Olina omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala? Oba waliwo gw’omanyi? (Gambling Disorder) Ka twogere ku nsonga eno!

Oluusi, zzaala, gy’otandika n’okusanyukako katono, n’emikwano n’okuteeka ssente entono, mpolampola esobola okufuuka ekizibu ekinene ekifuga obulamu bwo nga totegedde. Ofunye ekintu ng’ekyo? Oba olabye omuntu gw’omanyi, mukwano gwo, oba ow’omu maka go ng’abonaabona n’ekizibu kino eky’omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala? Guno mulamwa abantu bangi gwe batayagala kwogerako, naye nga gwetaaga okwogerwako. Kale, leero tujja kwogera mu bujjuvu ku mbeera eno eyitibwa Gambling Disorder , oba okusingawo, omuze ogutali gwa bulijjo ogwa zzaala.

Obuzibu mu kuzannya zzaala kye ki?

Mu ngeri ennyangu, obuzibu mu kuzannya zzaala mbeera ya bulamu bwa bwongo. Kimanyiddwa olw’enneeyisa ya zzaala etafugibwa, eddiŋŋana, era etali nnungi. Kiyinza okuleeta okunyigirizibwa okw'amaanyi . Era kiyinza okukosa ennyo enkolagana yammwe mu maka go, ku mulimu, emirimu gy’essomero, oba embeera y’ebyensimbi.

Bwe tugamba nti "zaala", kitegeeza omulimu gwonna omuntu mw'ateeka ekintu eky'omuwendo (nga ssente oba ebintu) mu kabi ng'asuubira okuwangula ekintu ekisingawo. Waliwo ebika bya zzaala bingi eby’enjawulo. Ebisinga okubeera mu mizannyo gya kasino ne beetingi ku mizannyo . Kyokka kikulu okukijjukira nti si buli muntu azannya zzaala nti afuna omuze guno.

Ekitabo ekiyitibwa American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) kissa omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala mu kibinja ky’omuze gw’enneeyisa . Mu butuufu, gwe muze gwokka ogw’enneeyisa ogumanyiddwa mu kiseera kino mu DSM-5. Mu ngeri ezimu, omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala gufaananako n’obuzibu bw’okukozesa ebiragalalagala . Zombi zikwata ku kemiko w’obwongo bwo. Era zisobola okuleeta obubonero bw’okulekulira n’okugumiikiriza ng’olekedde awo okukozesa eddagala lino.

Abantu abamu era embeera eno bagiyita "Compulsive Gambling" oba "Problem Gambling" .

Ani asinga okukosebwa embeera eno?

Omuze gw'okuzannya zzaala guyinza okukosa abatiini n'abantu abakulu . Wadde ng’okuzannya zzaala kimenya mateeka eri abo abali wansi w’emyaka 18 mu nsi nga Amerika, tekitera kubaawo mu abo abali mu myaka egyo. Okutandika okuzannya zzaala ng’okyali muto kizuuliddwa ng’ekiyinza okuleeta omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala ng’akyali muto. N’olwekyo, kikulu okuba ng’omanyi ensonga eno eri abaana bo.

Omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala gwa bulijjo gutya?

Abanoonyereza bateebereza nti wakati w’ebitundu 2% ne 4% ku bantu b’omu Amerika bakosebwa omuze guno ogw’okuzannya zzaala. Kyokka, ebibalo bino biyinza obutaba bituufu ddala. Kubanga si buli muntu alina embeera eno nti anoonya amagezi oba obujjanjabi bw’abasawo. Ne mu nsi yaffe, kizibu okwogera ddala abantu bameka ddala abatawaanyizibwa ekizibu kino, okuva bwe kiri nti tekiyogerwako mu lwatu.

Bubonero ki obulaga nti omuntu alina omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala?

Akabonero akasinga okweyoleka era akalaga nti omuntu alina omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala kwe kuba nti gutaataaganya ebintu ebikulu mu bulamu bwo, gamba ng’enkolagana y’amaka go, emirimu gyo, n’okutebenkera mu by’ensimbi. Kuba akafaananyi ng’olina mukwano gwo buli kiseera alina ebizibu by’ensimbi, ng’alwanagana n’ab’omu maka ge, era nga tasobola kukola bulungi mulimu gwe. Bino byonna bwe biba nga biva ku kuba nti buli kiseera azannya zzaala, ekyo kabonero kanene akamulabula.

Wano waliwo ebintu ebirala eby’enjawulo ebiyinza okuzuulibwa:

• Okulowooza buli kiseera ku zzaala: Bulijjo zzaala ebeera ku birowoozo byo, okutuuka ku ssa ly’otosobola kulowooza ku kintu kirala kyonna. Ebintu nga engeri gy’ogenda okukolamu ssente omulundi oguddako, gy’ogenda okuzannya zzaala.
• Obwetaavu bw’okusaasaanya ssente ennyingi oba ebintu eby’omuwendo okufuna essanyu n’okusikirizibwa kwe kumu (Tolerance): Essanyu eryasooka okuva mu kuzannya ne ssente entono, oluvannyuma lw’ekiseera, teruwulira nnyo. N’olwekyo, okwagala okuzannya ne ssente ennyingi okufuna essanyu lye limu.
• Enfunda n'enfunda okulemererwa okufuga oba okulekera awo okuzannya zzaala: Ne bw'olowooza otya nti, "Sijja kuddamu kuzannya zzaala," you just can't do it.
• Okuwulira nga tolina mirembe oba ng’onyiize ng’ogezaako okulekera awo zzaala (Okuggyayo): Okufaananako n’omuntu alina omuze gw’okukozesa ebiragalalagala, bw’ogezaako okulekera awo okuzannya zzaala, owulira nga weeraliikirira, ng’onyiize era ng’onyiize.
• Okuzannya zzaala ng'owulira nga oli ku situleesi (nga "okutoloka" okuva mu nneewulira embi): Bw'owulira ennaku oba okweraliikirira, olowooza nti zzaala y'engeri yokka ey'okugigoba.
• Okugoba Okufiirwa: Okuzannya zzaala okuddamu okufiirwa mu zzaala gye buvuddeko , emirundi mingi kivaamu okufiirwa okusingawo.
• Okulimba abaagalwa baabwe ku nneeyisa yaabwe ey’okuzannya zzaala oba okukweka amawulire: Okulimba oba okukweka ab’omu maka gaabwe n’emikwano ku zzaala yaabwe ne ssente mmeka ze baafiirwa.
• Okwesigama ku balala okusasula ssente z’okuzannya zzaala oba okusasula ssente ze bafiiriddwa mu zzaala: Okwewola ssente ku balala, okusiba ebintu ku musingi, n’okukola ebintu ng’ebyo.
• Okweyongera okuzannya zzaala wadde ng’okimanyi nti kikosa bubi embeera y’ebyensimbi, omulimu, obuyigirize, oba enkolagana ye ey’obuntu: Obutasobola kulekera awo kuzannya zzaala, wadde ng’omuntu akimanyi nti buli kimu kigenda kugwa.

Bw’oba ​​ggwe oba omuntu gw’omanyi alina obubonero buno obumu oba obusingawo, kye kiseera okubaako ky’okola.

Biki ebivaako omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala?

Tewali nsonga emu ereeta omuze gwa zzaala, oba omuze omulala gwonna. Embeera nzibu nnyo. Bino bye bimu ku bintu ebireetera omuntu okubeera omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala:

• Enkyukakyuka mu kemiko mu bwongo.
• Ebikosa obuzaale.
• Engeri z‟obuntu n‟embeera endala ez‟obulamu bw‟omutwe ezibeera awamu.

Kemiko w’obwongo

Okuzannya zzaala ekosa ekifo eky’empeera y’obwongo bwo. Ffenna tuli biologically wired okunoonya empeera. Ebiseera ebisinga, empeera zino ziva mu nneeyisa ennungi. Bw’omala ebiseera n’omuntu gw’oyagala, oba bw’olya emmere ewooma, omubiri gwo gufulumya eddagala eriyitibwa dopamine . Kino kikuleetera okuwulira obulungi. Kiba ng’enzirukanya: Onoonya ebyo by’oyitamu kubanga ofuna enneewulira ennungi.

Ne bw’oba ​​ozannya zzaala, osobola okufuna bingi ku `Dopamine` eno ng’ekulukuta mu bwongo bwo. Lowooza ku ssanyu ly’owulira ng’okubye jackpot ennene! Naye mu kifo ky’okukukubiriza okukola ebintu by’olina okusobola okuwangaala (nga okulya, okukola), emiwendo gino egya `Dopamine` egy’amaanyi giyinza okuba n’akakwate akabi ku birowoozo byo, enneewulira zo, n’enneeyisa yo.

Kino kiyinza okuvaako okwagala okutali kwa bulamu okuzannya zzaala, mu kifo ky’okunyumirwa emirimu egy’obulamu. Ekiseera bwe kigenda kiyitawo, zzaala ekyusa enkola y’obwongo bwo, era tokyafaayo ku bikolwa byayo . Olwo, olina okwongera okuzannya zzaala okusobola okufuna essanyu lye limu lye wali ofuna. Kino kiyitibwa okugumiikiriza .

Ebikosa obuzaale

Omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala gutera okutambulira mu maka. Kino kitegeeza nti kiyinza okuba n'akakwate ku buzaale . Okunoonyereza ku balongo abafaanagana kulaga nti ensonga z’obuzaale, okusinga ensonga z’obutonde (nga ebizibu ebibaawo mu buto), ziyinza okuyamba ennyo mu bulabe bw’okufuna omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala. Kino kitegeeza nti singa omuntu mu maka go abadde n’ekizibu kino, naawe oyinza okuba mu kabi.

Engeri z‟omuntu n‟embeera endala ez‟obulamu bw‟omutwe

Okunoonyereza okuwerako kulaga nti engeri oba enneeyisa zino wammanga ze zisinga okubeera mu bantu abalina omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala:

• Impulsivity: Omuze gw’okukola nga tolowooza.
• Okunoonya okuwulira: Okwagala okukola ebintu ebipya ebisanyusa.
• Okuwalirizibwa: Okuwulira nga tofugibwa ng’olina ky’okola.
• Obuzibu mu kusalawo n’okuteekateeka.
• Obutabeera mu ntebenkevu mu mutima: Okuwulira essanyu akaseera akamu ate akaddako ng’olina ennaku.

Okugatta ku ekyo, abantu abalina omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala batera okuba n’embeera endala ez’obulamu bw’obwongo mu kiseera kye kimu. Ebimu ku bino mulimu:

• Obuzibu bw’okukozesa ebiragalalagala (SUD), naddalaEbizibu ebikwata ku kukozesa omwenge (`Alcohol Use Disorder`).
• Obuzibu bw’okufuga empewo (Ipulse Control Disorders).
• Obuzibu mu mbeera, okugeza , okwennyamira.
• Obuzibu bw’okweraliikirira.
• Obuzibu mu Muntu.

Abantu abamu bayinza okuba n’embeera zino nga tebannafuuka muze gwa zzaala. Abalala, embeera zino ziyinza okubaawo oluvannyuma lw’okufuuka omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala.

Oyinza otya okutegeera omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala?

Okusobola okuzuula oba olina ekizibu kya zzaala, omusawo ayinza okukusindika ew’omukugu mu by’empisa oba omubuulirizi ku mize . Eyo, omusawo ajja kukubuuza (era oboolyawo n’ab’omu maka go) ebibuuzo ebikwata ku ngeri gy’ozannyamu zzaala.

Abakugu mu by’obulamu bw’obwongo bakozesa emisingi okuva mu kitabo ekiyitibwa Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) okuzuula omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala. Okusobola okuzuulibwa kuno, olina okuba ng’ofunye obubonero obutakka wansi wa buna obw’omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala mu mwaka oguwedde .

Bujjanjabi ki obw’okukozesa omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala?

Ekitongole kya U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) tekinnakkiriza ddagala lyonna eryenjawulo erijjanjaba omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala. Kyokka, ebika by’obujjanjabi obw’enjawulo obw’omutwe biyinza okuyamba.

Obujjanjabi bw’eby’omutwe buba bujjanjabi obw’enjawulo obuyamba omuntu okuzuula n’okukyusa enneewulira ze, ebirowoozo bye n’enneeyisa ze ezitali nnungi. Kino kibaawo n‟ omubuulirizi w‟ebyobulamu bw‟obwongo omutendeke, alina layisinsi (nga omusawo w‟eby‟omutwe oba omukozi w‟ensonga z‟abantu mu malwaliro).

Obujjanjabi busobola okukuyamba ku:

• Fuga zzaala yo.
• Dukanya situleesi mu ngeri ennungi.
• Funa engeri endala gy’oyinza okukozesaamu ebiseera byo.
• Ddukanya bulungi eby’ensimbi byo.
• Ddamu okuzimba enkolagana n’abaagalwa bo.
• Oluvannyuma lw’okuwona, kuuma embeera eyo era weewale ebikuviirako.
• Bw’oba ​​olina embeera endala ez’obwongo ezikosa enneeyisa yo ey’okuzannya zzaala, nazo kolako.

Wano waliwo obujjanjabi obw’enjawulo obuyinza okuyamba ku muze gw’okuzannya zzaala:

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Buno bujjanjabi obugendereddwamu, obutegekeddwa. Omukugu mu kubudaabuda abantu ku bulamu bw’obwongo akuyamba okunoonyereza ku ndowooza zo n’enneewulira zo. Ojja kuyiga engeri ebirowoozo byo gye bikwata ku bikolwa byo. Okuyita mu CBT, osobola okukyusa ebirowoozo n‟enneeyisa ezitali nnungi era ezitafugibwa n‟okukulaakulanya endowooza n‟emize emirungi. CBT ye nkola y’eby’omwoyo esinga okukozesebwa mu kujjanjaba omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala.
• Okubuuza ebibuuzo ebikubiriza: Obujjanjabi buno bukuyamba okuzuula n‟okukola ku butali butebenkevu bwo ku kukola enkyukakyuka ennungi. Okuyita mu nkola eno, weetegereza enneeyisa yo ey’okuzannya zzaala erimu ebizibu n’ogigeraageranya n’engeri abantu bonna gye bazannyamu zzaala. Kino kikukubiriza okukola enkyukakyuka mu nneeyisa. Abasawo batera okukikozesa awamu n’obujjanjabi obulala.
• Psychodynamic Therapy: Enzijanjaba eno etunuulira engeri enkola ezitamanyi gye zikwata ku nneeyisa yo. Ekigendererwa kwe kwongera okwemanyiiza n’okutegeera engeri enneeyisa z’emabega gye zikwata ku nneeyisa yo eriwo kati.
• Group Therapy: Kino kika kya bujjanjabi bwa bwongo. Wano, ekibinja ky’abantu bakwatagana ne bateesa ku bizibu byabwe nga balabirirwa omukugu mu by’obulamu bw’obwongo. Obujjanjabi obw‟ekibinja buyinza okuba ensibuko ey‟omuwendo ey‟ okukubiriza n‟okuwagira mu nneewulira eri abo abalina ebizibu bya zzaala naddala abo abeeyawudde ku mikwano n‟ab‟omu maka olw‟embeera yaabwe.
• Obujjanjabi bw’amaka: Enkola eno ey’obujjanjabi esobola okuyamba okusomesa abaagalwa bo ku mbeera eno n’okuleetawo embeera y’awaka enywevu.

Okuzannya zzaala kukosa buli muntu mu ngeri ya njawulo. Waliwo n’ebika bya zzaala eby’enjawulo. N’olwekyo, obujjanjabi obumu buyinza okukola obulungi ku bantu abamu okusinga abalala. Kiyinza okukutwalira ekiseera okuzuula enkola oba omusawo omutuufu akusaanira. Naye kikulu okusigala ng’ogezaako.

Nsobola okuziyiza omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala?

Yee, waliwo emitendera egiwerako gy’oyinza okukola okukendeeza ku bulabe bw’okufuna omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala:

• Weewale oba kkomo ku nneeyisa ya zzaala: Weewale oba gezaako okussa ekkomo ku zzaala yo. Kino kitegeeza okwegendereza emirundi gy’ozannya zzaala, ebbanga ly’ozannya zzaala omulundi gumu, ne ssente mmeka z’osaasaanya mu kuzannya zzaala. Bw’oba ​​owulira nti zzaala etandise okutwala obulamu bwo, genda mangu omusawo oba omukugu mu kubuulirira ku bulamu bw’obwongo .
• Manya ebyafaayo by’amaka go: Singa omuntu mu maka go alina ebyafaayo by’okukozesa ebiragalalagala oba emize gy’enneeyisa, oyinza okuba mu bulabe obw’amaanyi obw’okufuna ekizibu kya zzaala. Yogerako n’omusawo wo ku ngeri gy’oyinza okukendeeza ku bulabe bwo.
• Dukanya situleesi mu ngeri ennungi: Obulabe bw‟okunywa emize bweyongera mu biseera by‟okunyigirizibwa n‟enkyukakyuka mu bulamu. Mu biseera nga bino, kikulu okudda ku nkola ennungi ez’okugumira embeera, gamba ng’okukola dduyiro, okufumiitiriza oba okukola omulimu omupya. Bw’oba ​​olina obuzibu okuddukanya situleesi oba embeera endala ez’obulamu bw’obwongo, laba omukugu mu kubudaabuda abantu ku bulamu bw’obwongo .

Kiki ekitegeeza nti omuntu alina omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala?

Endowooza y’omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala, kwe kugamba, obusobozi bw’okudda engulu, esinziira ku bintu ebiwerako:

• Obuzibu bw’embeera eno.
• Oba onoonya obujjanjabi oba nedda.
• Oba olina embeera endala ez’obulamu bw’obwongo.

Ebyembi, abantu abatakka wansi wa 10% abalina omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala banoonya obujjanjabi obw’ekikugu . Abantu bangi bagezaako okukikola ku lwabwe. Jjukira nti obujjanjabi n’omubuulirizi ku by’obulamu bw’obwongo busobola okukuyamba okuddukanya embeera eno.

Bw’ogeraageranya n’abantu bonna, abantu abalina omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala bali mu bulabe bwa maanyi obw’okwetta . Okunoonyereza okumu ku bantu abanoonya obujjanjabi kwalaga nti 32% ku bo baalina ekirowoozo ky’okwetta, ate 17% baali bagezezzaako okwetta waakiri omulundi gumu.

Bw’oba ​​olina ebirowoozo by’okwetta, nsaba oyogere n’omuntu gwe weesiga mu bwangu, oba onoonye omusawo amagezi. Osobola n’okukuba ku nnamba z’essimu z’okuyamba ku bulamu bw’obwongo mu Sri Lanka (e.g. Sumitrayo 0112696666, National Institute of Mental Health 1926).

Bwe mba nnina ekizibu kya zzaala, nnyinza ntya okweyamba?

Ng’oggyeeko okunoonya obuyambi bw’abakugu, wano waliwo emitendera gy’oyinza okuyitamu okuddukanya omuze gwo ogw’okuzannya zzaala:

• Lowooza ku ky’okwegatta ku kibiina ekiwagira nga Gamblers Anonymous (GA) . Manya oba waliwo ebibiina ebifaanagana oba empeereza z’obuyambi mu Sri Lanka.
• Bw’oba ​​olina obwagazi bw’okuzannya zzaala, weewugule ng’okola emirimu emirala. Ng’okusoma ekitabo, okuwuliriza ennyimba, okukola dduyiro oba okwogera ne mukwano gwo.
• Bw’owulira ng’oyagala okuzannya zzaala, beera mugumiikiriza. Singa weewa akaseera, obwagazi buyinza okuggwaawo oba okunafuwa.
• Tobeera wekka. Saba obuyambi okuva mu baagalwa bo be weesiga. Yogera nabo ku bizibu byo.

Nnyinza ntya okuyamba omuntu alina omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala?

Okuzuula nti omuntu gw’oyagala alina ekizibu kya zzaala kiyinza okukusoomooza ennyo n’okukuteeka ku bunkenke. Wano waliwo obukodyo bw’oyinza okuyamba omwagalwa wo ne ggwe kennyini:

• Yogera: Omuntu alina ekizibu kya zzaala gy’akoma okufuna obujjanjabi amangu, gy’akoma okubeera omulungi. Laga ebikweraliikiriza era obayambe okufuna obujjanjabi amangu ddala nga bwe kisoboka. Kuba essimu y’obuyambi, laba omusawo oba omubuulirizi ku by’obulamu bw’obwongo , oba amagezi okugenda mu kifo nga Gamblers Anonymous. Waayo obuyambi bwo n’obuwagizi bwo awatali kusalawo.
• Yegezeemu Okusaasira:Ne bw’oba ​​tokkiriziganya na muntu wo, wuliriza bulungi ebyo by’aba boogera. Gy’okoma okubawuliriza, gye bakoma okukulaba ng’omuntu gwe basobola okwesiga.
• Beera mugumiikiriza: Tosuubira nti omuze gw’omwagalwa wo gujja kuwona mu mboozi emu oba ekikolwa kimu. Omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala mbeera nzibu era etawona. Tewali ngeri ya mangu gy’oyinza kugivvuunuka.
• Naawe weerabirire: Mikwano gy’abantu n’ab’omu maka g’abantu abalina omuze gw’okuzannya zzaala batera okutawaanyizibwa situleesi, ekiwuubaalo, ennaku, n’okubeera bokka. Kikulu okwerabirira obulamu bwo obw’omutwe n’okunoonya obuyambi bw’oba ​​ofuna obubonero buno.

N’ekisembayo, jjukira (Obubaka bw’Okutwala Awaka) .

Oyinza okuswala okukkiriza nti olina ekizibu kya zzaala, oba oyinza okulowooza nti osobola okukitereeza ku bubwo. Naye jjukira nti tewali kibi mu kukkiriza nti olina ekizibu kya zzaala. Gy’okoma okufuna obuyambi amangu, gy’okoma okubeera omulungi. Bw’oba ​​weeraliikirira enneeyisa yo ey’okuzannya zzaala, yogerako n’omusawo wo oba omukugu mu kubuulirira ku bulamu bw’obwongo . Bali wano okukuyamba n'okukuwagira.

Tolina kuyita mu lugendo luno wekka. Saba obuyambi, kikuwa amaanyi.

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