Akakwate akaliwo wakati wa kookolo w’amabeere n’obuzaale bwo (Breast Cancer & Genes): Kino tusaanidde okukimanya?

Kya bulijjo okuwulira ng’otya katono n’okweraliikirira ng’okizudde nti waliwo omuntu mu maka go, oboolyawo maama wo, mwannyoko oba muwala wo, alina kookolo w’amabeere. "Singa baali balina, nange nja kugifuna?" Oyinza okuba nga weebuuza. Ddala waliwo akakwate wakati wa kookolo w’amabeere n’obuzaale bwaffe? Yee, waliwo akakwate okutuuka ku ddaala eritali limu. Naye si kyangu nga bwe tulowooza. Ka twogere ku nsonga eno mu bujjuvu era mu ngeri ennyangu leero.

Okusooka, ka tutegeere ‘gene’ kye kitegeeza.

Okay, kino kyangu nnyo. Teebereza nti omubiri gwaffe kizimbe kinene. Buli kasenge akali mu kizimbe kino kalinga ettoffaali. Kale buli emu ku matoffaali gano erina ekitabo ekinene eky’ebiragiro ekiwandiikiddwa ku ngeri y’okweyisaamu n’eky’okukola. Ekitabo ekyo eky'ebiragiro kye tuyita obuzaale . Bino bitundutundu bitonotono ebikoleddwa ekintu ekiyitibwa DNA.

Mu buli katoffaali akali mu mubiri gwaffe mulimu obuzaale buno obusukka mu 20,000. Buli emu ku buzaale buno tugifuna kkopi bbiri, emu okuva ku maama waffe ate endala okuva ku kitaffe. Kale obuzaale buno tebufuga bintu nga langi y’olususu lwaffe n’obutonde bw’enviiri zokka, naye n’engeri obutoffaali bwaffe gye bukulamu n’engeri gye bukolamu.

Oluusi, enkyukakyuka entonotono n’ensobi bisobola okubaawo mu buzaale buno. Enkyukakyuka zino tuziyita . Teebereza, kiki ekibaawo singa ennukuta emu ku lupapula olumu olw’akatabo ako ak’okuyigiriza eba nkyamu? Ebiragiro byonna bikyuka, nedda? Ekyo kye kibaawo ng’enkyukakyuka ebaddewo mu buzaale. Kiyinza okukyusa enkola ya bulijjo ey’obutoffaali.

Buzaale ki obukulu obukwatagana ne kookolo w’amabeere?

Wadde nga waliwo obuzaale obuwerako obukwatagana ne kookolo w’amabeere, bubiri ku bukulu era obwogerwako bwe buzaale BRCA1 ne BRCA2 .

Mu budde obwabulijjo, obuzaale buno obubiri obwa BRCA bukulu nnyo eri emibiri gyaffe. Omulimu gwabwe kwe kutangira kookolo obutabaawo. Balinga abakuumi b'obutoffaali bwaffe. Obutoffaali bwe bugezaako okukula nga tebufugibwa, puloteyina ezikolebwa obuzaale buno zifuluma ne zikikomya.

Wabula singa osikira obuzaale bwa BRCA1 oba BRCA2 obukyusiddwa okuva ku maama wo oba kitaawo, obukuumi bukendeera. Kino kyongera emikisa gy’obutoffaali obwo obutali bwa bulijjo okukula nga tebufugibwa ne bufuuka kookolo, oba akabi. Ebitundu nga 20% ku 25% ku kookolo w’amabeere ow’obuzaale ava ku nkyukakyuka mu buzaale buno obwa BRCA .

Ensonga ezireeta okubuusabuusa oba kino kya bulabe eri obuzaale

Si buli muntu alina kookolo w’amabeere nti alina obuzaale buno. Naye waliwo ebintu ebimu ebiyinza okukuwa ekirowoozo ekitono. Singa ekimu ku bino wammanga kikukwatako, oyinza okuba n’enkyukakyuka mu buzaale eyeekuusa ku kookolo w’amabeere. Kikulu okwogera n’omusawo wo ku nsonga eno.

Obuzaale buno buva butya okuva ku mulembe okudda ku mulala?

Teebereza singa maama wo oba taata wo yalina obuzaale buno obwa BRCA obukyusiddwa. Olwo oba olina emikisa gya 50% okugifuna. Nga bwe okukuba ekinusu, waliwo emikisa gya 50% egy'okufuna emitwe oba emikira. Bw’ofuna obuzaale obwo, abaana bo balina emikisa gya 50% nabo okubufuna.

Obulabe ki obuli mu nkyukakyuka zino ez’obuzaale?

Omukyala asikira obuzaale bwa BRCA1 obukyusiddwa alina emikisa gya 55% ku 65% egy’okufuna kookolo w’amabeere ku myaka 70. Ku muntu alina obuzaale bwa BRCA2 obukyusiddwa, akabi kano kali nga 45%.

Ng’oggyeeko akabi kano, waliwo ensonga endala eziwerako:

• Kookolo ku myaka emito: Okutwalira awamu obulabe bwa kookolo buba bungi nga tonnagenda mu nsonga .
• Kookolo owookubiri: Omuntu alina enkyukakyuka mu buzaale bwa BRCA alina emikisa egy’okufuna kookolo w’amabeere owookubiri (kookolo omupya ow’enjawulo) oluvannyuma lwa kookolo mu mabeere agamu okuwona.
• Obulabe obulala obuli mu kookolo: Enkyukakyuka zino mu buzaale zongera nnyo ku bulabe bwa kookolo w’amabeere si yekka, wabula ne kookolo w’enkwaso naddala. Mu basajja, era ziyinza okwongera ku mikisa gy’okufuna kookolo w’enseke ne kookolo w’olubuto.

Ani akola okukebera obuzaale?

Kati waliwo okukebera omusaayi okukebera oba waliwo enkyukakyuka mu buzaale buno obwa BRCA1 ne BRCA2. Naye kino si kigezo eri buli muntu.

Ebigezo bino eby’obuzaale bitera okusemba abo bokka abalina ensonga z’akabi ze twayogeddeko waggulu, gamba ng’ebyafaayo by’amaka ebinywevu. Okukebera kuno era kuyinza okuyamba okuzuula obulabe bwa kookolo owookubiri oba kookolo w’enkwaso eri omukyala eyafuna edda kookolo w’amabeere.

Olina okusalawo oba okukeberebwa okw’ekika kino oba nedda oluvannyuma lw’okukubaganya ebirowoozo mu bujjuvu n’omusawo wo.Ajja kukuwa amagezi agasinga obulungi okusinziira ku byafaayo by’amaka go, emyaka gyo, n’ebintu ebirala ebiyinza okuvaako akabi. Osobola n’okukubaganya ebirowoozo n’omusawo wo ekiddako n’ebyava mu kukeberebwa kuno (e.g., okwekebejja ennyo, okulongoosa okukendeeza ku bulabe).