na di fes ɔ bɔdi) .
• I nɔ kin izi fɔ swɛla (Dysphagia) .
• Prɔblɛm dɛn we pɔsin kin gɛt we i de si

Us tεst dεm dεn kin du fכ chεk di hεlth fכ di mεdula?

Bɔrku tɛst de wae kin ɛp fɔ no bɔt sɔm kayn tin wae kin afɛkt yu bren, lɛk di mɛdula. Sɔm pan di tɛst dɛn we dɛn kin du mɔ na:

• Blɔd tɛst (e.g., dεn wan dεm we de luk fכ imyun sistεm prכblεm כ jεnεtik sik dεm) .
• Kɔmpyuta tomografi (CT) skan
• ilektroεnsεfalogram (EEG) (we de mכnitor di ilektrikal aktiviti na di bren) .
• ilektromayogram (EMG) (we de luk pan di nεv dεm we de wok na di mכsul dεm) .
• Magnɛtik rɛsɔnans imej (MRI) .
• Pozitron emishɔn tomografi (PET) skan
• Spinal tap / Lumbar pankchɔ

Wetin na di tritmɛnt fɔ sik dɛn we de na di mɛdula?

sכm tritmεnt dεm fכ sik dεm na di mεdula na spεshal, biכs dis pat pan di bren de du rili spεshal wok dεm. כlso, biכs fכ di say we di mεdula de, כpεrayshכn kin rili at, εn sכmtεm i nכ kin bi, biכs di risk fכ damej כda pat dεm na di bren כ spεnal kכd we de nia de.

Wetin a kin du fɔ mek mi mɛdula gɛt wɛlbɔdi?

Bɔku tin dɛn de we yu kin du fɔ mek yu mɛdula nɔ pwɛl, ɔ fɔ avɔyd tin dɛn we go afɛkt am:

• It di it we balans.If yu nɔ gɛt sɔm vaytamɛn dɛn, mɔ vaytamɛn B12, i kin afɛkt yu bren, ivin di mɛdula, ɛn mek yu gɛt big prɔblɛm.
• Stay fɔ du tin wit yu bɔdi ɛn kɔntinyu fɔ gɛt wɛlbɔdi wet. Prɔblɛm wit yu blɔd sistɛm ɛn yu at kin afɛkt yu bren. Stroke na wan pan dɛn ɛgzampul dɛn de. Bɔrku tɛm na at prɔblɛm kin kam wit strok. Fɔ de aktif ɛn fɔ gɛt wɛl bɔdi wet kin ɛp fɔ ridyus dis risk.
• Wear tin dɛn fɔ protɛkt yusɛf we nid de. If yu wund yu ed, dat kin mek yu bren pwɛl bad bad wan. Kɔnkyushɔn ɔ traumatik bren injury kin apin. We yu wɛr tin dɛn fɔ protɛkt yusɛf (lɛk ɛlmɛt) we yu de wok ɔ ple, dat kin ɛp fɔ protɛkt yu bren frɔm dɛn kayn injury ya.

di mεdula de kכntro di vεkshכn εn di agresiv bihayvya?

Nɔ, yu mɛdula nɔ de kɔntrol aw yu de fil lɛk fɔ vɛks, fɔ vɛks, ɛn fɔ biev bad bad wan. Dɛn filin dɛn de dipen pan tu ɔda say dɛn na yu bren, mɔ di limbic system. di onli wok we di mεdula de du fכ agrεshכn na fכ mεnεj yu at rεt, brith, εn כda כtomatכk prכsεs dεm.

Fɔ dɔn, tin dɛn we wi fɔ mɛmba

So, yu go dɔn ɔndastand naw se di Mɛdula Oblongata na rili impɔtant pat pan wi bɔdi, ilɛksɛf i smɔl. I de wok lεk rilay steshכn, we de εp fכ dayrekt nεv mεsej to difrεn pat dεm na di bכdi. If yu nɔ bin de, yu nɔ go ebul fɔ du sɔntin we simpul lɛk fɔ tɔk yu nem, ɔ we kɔmpleks lɛk fɔ kech ɛn trowe bɔl.

If yu no bɔt di mɛdula oblongata, dat kin ɛp yu fɔ ɔndastand yu yone bɔdi fayn fayn wan. I go ɛp yu bak fɔ kia fɔ yu bren ɛn yu nervɔs sistɛm fayn fayn wan. Tray ɔltɛm fɔ gɛt wɛlbɔdi!

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Medulla oblongata, bren stem, nεv sistεm, brith, at bit, kraynia nεv, strכk