Wetin na vayrɔs? Lɛ wi lan mɔ bɔt dɛn smɔl ɛnimi dɛn ya!

Bɔku tɛm yu kin gɛt kol ɛn flu? Ɔ yu kin gɛt bɛlɛ at ɛn yu kin gɛt dayarɛa? Biɛn bɔku pan dɛn tin ya we kin mek wi sik, na wan smɔl ɛnimi we wi nɔ kin si. Wi kin kɔl dɛn pipul ya "vayrɔs." So, udat na dɛn vayrɔs ya? Aw dɛn kin go insay wi bɔdi ɛn mek wi sik? Tide, wi go tɔk bɔt ɔl dis rili simpul wan, di we we yu go ɔndastand.

Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, wetin na vayrɔs?

Vayrɔs na wan rili smɔl jem (pathogen) we wi nɔ kin si wit wi yay. Nɔto mɔtalman, animal, ɛn plant dɛn nɔmɔ dɛn kin gɛt, bɔt dɛn kin gɛt baktri ɛn fɛns bak. Bɔt wan vayrɔs kin jɔs infɛkt wan patikyula kayn ɔs.

Vayrɔs tan lɛk smɔl infɔmeshɔn we dɛn rap insay smɔl "bag." dis bag dεn kכl am protεktiv kכva we dεn mek wit protin, we dεn kכl ``kapsid.'' difrεnt lεk di sεl dεm na wi bכdi, vayrus dεm nכ kin ebul fכ sheb εn mek kכpi fכ dεn sεf. Bifo dat, dɛn kin go insay wan sɛl na wi bɔdi ɛn yuz di tin dɛn ɛn mashin dɛn we da sɛl de gɛt fɔ mek bɔku bɔku kɔpi dɛn fɔ dɛnsɛf.

Imajin dis. Sɔmbɔdi kin slip insay yu kichin. Dɛn kin kam wit dɛn yon rɛsipɛkt, bɔt dɛn kin yuz yu pɔt, pan, spun, blɛnda, ɔvin, ɔltin fɔ mek di it. Vayrɔs kin du di sem tin. Di vayrɔs kin go insay wan pan wi sɛl dɛn, i kin yuz di tin dɛn we de insay da sɛl de fɔ mek bɔku kɔpi dɛn fɔ insɛf. Afta sɔm tɛm, i kin pwɛl da sɛl de, dɔn i kin kɔmɔt na do ɛn infɛkt ɔda sɛl dɛn.

Wetin na di men tin dɛn we de sho se di vayrɔs gɛt?

Vayrɔs gɛt sɔm kɔmɔn kwaliti dɛn. Lɛ wi si wetin dɛn bi.

Us kayn vayrɔs wi kin yɛri bɔt bɔku tɛm?

Bɔku bɔku kayn vayrɔs dɛn de. Dɛn sheb dɛn to difrɛn grup dɛn bay dɛn shep, saiz, ɛn di tin dɛn we dɛn gɛt. Lɛ wi luk sɔm kayn vayrɔs dɛm we wi kin yɛri bɔt bɔku tɛm ɛn we impɔtant to wi.

• Influenza vayrɔs: Na dɛn wan ya kin mek pɔsin gɛt kɔmɔn kol ɛn flu. Vayrɔs dɛn we de na dis famili kin mek bak tin dɛn lɛk bɔd flu ɛn swin flu.
• Human hεpi vayrɔs: Dis na big famili fɔ vayrɔs. Dɛn vayrɔs ya kin mek pɔsin gɛt difrɛn sik dɛn lɛk kol, hεpi na di bɔdi, chukchuk, ɛn shingles.
• Koronavayrɔs: Di COVID-19 sik we dɔn paralayz di wɔl dis biɛn tɛm, na wan vayrɔs we kɔmɔt na dis famili de mek am. Bɔt, sɔm kayn korona vayrɔs dɛn de bak we kin mek pɔsin gɛt kɔmɔn kol.
• Human papillomaviruses (HPV): Dɛn vayrɔs ya kin mek di skin gɛt wɔt. Sɔm kayn HPV kin mek yu gɛt kansa bak lɛk sɛvikal kansa.
• Epataytis vayrɔs: Dɛn vayrɔs ya we de ambɔg wi liva. Epataytis A, B, ɛn C na di men kayn sik dɛn.
• Retrovayrɔs: Dɛn wan ya na RNA vayrɔs. Di HIV vayrɔs de pan dis grup. Dɛn vayrɔs ya kin put dɛn jɛnɛtik infɔmeshɔn insay wi yon DNA.

Aw di vayrɔs dɛn kin go insay wi bɔdi?

Vayrɔs tan lɛk tifman, dɛn de luk fɔ opin fɔ go insay wi bɔdi. Dɛn kin go mɔs tru di mukɔs mɛmbran dɛn na wi yay, nos, mɔt, ɛn di say dɛn we wi kin bɔn. Dat min se:

• Na bay we yu inhal drɔp dɛn frɔm pɔsin we gɛt di sik we de kɔf ɔ sniz.
• Na bay we yu tɔch say we gɛt di vayrɔs ɛn afta dat yu tɔch yu yay, yu nos, ɔ yu mɔt wit di sem an.
• Fɔ du mami ɛn dadi biznɛs wit pɔsin we gɛt di sik we nɔ gɛt protɛkshɔn.
• Na bay we i de it blɔd we gɛt di sik.

Vayrɔs kin go insay di bɔdi bak tru wan wund na di skin, skrach, ɔ bayt frɔm animal lɛk mɔskito ɔ tik (e.g. dengue, Zika).

Wetin di vayrɔs dɛn kin du afta dɛn dɔn go insay di bɔdi?

di prכsεs we wan vayrus de infεkt wi sεl dεm na rili kכmpleks. I kin apin insay tu men saykl dɛn.

1. Laytik Saykl

Dis na di aktif, fast we.

• Atak ɛn ɛntrɛ: Di vayrɔs de atak di say we wan pan wi sɛl dɛn de. Dɔn i kin trik di sɛl fɔ mek i go insay.
• fכ rεplikεt: We di vayrus de insay wan sεl, i de tek kכntrol pan di sεl. Dɔn i de yuz di tin dɛn we di sɛl gɛt fɔ mek bɔku bɔku kɔpi dɛn fɔ in jɛnɛtik matirial ɛn di prɔtin kot dɛn.
• Assembly: Nyu pat dεm we dεn fכm kin kam togeda fכ fכm komplit nyu vayrus patikyula dεm.
• Rilis: di nכmba fכ di vayrus dεm we de insay di sεl de inkrεs, εn leta di sεl de bכst. Dɔn bɔku bɔku nyu vayrɔs dɛn kin kɔmɔt ɛn bigin fɔ infɛkt wɛlbɔdi sɛl dɛn we de rawnd dɛn. Dis na wetin kin apin pan sik dɛm lɛk kɔmɔn kol ɛn influenza.

2. Laysojɛnik Saykl

Dis na we we pɔsin nɔ de tɔk, we pɔsin kin ayd.

• Sɔm vayrɔs dɛn nɔ kin pwɛl wan sɛl afta dɛn dɔn go insay am. bifo dat, di vayrus de intagret in jεnεtik infכmeshכn (DNA) insay di sεl in DNA.
• Naw, we di sɛl de sheb nɔmal wan, ɛni nyu sɛl kin gɛt da pat de pan di DNA frɔm di vayrɔs. Di sɛl nɔ ivin no se di vayrɔs de de.
• Dis we ya, di vayrɔs kin ayd na di bɔdi fɔ lɔng lɔng tɛm, ɛn i nɔ kin mek ɛni sayn de.
• Bɔt fɔ sɔm rizin (e.g. strɛs, sik ɛn wik imyuniti), dis saylɛn vayrɔs kin bi aktif wantɛm wantɛm. afta dat i kin chenj to di laytik saykl εn i kin bigin fכ infεkt di sεl dεm bay we i de pwεl dεm. di hεpi vayrus we de mek blista na di mכt, εn hεpi zosta ``(shingles)`` we de apin afta chikinpoks na gud εgzampl fכ dis.

Vayrɔs dɛn de alayv ɔ nɔ de alayv?

Dis na smɔl tin we kɔmplikt. Difrɛn tin dɛn de we sayɛnsman dɛn tink bɔt dis. jεnarali, fכ kכl am כganism, i fכ ebul fכ prodyuz enεji fכ insεf (mεtabolism) εn fכ bכn in wan. Vayrɔs nɔ kin ebul fɔ du ɔl tu. I rili nid ɔda sɛl. Na dat mek bɔku pipul dɛn kin se vayrɔs nɔ gɛt layf .

Bɔt dɛn kin bɔn pikin insay wan sɛl ɛn evolv as tɛm de go, na dat mek sɔm pipul dɛn se dɛn de bitwin layf ɛn nɔ layf.

Wetin na di kɔmɔn sik dɛm wae vayrɔs kin kam wit?

Vayrɔs na de kɔz bɔrku pan de sik dɛm wae wi kin gɛt na wi ɛvride layf. Sɔm ɛgzampul dɛn na:

• Kɔmɔn kol
• Influɛnsa (flu) .
• COVID-19 we gɛt di sik
• Dengue
• Chikinpoks we de mek pɔsin gɛt sik
• Mizɛl
• Mumps we de mek pɔsin gɛt bɔdi
• Polio we pɔsin kin gɛt
• HIV/AIDS
• Jɛnɛral wɔt ɛn sɛvikal kansa (HPV) .
• Hɛpis we de na di bɔdi
• Wan sik we dɛn kɔl Rabies
• Epataytis (liva inflamɛns) .

Vayrɔs na pat pan wi wɔl. Pan ɔl we sɔm pan dɛn kin mek wi sik, sayɛnsman dɛn biliv se bɔku bɔku vayrɔs dɛn de we de liv insay wi bɔdi we nɔ de du ɛni bad tin. Di tin we impɔtant pas ɔl na fɔ fala di abit dɛn we yu nid fɔ klin ɛn go to dɔktɔ di rayt tɛm fɔ protɛkt yusɛf frɔm di vayrɔs dɛn we kin mek yu sik.