Ilɛksɛf yu jɔs gɛt kol ɔ yu bɛlɛ de at, bɔku tɛm wi kin se, "Sɔm jem dɛn fɔ de." Wetin na dɛn ‘jɛm’ ya rili? Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, ɛni maykroɔganism we go insay wi bɔdi ɛn mek sik, dɛn kɔl am pathogen, ɔ insay Inglish, `pathogen.' Pan ɔl we wi nɔ ebul fɔ si dɛn, bɔku pan dɛn de ɔlsay rawnd wi. So, tide wi go tɔk bɔt dɛn patɔjɛns ya, aw dɛn de wok, ɛn aw fɔ gɛt wɛlbɔdi frɔm dɛn.
Udat na dɛn sik ya?
We wi tink bɔt di patɔjɛns, bɔku pipul dɛn kin tink bɔt vayrɔs ɛn baktri dɛm. Bɔt fɔ tru, bɔku difrɛn kayn tin dɛn de we kin mek pɔsin gɛt sik. Wi wɔl ful-ɔp wit dɛn smɔl smɔl tin dɛn ya. Sayɛnsman dɛn se bɔku vayrɔs dɛn de na di wɔl pas di sta dɛn we de na di wan ol yunivas. Bɔt nɔ wɔri, na smɔl smɔl pan dɛn smɔl smɔl tin dɛn ya kin ambɔg wi wɛlbɔdi . Sɔm kin ivin ɛp wi.
Dis na di men kayn patɔjɛns we de mek wi gɛt sik.
| Tayp fɔ di patɔjɛns | Simpul ɛksplen ɛn ɛgzampul dɛn |
|---|---|
| Vayrɔs dɛn | Dɛn pipul ya nɔ go ebul fɔ liv dɛn wan. Dɛn rili nid liv sɛl lɛk wi yon fɔ gro (infɛkt). Ɛgzampul: vayrɔs dɛm we de mek pɔsin kol, dengue, ɛn COVID-19. |
| Baktri dɛn we de na di bɔdi | Dis na ɔrganizm dɛn we gɛt wan sɛl. Sɔm baktri dɛn kin fayn fɔ wi, bɔt sɔm kin mek wi gɛt sik. Ɛgzampul dɛn: baktri dɛm we de mek pɔsin gɛt tayfɔyd fiva, TB, ɛn infekshɔn na di urinary tract. |
| Fɔngi dɛn | Dɛn wan ya kin mek yu gɛt infekshɔn na yu skin lɛk ɛkzema, psoriasis, ɛn ringwɔm. |
| Protozoa dɛn we de na di wɔl | Dɛn tin ya bak na wan sɛl ɔrganizm, bɔt dɛn big smɔl pas baktri dɛm. Ɛgzampul: Dɛn wan ya kin mek pɔsin gɛt sik lɛk malaria ɛn slip sik. |
| Parasayt dɛn | Ɔrganizm dɛn we de liv pan ɔ insay wi bɔdi ɛn it wi. Ɛgzampul dɛn: lays, tepwɔm, hukwɔm. |
Aw dɛn patɔjɛns ya kin mek wi sik?
Difrɛns dɛn de we nɔ klia pan di we aw dɛn sik ya kin kam insay wi bɔdi ɛn wok. Lɛ wi luk tu men we dɛn.
1. Facultative pathogens: Tink bɔt am, dɛn kayn pipul ya kin liv ɛn bɔn pikin insay yu bɔdi, ɛn dɛn kin liv bak na di ɔdasay, lɛk na domɔt knob, na tebul, ɛn ɔda tin dɛn So i at smɔl fɔ avɔyd dɛn.
2. Obligate pathogens: Dɛn wan ya fɔ gɛt ɔs wit liv sɛl lɛk yu fɔ infɛkt dɛn. Dɛn nɔ kin ebul fɔ liv ɛn infɛkt dɛnsɛf na di say we dɛn de. Ɔl di vayrɔs dɛn de pan dis grup.
Dɔn bak, sɔm pathogens nid intamɛdiɛri fɔ pas frɔm wan ɔs to ɔda wan. Fɔ ɛgzampul, di dengue vayrɔs kin kam insay wi bɔdi tru wan mɔskito. Na ya, di mɔskito na di wan we de bitwin dɛn.
Sɔm patɔjɛns dɛn kin tek advantej pan wi imyun sistɛm. We wi de sniz, kɔf, ɔ put dɔti, di patɔjɛns dɛn we de na wi bɔdi kin mek wan rod fɔ mek ɔda pipul dɛn gɛt di sik.
Dat min se we wan patɔjɛns kam insay di bɔdi, dɛn kin pwɛl wi sɛl dɛn ɛn mek pɔyzin. Sɔntɛnde wi yon imyun sistɛm kin go fɔ fɛt dis patɔjɛns, ɛn i kin pwɛl wi yon wɛlbɔdi sɛl dɛn bak.
Aw di patɔjɛns dɛn kin pas?
Dis na sɔntin we wi ɔl no, bɔt nɔ tink bɔt bɔku tin. Pathogens de spre tru wi yone daily habits.
- Tru an: We yu de sniz ɔ kɔf, yu de put yu an to yu mɔt. Dɔn yu kin opin di domɔt wit da sem an de, tɔch waya na di bɔs, ɔ shek ɔda pɔsin in an. Dɔn di patɔjɛns dɛn we de na yu an kin izi fɔ transfa to ɔda ples ɛn to ɔda pipul dɛn.
- Tru it: We yu de pripia ɔ it it wit dɔti an, di patɔjɛns kin kam insay yu bɔdi. Dɔn bak, if yu it raw vegjetabul ɛn frut dɛn we dɛn nɔ was fayn, ɔ if yu it mit ɛn fish we nɔ kuk fayn, di patɔjɛns kin go insay yu bɔdi.
- Tru animal: If yu nɔ was yu an fayn afta yu dɔn ol yu animal, yu kin pas parasayt ɛn baktri to wi. Animal dɛn lɛk rat ɛn kɔkrɔs sɛf kin mek bɔku sik dɛn.
- Tru di wata:If yu drink dɔti wata we dɛn nɔ trit, i kin mek yu gɛt sik dɛn lɛk kɔlera ɛn tayfɔyd, ɛn bak di patɔjɛns dɛn we kin mek yu gɛt siriɔs dayarɛa lɛk giardiasis ɛn kriptosporidium.
Kes dɛn we nid spɛshal atɛnshɔn
Imajin se yu go klin ol os, westɛm, ɔ ples lɛk "wee-bin" we dɛn dɔn lɔk fɔ sɔm tɛm. Sɔntɛm rat dɛn de na dɛn kayn ples dɛn de. Dɛn day bɔdi ɛn dɛn urine kin miks wit dɔst. If yu inhal dis dɔst i kin mek yu gɛt wan denja vayrɔs lɛk hantavayrɔs . So bifo yu go insay da kayn ples de, i rili impɔtant fɔ opin di domɔt ɛn winda dɛn fayn fayn wan fɔ at le 30 minit fɔ mek di briz go insay .
So aw yu go protɛkt yusɛf frɔm dɛn pipul ya?
Dis na di pat we impɔtant pas ɔl. Sɔm simpul tin dɛn de we wi kin du fɔ protɛkt wisɛf frɔm di sik dɛn we de mek wi sik.
- Was yu an ɔltɛm: Dis na di fɔs ɛn impɔtant tin . Was yu an fayn fayn wan wit sop ɛn wata fɔ at le 20 sɛkɔn bifo yu pripia it, bifo yu it, afta yu dɔn yuz di bafa, afta yu chenj pikin in dayapɛt, afta yu dɔn ol animal, ɛn jɔs afta yu dɔn kam bak na os frɔm do.
- Yuz han sɛnitayza: We sop ɛn wata nɔ de, yu kin yuz han sɛnitayza we gɛt at le 60% alkol . Di wan dɛn we gɛt smɔl rɔm nɔ kin kil di jem dɛn bak.
- Fɔ it sef: Was vɛjitebul ɛn frut dɛn fayn fayn wan. Kuk mit, fish, ɛn eg fayn fayn wan. Kip di it dɛn we dɛn dɔn kuk ɛn di it dɛn we dɛn dɔn raw separet.
- Drink klin wata: Ɔltɛm drink wata we dɛn dɔn bɔyl ɔ we dɛn dɔn klin. Ɛspɛshali we yu de waka ɔ na di fɔrɛst, if yu de drink wata frɔm strim, mek shɔ se yu sanitayz am bifo yu drink.
- We yu de kɔf ɔ sniz: Kɔba yu mɔt ɛn yu nos wit yu ɛlbo ɔ tisu. If yu de yuz tisu, trowe am na di dɔti wantɛm wantɛm.
- If yu sik: Stay na os as yu ebul. Dis go ɛp fɔ mek yu nɔ go pas yu sik to ɔda pipul dɛn.
Yu tink se ɔl di maykirɔb dɛn bad? Nɔ, sɔm de we de ɛp wi!
No nid fɔ fred maykroba. Wi kin jɔs kɔl am ‘pathogen’ if i de mek sik. Bɔku maykirɔbial padi dɛn de we nɔ de du bad ɛn we de ɛp wi.
- Gud baktri dɛm: Bɔku trilyɔn baktri dɛm de we de ɛp yu na yu bɔdi. Dɛn kin ɛp wi fɔ digest di it we wi de it, mek sɔm vaytamɛn dɛn, ɛn protɛkt wi frɔm bad bad bɔdi. Dɛn gud baktri ya de na tin dɛn lɛk skim milk ɛn yogɔt.
- Fɔng we de ɛp: Yist na fɔŋ we dɛn kin yuz fɔ mek bred. Di mushroom we wi de it na fungi tu. Dɔn bak, penisilin, we na di antibayɔtik we chenj di wɔlDɛn mek am frɔm di fɛns we dɛn kɔl `Penicillium notatum`.
- Vayrɔs dɛn we de ɛp: Dis kin tan lɛk se i strenj smɔl. Sayɛnsman dɛn de yuz vayrɔs naw fɔ mɛn sɔm sik dɛn. Dɛn kɔl am jin tɛrapi . Wetin dɛn kin du na fɔ pul di pat pan di vayrɔs we de mek pɔsin gɛt di sik ɛn put gud jenɛtik infɔmeshɔn (DNA) we dɛn nid fɔ mɛn di sik. Dɔn di vayrɔs kin go insay wi sɛl dɛn ɛn gi da gud jin de to wi sɛl dɛn. I tan lɛk delivri savis we de kɛr mɛrɛsin. Dɛn de yuz dis fɔ du risach fɔ mɛn sik dɛn lɛk kansa ɛn at sik.
So, pathogens na pat pan wi layf. If yu no bɔt dɛn ɛn fala gud wɛlbɔdi abit, i nɔ kin at fɔ mek yu gɛt wɛlbɔdi ɛn avɔyd dɛn. If yu de gɛt infekshɔn ɔltɛm ɔ yu gɛt ɛni dawt bɔt ɛni sayn, mek shɔ se yu go to yu dɔktɔ .
Mɛsej we dɛn kin kɛr go na os
- Pathogens na smɔl smɔl tin dɛn we de kam insay wi bɔdi ɛn mek wi gɛt sik, lɛk vayrɔs, baktri, ɛn fɛns.
- Dɛn tin ya kin pas mɔ tru dɔti an, it, wata, ɛn briz.
- Di bɛst ɛn simpul we fɔ protɛkt yusɛf frɔm di patɔjɛns na fɔ was yu an ɔltɛm wit sop ɛn wata.
- Nɔto ɔl di maykrobɔd dɛn bad. Bɔku fayn fayn maykirɔb dɛn de bak we de ɛp wi bɔdi.
- I rili impɔtant fɔ go to dɔktɔ if yu de dawt if yu gɛt ɛni sik ɔ if yu kin gɛt infɛkshɔn ɔltɛm.
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