Yu blɔd sɛl dɛn de brok kwik kwik wan? Lɛ wi tɔk bɔt ɛmolaysis!

Sɔntɛnde, yu kin jɔs fil taya ɛn yu ed kin tɔn? Ɔ sɔntɛnde yu kin fil lɛk se yu skin kin yɔlɔ smɔl, ɛn di wayt pat na yu yay kin yɔlɔ? Dis kin bi sɔntin we gɛt fɔ du wit yu rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn, we na wan pan di impɔtant kayn sɛl dɛn we de na yu blɔd. Tide wi go tɔk bɔt wan sik we dɛn kɔl ɛmolaysis , we na we di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn kin brok ɛn pwɛl bifo tɛm. Nɔ wɔri, i impɔtant fɔ no bɔt dis.

Wetin rili na ɛmolaysis?

Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, ɛmolaysis na fɔ pwɛl di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn na wi bɔdi . Yu no, dɛn rɛd blɔd sɛl ya tan lɛk smɔl smɔl wokman dɛn na wi blɔd. na dεn wan dεm we de tek כksijεn frכm di lכng dεm we wi de brith εn de gi am to εvri כda sεl εn tisu dεm na di bכdi. I tan lɛk se yu de kam wit gas silinda na os. So, wi bɔdi de yuz dis ɔksijɛn fɔ mek di ɛnaji we i nid. Dɔn bak, dɛn sem rɛd blɔd sɛl ya kin ɛp fɔ kɛr di kabon dayɔgzayd we wi nɔ want we kin gɛda na wi bɔdi go bak na di lɔng dɛn ɛn pul am.

Nɔmal wan, wi bɔdi kin kɔntinyu fɔ pwɛl ol ɔ wik rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn ɛn put nyu rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn we gɛt wɛlbɔdi. Dis tan lɛk fɔ pul di ol wan dɛn ɛn pul di nyu wan dɛn. Dis saykl we de pwɛl ɛn prodyuz na di rizin we mek wi kin gɛt di rayt rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn na wi bɔdi ɔltɛm.

Bɔt sɔntɛnde, dɛn rɛd blɔd sɛl ya kin bigin fɔ brok bifo tɛm, dat na fɔ brok tu kwik . Dis kin apin bifo wi bɔdi gɛt tɛm fɔ mek nyu sɛl dɛn fɔ ful-ɔp di say we nɔ de. Dis we aw dɛn kin pwɛl di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn kwik kwik wan, dɛn kɔl am ɛmolaysis. If di nɔmba fɔ di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn na di bɔdi go dɔŋ bad bad wan bikɔs ɔf dis ɛmolaysis, wi kin kɔl da kɔndishɔn de ɛmolaytik anemia , ɔ anemia.

Wetin mek dɛn kin pwɛl di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn dis kayn we?

Bɔku tɛm, wan rɛd blɔd sɛl kin liv fɔ lɛk 120 dez so. We dis tɛm dɔn, we dɛn sɛl dɛn de ol, dɛn kin pul spɛshal sayn dɛn. dis signal dεm de mek di splin (we de na di lεft say na di bכdi) na wi bכdi de pwεl dεn ol sεl dεm ya כganayz wan. Jɔs lɛk aw wi kin pul ol, brok brok fɔnicha na wi os.

Dɛn kin mek nyu rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn na wan pat we tan lɛk spɔnj na wi bon dɛn we dɛn kɔl bon mɛro . afta dat di nyu rεd bכdi sεl dεm we dεn mek na dis bon mכro de kכmכt insay di bכdi.

Bɔt sɔntɛnde, if di rɛd blɔd sɛl nɔ fayn ɔ di we aw i mek am, dat kin mek i nɔ liv lɔng. Ɔ, tin dɛn we de na do kin pwɛl di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn ɛn day bifo di bɔdi ebul fɔ mek nyu sɛl dɛn.

Wetin na di men kayn ɛmolaysis?

Dɛn kin sheb di ɛmolaysis to tu men kayn dɛn. Dɛn nem ya de sho usay di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn de pwɛl.

1. εkstravaskul εmolaysis: dis na we di rεd bכdi sεl dεm de pwεl ausayd wi bכdi vεsul dεm (i.e., di vein dεm, at dεm, εn kapilari dεm). Bɔku tɛm, dis kin apin na di splin . As blɔd de pas na di splin, wan spɛshal kayn wayt blɔd sɛl we dɛn kɔl makrofag (dɛn tin ya tan lɛk di wan dɛn we de gayd wi bɔdi) kin no di ol rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn we dɔn pwɛl ɛn pwɛl dɛn.

2. Intravaskul εmolaysis: insay dis, di rεd bכdi sεl dεm de pwεl insay di bכdi vεsul dεm. We dɛn dɔn pwɛl, sɔm pat dɛn pan dɛn sɛl dɛn de kin travul ɔlsay na di bɔdi wit wi blɔd.

Wetin na di tin dɛn we kin mek pɔsin gɛt ɛmolaysis?

Nɔto wan tin nɔmɔ de we kin mek pɔsin gɛt blɔd, bɔt bɔku tin dɛn de we kin mek i gɛt am. Lɛ wi luk am smɔl mɔ.

1. Difεkt dεm na di rεd bכdi sεl dεm sεf

Sɔntɛnde, if sɔntin de we nɔ fayn ɔ we nɔ fayn na di shep ɔ di we aw dɛn mek di rɛd blɔd sɛl, da sɛl de kin pwɛl kwik kwik wan. Bɔku tɛm, sɔm sik dɛn we pɔsin kin gɛt we i bɔn, ɔ we pɔsin kin gɛt frɔm in mama ɛn papa kin mek dɛn kayn bad bad tin ya .

• εmoglobin instεbiliti: εmoglobin na wan protin we de εp fכ kכri כksijεn insay rεd bכdi sεl dεm. Di tin dɛn we kin mek dis nɔ stebul na sikɛl sɛl anemia (we di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn kin tan lɛk sikl) ɛn thalassemia .
• di εnzym dεm we de dכn: Dis kכndyushכn kin apin bak we sכm εnzym dεm we dεn nid fכ di wok we di rεd bכdi sεl dεm de wok nכ de. εgzampl dεm na G6PD dεfisiεns εn pyruvate kinase dεfisiεns .
• di mεmbran dεfεkt: na di kכndishכn dεm we difεkt de na di כta kכva fכ di rεd bכdi sεl dεm, di sεl mεmbran. εgzampl dεm na hεridita sfεrosaytosis ( sεl dεm de bi sfεri) εn εridita εliptosaytosis (sεl dεm de bi lכng).

2. Sik dɛm wae gɛt fɔ du wit di imyun sistɛm

Sɔntɛnde wi yon imyun sistɛm (di sistɛm we de protɛkt wi frɔm sik) kin mistek bigin fɔ atak wi yon rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn. Dɛn kɔl dis ɔtoimyun ɛmolaytik anemia (AIHA) . Dis na tin we nɔ kin apin so ɔltɛm. Sɔm kayn tin dɛn de bak fɔ dis:

• Kol agglutinin sik ( di sik kin wɔs we yu de na kol) .
• Wam agglutinin sik

Sɔm ɔda ɔndalayn kɔndishɔn dɛm wae kin mek yu gɛt AIHA na Mycoplasma pneumonia , lymphoma , leukemia (dɛn tin ya na kayn kansa), lupus, ɛn rεumatoid atraytis (dεn ya na ɔtoimyun sik dεm bak).

Ɔda tin dɛn we nɔ gɛt ɔtoimyun:

• Paroxysmal kol hεmoglobinuria
• Paroxysmal nakt hεmoglobinuria

3. Infɛkshɔn dɛn

Sɔm parasayt, vayrɔs, ɛn baktri dɛn we kin kam insay wi bɔdi kin pwɛl wi rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn, ɛn pwɛl dɛn bifo dɛn chenj dɛn. Wan gud ɛgzampul fɔ dis na malaria . Di parasayt we de mek pɔsin gɛt malaria kin atak di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn dairekt wan.

Ɔda tin dɛn we kin mek pɔsin gɛt di sik:

• Wan sik we dɛn kɔl Babesiosis
• Di sik we Carrion gɛt
• Rɔki Mawnt bin gɛt fiva
• Ɛmofilis inflɔɛnsa
• Human immunodeficiency vayrɔs (HIV) we gɛt fɔ du wit di sik .

4. Sɔm mɛrɛsin dɛn

Sɔm mɛrɛsin dɛn we wi kin tek kin mek wi imyun sistɛm atak di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn ɛn pwɛl dɛn kwik kwik wan pan ɔl we dɛn nɔ kin tek am. Dɛn kɔl dis sik we dɛn kɔl drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia (DIHA) . Dis nɔ kin apin so ɔltɛm.

Sɔm mɛrɛsin dɛn we kin mek pɔsin gɛt ɛmolaysis:

• Asetaminofɛn ( parasɛtamɔl) .
• Sɔm antibayɔtik dɛn we gɛt sɛfalosporin
• Klɔpidogrɛl we dɛn kɔl
• Dapsone we de na di wɔl
• Heparin we dɛn kin yuz
• Levodopa we dɛn kɔl Levodopa
• Levoflɔksasin we dɛn kɔl
• Methyldopa we gɛt di sik
• Naytrofurantoin we dɛn kɔl
• Penisilin we dɛn kin yuz
• Fɛnazopiridin we dɛn kɔl
• Kwinidin we dɛn kɔl
• Kwinin we dɛn kɔl
• Rifampin bin de du am
• Sɔm sɔlfonamid dɛn

Impɔtant: Nɔ mek yu fred wit dis list fɔ di mɛrɛsin dɛn. Dɛn mɛrɛsin ya nɔ kin mek pɔsin gɛt ɛmolaysis. If dɔktɔ dɔn gi yu dɛn mɛrɛsin ya, fala wetin dɛn tɛl yu fɔ du. If yu gɛt ɛni kwɛstyɔn, tɔk to yu dɔktɔ.

5. Kɔmplikɛshɔn dɛn we kin apin we uman gɛt bɛlɛ

Sɔm prɔblɛm dɛn we kin apin we uman gɛt bɛlɛ kin mek bak di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn brok kwik kwik wan.

• HELLP sindrom we gɛt di sik
• Preeklampsia we pɔsin kin gɛt
• Eklampsia we dɛn kɔl Eklampsia

Bikɔs dɛn tin ya na siriɔs tin dɛn we kin apin we uman gɛt bɛlɛ, i impɔtant fɔ go to dɔktɔ wantɛm wantɛm if yu si di sayn dɛn.

6. Di tin dɛn we dɛn kin yuz fɔ mɛn pipul dɛn ɛn di tritmɛnt dɛn

Dis kin apin bak we nɔ kin apin so ɔltɛm. Ɛmolaysis kin apin we dɛn put sɔm mɛrɛsin dɛn na di bɔdi, ɔ we dɛn de du sɔm tritmɛnt dɛn, te di bɔdi ajɔst to dɛn.

• Ɛmodayalis fɔ di wan dɛn we gɛt kidni
• Hat-lɔng baypas mashin (dɛn kin yuz am fɔ big big ɔpreshɔn dɛn) .
• Di hat valv riplesmɛnt dɛn
• כda tin dεm we dεn kin yuz fכ kכndyushכn lεk at fεil, fכ egzampl intra-aortic balכn pכmp εn Impella divays dεm .
• Blɔd transfyushɔn (lɛk we dɛn gi blɔd we nɔ gri wit am) .

7. Pɔyzin ɛn pɔyzin

Sɔm pɔyzin, we pɔsin it, i kin pwɛl di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn ɛn mek i gɛt ɛmolaysis.

• Asɛnik we dɛn kɔl
• Kɔpa ( if yu it am pasmak) .
• Lid
• Arsin ( gas we gɛt pɔyzin) .
• Stibin ( gas we gɛt pɔyzin) .
• Snek pɔyzin

apat frכm dat, eni kכndyushכn we di splin de ova aktif (hypersplenism) kin mek hεmolysis bak. Semweso, if di blɔd prɛshɔn go ɔp pasmak, dat kin mek di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn brok bikɔs di blɔd de muv tru di blɔd vesel dɛn tumɔs kwik kwik wan.

Wetin na di sayn dɛm we de sho se pɔsin gɛt ɛmolaysis?

Di sayn dɛm kin dipen pan aw yu rɛd blɔd sɛl nɔ bɔku. If yu rεd blɔd sɛl nɔr tu smɔl, yu nɔr kin si ɛni sayn. Bɔrku tɛm, di sayn dɛm kin apin bikɔs di bɔdi in sɛl ɛn tisu dɛm nɔr de gɛt inof ɔksijɛn bikɔs di rɛd blɔd sɛl nɔ bɔku.

Di sayn dɛn we kin apin:

• Taya
• Diziz we pɔsin kin gɛt
• Pale skin
• At palpiteshɔn / takikadia
• Shortness of brith / dyspnea we yu nɔ de blo fayn
• Di skin ɛn di wayt na di yay we de yɔlɔ (Jaundice) (Dis kin apin we bilirubin, we na sɔntin we kin kɔmɔt we di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn brok, kin gɛda na di blɔd) .
• Spleen we dɔn big / splenomegaly

Sɔm sayn dɛm kin difrɛn difrɛn wan bay di patikyula kɔndishɔn wae de mek di ɛmolaysis. Fɔ ɛgzampul, pɔsin we gɛt kol agglutinin sik kin gɛt di blɔd we nɔ de go na in finga ɛn fut finga dɛn, ɛn dis kin mek i tɔn blu ɛn nɔ gɛt bɛtɛ trɛnk (Raynaud’s phenomenon) .

Us tɛst dɛn kin du fɔ no if prɔblɛm dɛn de we gɛt fɔ du wit ɛmolaysis?

Dɔktɔ go tek wan sɛmpul pan yu blɔd ɛn du bɔku tɛst fɔ si if yu rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn we nɔ de bɔku na bikɔs ɔf ɛmolaysis.

• Kɔmplit blɔd kɔnt (CBC): Dis kin tɛl yu bɔku tin bɔt ɔl di kayn sɛl dɛn we de na yu blɔd, mɔ di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn. I kin chɛk tin dɛn lɛk yu ɛmoglobin lɛvɛl ɛn aw bɔku ples yu rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn tek na yu blɔd (ɛmatokrit).
• rεtikulכsayt kכnt: Dis na pat pan di CBC tεst. rεtikulכsayt dεm na nyu rεd bכdi sεl dεm we dεn nכ fכm we nכ machכ fulכp yet. we εmolaysis de, di rεtikulכsayt kכnt kin inkrεs as di bכdi de mek nyu sεl dεm kwik kwik wan fכ tek di ples fכ di wan dεm we dεn dכn pwεl.
• Peripheral blood smear: Dis tɛst kin chɛk fɔ si if yu blɔd sɛl dɛn shep ɛn saiz nɔ fayn. Di sɛl dɛn we nɔ shep fayn kin pwɛl kwik kwik wan.
• Laktat dihaydrojenεz (LDH): LDH na εnzym we de insay rεd bכdi sεl dεm. we di rεd bכdi sεl dεm brok dכn fast pas nכmal, di LDH lεvεl na di bכdi kin inkrεs.
• Haptoglobin test: Haptoglobin na wan protin we gɛt fɔ du wit ɛmoglobin. We dɛn brok di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn (lɛk aw dɛn kin du ɛmolaysis), bɔku bɔku ɛmoglobin kin kɔmɔt na di blɔd. afta dat di haptoglobin lεvεl dεm de dכn.
• Bilirubin we nɔ kɔnjɔg: Dɛn kin mek bilirubin we di ɛmoglobin we de na di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn brok. If bilirubin bɔku na di blɔd, dat de sho se bɔku bɔku rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn de pwɛl (na dis kin mek pɔsin gɛt janda).
• Dairekt Kumbs tεst: Dis tεst kin no if yu gεt antibodi dεm we de atak yu rεd blכd sεl dεm εn de pwεl dεm kwik kwik wan (dis kin εp fכ no kכndyushכn lεk AIHA).

Apat frɔm dat, dɔktɔ kin du wan urinelysis fɔ chɛk fɔ blɔd ɛn bilirubin na yu urine, we kin bi sayn fɔ wan sik we dɛn kɔl hemolytic anemia.

Aw dɛn kin trit ɛmolaysis?

Di tritmɛnt we yu go gɛt go dipen pan wetin mek yu gɛt ɛmolaysis ɛn aw yu sik dɛn bad. Di tritmɛnt we dɛn kin gɛt na vaytamɛn, mɛrɛsin, ɔpreshɔn, ɛn blɔd transfyushɔn.

De tin wae impɔtant pas ɔl na fɔ tɔk to yu dɔktɔ bɔt de tritmɛnt wae bɛtɛ fɔ yu, bay aw yu dɔn no bɔt yu sik.

Wi bɔdi de tray ɔltɛm fɔ mek di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn gɛt di rayt nɔmba. Bɔt infɛkshɔn, sik dɛn we pɔsin kin gɛt we i bɔn, ɛn tin dɛn we kin apin na do kin ambɔg dis prɔses ɛn mek di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn pwɛl kwik kwik wan. Dis kin mek di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn go dɔŋ, ɛn dis kin mek pɔsin gɛt ɛmolaytik anemia.

Bɔt di gud nyus na dat, dɛn kin trit bɔku pan di tin dɛn we kin mek pɔsin gɛt ɛmolaysis. We dɔktɔ dɔn no wetin mek yu gɛt ɛmolaysis, dɛn go gi yu tritmɛnt fɔ ɛp fɔ mek yu rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn kam bak to nɔmal.

Impɔtant tin dɛn fɔ mɛmba (Take-Home Message) .

• Ɛmolaysis na we dɛn de pwɛl di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn bifo tɛm.
• Dis kin mek yu gɛt sɔm sayn dɛm lɛk fɔ taya pasmak, yu ed kin tɔn, ɛn yu skin kin yɔlɔ (jaundice) .
• Bɔku tin dɛn kin de we kin mek i apin; difεkt dεm na di rεd bכdi sεl dεm sεf, di imyun sistεm prכblεm, infεkshכn, sכm mεdikeshכn dεm, kכmplikεshכn dεm we uman bεlε, εn כda tin dεm.
• If yu gɛt dɛn sik ya, go mɔs go to dɔktɔ .
• Blɔd tɛst kin ɛp fɔ no di rizin ɛn gi di rayt tritmɛnt.
• Dɛn kin trit bɔku tin dɛn fɔ mek di rɛd blɔd sɛl dɛn kam bak. So i impɔtant fɔ mek yu nɔ fred ɛn aks fɔ di rayt dɔktɔ we de gayd yu.

A op se yu si dis infɔmeshɔn yusful. Stay wit wɛlbɔdi!

` Ɛmolaysis, rɛd blɔd sɛl, anemia, splin, bon mɛro, janda, blɔd tɛst