By’olina okumanya ku Kawumpuli!

Oyinza okuba nga wali owulidde ku ‘Plague’ oba ‘Epidemic’ okuva mu bitabo by’ebyafaayo n’emboozi. Kizibu okulowooza engeri ssennyiga ono gye yali ow’akabi mu kiseera ekyo, si bwe kiri? Naye obadde okimanyi nti kawumpuli ono akyakwatibwa mu nsi ezimu mu nsi? Naye si ssennyiga omunene nga bwe kyali edda. Leero, katukyogere ku nsonga eno mu bujjuvu katono , kubanga kikulu buli muntu okubeera nga amanyi ebintu nga bino.

Ddala Plague kye ki?

Mu ngeri ennyangu, Kawumpuli bulwadde obuva ku bulwadde bwa bakitiriya . Kiva ku kika kya buwuka obuyitibwa Yersinia pestis. Buno buteekebwa mu kibinja ky’obulwadde obuyitibwa zoonotic disease. Kino kitegeeza nti obulwadde buno busobola okusiigibwa okuva mu nsolo okudda mu bantu, n’okuva mu bantu okudda mu nsolo. Businga kusaasaanyizibwa kiwuka, gamba ng’enseenene, ekirumye ekisolo ekirimu obulwadde n’oluvannyuma ne kiluma omuntu.

Kawumpuli alina ebika bisatu ebikulu. Ekika ky’ofuna kisinziira ku wa mu mubiri gwo obuwuka bwa Yersinia pestis we bukosa.

1. Bubonic plague: Kino kikosa ennywanto zo.

2. Septicemic plague: Mu kino, obuwuka buyingira mu musaayi gwo.

3. Pneumonic plague: Kino kikosa amawuggwe go.

Erinnya Plague likyakozesebwa ne leero?

Yee, tukyakozesa erinnya "Plague" ku bulwadde buno obuva ku buwuka bwa Yersinia pestis. Naye emirundi egisinga tukijuliza n’ekika ekyayogeddwako emabegako. Kwe kugamba, kawumpuli wa bubonic, kawumpuli wa septicemic oba kawumpuli w’ekifuba.

Ddala Kawumpuli akyaliwo?

Yee, kawumpuli ono tannaggwaawo mu nsi. Businga kusangibwa mu bitundu ebimu ebya Afrika . Ate era, abantu abawerako bakwatibwa buli mwaka mu Asia, South America, ne Amerika. N’olwekyo, buno si bulwadde obuyinza okwerabirwa ddala.

Ebisingawo katono ku bika bya kawumpuli ebisatu

Kati ka twekenneenye nnyo ebika bino ebisatu ebya kawumpuli okwawukana.

1. Bubonic Plague, ekosa ennywanto z’omusaayi

Kino kye kika kya kawumpuli ekisinga okubeerawo . Era etaasa nnyo obulamu okusinga ebika ebirala ebibiri. Singa obujjanjabi n’eddagala eritta obuwuka butandikibwawo mangu, emikisa gya 95% egy’okuwona.

Bw’oba ​​n’obulwadde bwa Bubonic Plague, ennywanto zo emu oba eziwera zizimba nnyo . Ensigo zino ezizimba ziyitibwa buboes. Zitera okuzimba mu bitundu by’omubiri ebiyitibwa lymph nodes okumpi n’ekifo ensekere eziriko obuwuka we zirumye. Ng’ekyokulabirako, singa enkwale ekuluma ekigere, ennywanto z’amazzi mu kisambi ziyinza okuzimba.

2. Septicemic Plague (ekwata omusaayi) .

Septicemic plague ebaawo nga obuwuka obuyitibwa Yersinia pestis buyingidde mu musaayi gwo . Kino kyabulabe nnyo kubanga obuwuka buno buyita mu musaayi gwo ne butandika okusaanyaawo ebitundu byo. Kino kiyinza okuvaako embeera ez’amaanyi nga gangrene (okufa kw’ebitundu by’omubiri n’okuddugala) n’okulemererwa kw’ebitundu by’omubiri.

Waliwo engeri eziwerako Septicemic Plague gy’esobola okukula:

• Nga balumwa ensekere erimu obulwadde.
• Nga olina amazzi g’omubiri (e.g. omusaayi) okuva mu nsolo erimu akawuka gayingira mu mubiri gwo nga gayita mu kumenya olususu lwo.
• Obulwadde bwa kawumpuli awalala mu mubiri (e.g. bubonic plague) bweyongera okuba obw’amaanyi era obuwuka buyingira mu musaayi (kino kiyitibwa `ssecondary infection`).

3. Pneumonic Plague, akwata amawuggwe

Pneumonic plague ebaawo nga obuwuka obuyitibwa Yersinia pestis buyingidde mu mawuggwe go . Kino kye kisinga obutono ku bika bya kawumpuli ebisatu, era era kye kisinga okuba eky’akabi .

Obulwadde bw’ekifuba busaasaana okuva ku muntu okudda ku mulala, okufaananako n’omusujja ogwa bulijjo, okuyita mu kusesema n’okusesema . Era kiyinza okuva ku kukwatagana okumpi n’ebisolo ebirina obulwadde oba okusaasaana kw’obulwadde bwa kawumpuli awalala mu mubiri okutuuka mu mawuggwe (obulwadde obw’okubiri).

Ekika kino kireeta ekifuba eky’amaanyi n’okulemererwa okussa. Singa tebajjanjabwa mangu, emikisa mingi egy’okufa mu nnaku ntono.

Njawulo ki enkulu wakati wa Bubonic ne Pneumonic Plague?

Ebika byombi biva ku buwuka bwe bumu, Yersinia pestis. Wabula Bubonic Plague bulwadde bwa bakitiriya obubeera mu nnywanto zo. Pneumonic Plague bulwadde bwa bakitiriya obubeera mu mawuggwe go. Enjawulo enkulu y’ekitundu ky’omubiri ekirimu akawuka.

Ani asinga okulwala obulwadde buno?

Kawumpuli asinga kukwata bantu ababeera mu mawanga agawerako mu Afrika naddala mu nsi nga Madagascar ne Democratic Republic of the Congo .

Okugatta ku ekyo, abalwadde bakwatibwa buli mwaka mu Amerika ne Asia. Mu Amerika, businga kubeera mu byalo mu masaza g’amaserengeta. Abantu abakola n’ebisolo naddala mu bitundu ebimanyiddwa nti kawumpuli, bali mu bulabe obw’okukwatibwa obulwadde buno.

Kawumpuli atera kwenkana wa?

Kawumpuli akyaliwo, wadde nga si mungi nga bwe kyali edda. Naye kati tekitera kubaawo nnyo.. Mu nsi yonna, abantu abali wakati wa 1,000 ne 2,000 be bakwatibwa kawumpuli buli mwaka. Mu Amerika, buli mwaka abantu batono nga musanvu be bakwatibwa. Kale, tekyetaagisa kutya nnyo, naye okumanyisa abantu kikulu.

Kawumpuli akosa atya omubiri?

Obuwuuka `Yersinia pestis` bwe buyingira mu mubiri gwo, busooka kwekweka abaserikale bwo . Kino kigisobozesa okweyongera mu ddembe n’okusaasaana mu mubiri gwo gwonna. Obuwuuka bwe buyingira mu katoffaali, bufulumya `obutwa` obutta akatoffaali.

Mu ngeri eno, obuwuka obuyitibwa `Yersinia pestis` busobola:

• Siiga ennywanto zo (bubonic plague), ekivaako okuzimba okunene okuyitibwa `buboes`.
• Yingira mu musaayi gwo (septicemic plague), ekiyinza okwonoona ebitundu byo.
• Yingira mu mawuggwe go (pneumonic plague), ekiyinza okuvaako okuzimba okw’amaanyi n’okukaluubirirwa okussa.

Kawumpuli ki eyasinga obubi mu byafaayo?

Kawumpuli eyasinga obubi mu byafaayo atwalibwa ng’eyo eyabuna Bulaaya, Asiya, ne Bukiikakkono bwa Afirika mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1300 . Mu kiseera ekyo, obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu baafa olw’ekyo. Emu ku nsonga lwaki kino kyaliwo kwe kuba nti abantu baali batera okukwatibwa endwadde olw’obuyonjo obubi n’ebbula ly’emmere mu kiseera ekyo. Yasaasaana okuva mu nsi emu okudda mu ndala ng’eyita mu makubo g’ebyobusuubuzi.

Ebiseera ebisinga, omuntu bw'ayogera ku "kawumpuli," aba ategeeza ssennyiga ono. Era kiyitibwa "Okufa Omuddugavu."

Bubonero ki obwa Plague?

Obubonero obumu obwa kawumpuli butera kubeera mu bika byonna. Waliwo n’obubonero obw’enjawulo okusinziira ku oba olina obulwadde bwa bubonic, sepicemic oba pneumonic plague.

Obubonero obutera okulabika:

• Omusujja
• Okuwunya
• Okulumwa omutwe n’okulumwa omubiri
• Obunafu n’obukoowu obuyitiridde (Fatigue) .
• Okuziyira
• Okuziyira, okusiiyibwa n’ekiddukano

Obubonero obw’enjawulo:

• Bubonic plague: Ennywanto z’omusaayi ezizimba, eziruma (buboes).
• Septicemic plague: Obulumi mu lubuto, okuvaamu omusaayi mu nnyindo, mu kamwa oba wansi w’olususu. Oluusi engalo, emikono, n'ebigere biyinza okufuuka ebiddugavu (`gangrene`).
• Pneumonic plague: Okukaluubirirwa okussa, okulumwa mu kifuba, okusesema, n’okuvaamu omusaayi oba amazzi.

Kawumpuli bw’abaawo afaanana atya?

Endabika ya kawumpuli ekyukakyuka okusinziira ku kitundu ky’omubiri gwo ekikoseddwa.

Kawumpuli w’obulwadde bwa SepticemicObulwadde bwa Gangrene busobola okubaawo. Ebitundu byo bifa. Engalo zo, emikono gyo, engalo zo, amagulu, oba ebitundu by’omubiri ebirala biyinza okufuuka ebiddugavu .

Bw’oba ​​olina obulwadde bwa bubonic plague , ojja kulaba ekitundu kimu oba ebisingawo ebinene ennyo, ebirabika obulungi ebizimba ebizimba (buboes) . Abantu bangi bakozesa ebifaananyi eby’omu kyasa eky’omu makkati okulaga kawumpuli wa bubonic, naye abantu abali mu bifaananyi ebyo balabika nga balina amabwa ku mibiri gyabwe gyonna. Mu butuufu kawumpuli bw’atyo si bw’afaanana. (Ebifaananyi ebyo ebimanyiddwa bitera okulaga ``ekizimba'' oba ``ebigenge.'')

Kiki ekivaako kawumpuli?

Kawumpuli ava ku buwuka obuyitibwa Yersinia pestis. Envunza n’ebisolo ebirala bitambuza obuwuka obuyitibwa Y. pestis. Naye abantu bakwatibwa obuwuka obuluma ebiwuka, gamba ng’enseenene oba enkwale , ebitambuza obuwuka obwo. Obuwuuka bwa Y. pestis buyingira mu nnywanto zo, omusaayi oba amawuggwe ne bukulwaza.

Kawumpuli asiigibwa atya?

Obuwuuka obuleeta kawumpuli, `Y. pestis`, esobola okusiigibwa okuva mu bisolo okudda mu bantu oba okuva mu bantu abalala. Osobola okufuna kawumpuli mu ngeri zino:

• Okuva mu kuluma enkwale oba enkwale: Singa enseenene ebadde erumye envunza oba ensolo endala erimu obulwadde bwa `Y. pestis` olwo n'akuluma.
• Butereevu okuva mu nsolo erimu akawuka: Okuyita mu kukwatagana n’amazzi g’omubiri oba ebitundu by’omubiri (e.g. omusaayi, ennyama) eby’ekisolo ekirimu obulwadde.
• Okuva ku muntu omulala: Singa omuntu aba n’obuwuka obuyitibwa bacteria `Y. pestis` mu mawuggwe gaabwe (pneumonic plague), era osobola okukwatibwa singa basesema oba okusesema.

Ebisolo nabyo bisobola okukwatibwa kawumpuli okuva mu bisolo ebirala.

Bisolo ki ebizaala kawumpuli?

Abantu bangi balowooza nti envunza zokka ze zisobola okusaasaanya kawumpuli ono. Kyokka ensolo endala nnyingi zisobola okutwala obulwadde buno n’okubusaasaanya. Okusinziira ku kifo w’obeera, ebisolo ebisinga okukwatibwa kawumpuli biyinza okwawukana. Okunoonyereza kulaga nti kawumpuli ono asobola okukwata ebisolo bino:

• Ebiwuka: Ebisolo ng’ebibe, embwa z’omu bibira, enseenene, enseenene, n’embizzi za guinea.
• Ebisolo ebirala ebiyonka ebitonotono.
• Embwa n’embwa zikuumibwa awaka. (Yee, ebisolo byaffe eby’omu nnyumba nabyo bisobola okufuna kino!)
• Empeewo.
• Engamiya.

Plague bulwadde obusiigibwa?

Bubonic plague ne sepicemic plague tezisiigibwa butereevu okuva ku muntu omu okudda ku mulala. Ekyo kitegeeza nti tojja kulwala olw’okukwata oba okwogera n’omuntu azirina (wegendereze enkwale!).

Kyokka, kawumpuli w’ekifuba akwata. Busaasaana omuntu alina kawumpuli w’ekifuba bw’asesema , n’asesema, era ng’akwatagana nnyo n’abantu abalina obulwadde buno.Kiyinza okusiigibwa okuva ku muntu omu okudda ku mulala. Busaasaana ng’omusujja, naye ebivaamu biba bya maanyi nnyo.

Plague kawuka?

Nedda, Plague si kawuka. Buva ku buwuka obuyitibwa Yersinia pestis.

Otegeera otya kawumpuli?

Akabonero akasinga okulabika aka bubonic plague ye nnywanto okuzimba era eruma eyitibwa `bubo.` Bw’oba ​​olumbiddwa enkwale oba ng’olina `bubo,` omusawo wo ayinza okuteebereza kawumpuli.

Bw’ogenda okulaba omusawo, kakasa nti oyogera bino:

• Bw’oba ​​obeera mu kitundu ekirimu obulwadde bwa kawumpuli, oba nga waakagenda mu kitundu ng’ekyo.
• Ofunye enseenene.
• Bw’oba ​​okwata ku bisolo by’olowooza nti biyinza okuba nga bifunye akawuka.
• Bw’oba ​​olina ennywanto emu oba eziwera eziruma, ezizimba mu mubiri gwo.

Okukebera okuzuula obulwadde

Okuzuula kawumpuli, omusawo ajja kuggya omusaayi gwo, amalusu oba amazzi okuva mu nnywanto n’agasindika mu laabu okunoonya obubonero bw’obuwuka bwa Y. pestis.

Kawumpuli ajjanjabibwa atya?

Kikulu nnyo okujjanjaba kawumpuli n’eddagala eritta obuwuka mu bwangu.

Omusawo ajja kukuwa eddagala oba okuyita mu musuwa (an IV) oba ng’empeke. Okusinziira ku bubonero bwo n’ebiyinza okuvaako akabi, oyinza okutandika okukozesa eddagala eritta obuwuka ng’ebyava mu kukeberebwa tebinnayingira.Obudde bwe bukulu.

Eddagala ki erikozesebwa?

Kawumpuli ajjanjabibwa n’eddagala eritta obuwuka eriweebwa mu kamwa oba eriweebwa mu misuwa. Omusawo ayinza okukuwa eddagala erimu oba okusingawo ku ddagala lino eritta obuwuka:

• `Eddagala lya Ciprofloxacin`
• `Eddagala lya levofloxacin`
• `Eddagala lya Moxifloxacin`
• `Doxycycline ( Doxycycline ( Doxycycline (Doxycycline) )`
• `Eddagala lya Gentamicin`
• `Eddagala lya Streptomycin`
• `Ekikolo kya Chloramphenicol`
• `Eddagala lya Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole`

Oyinza otya okwekuuma kawumpuli?

Osobola okukendeeza ku bulabe bw’okukwatibwa kawumpuli ng’okwewala okulumwa ensekere n’okwegendereza ng’okolagana n’ebisolo ebiyinza okukwatibwa obulwadde buno.

Bino bye bimu ku bintu by’osobola okukola:

• Okwoza ebifo ebisolo by’omu nsiko we bisobola okukola amaka (e.g., entuumu z’enku, kasasiro, ebisaka).
• Toleka mmere ya bisolo by’omu nnyumba ebweru, era toliisa bisolo by’omu nsiko. Ebisolo nga envunza bijja kujja nga bimaze okulaba bino.
• Bw’oba ​​oli bweru naddala mu bifo ebirimu ebibira, kozesa eddagala erifuuyira ebiwuka eririmu DEET.
• Buuza omusawo w’ebisolo by’ekisolo kyo ku ngeri gy’oyinza okwekuumamu enkwale. Ebisolo by’omu nnyumba omuli embwa n’embwa nabyo bisobola okutambuza kawumpuli.
• Bw’oba ​​okwata ebisolo (ebiramu oba ebifu) by’olowooza nti biyinza okuba nga bifunye akawuka, kakasa nti oyambala ggalavu.
• Bw’oba ​​obeera mu kitundu ekirimu kawumpuli, toleka bisolo byo eby’omu nnyumba kutambulatambula wabweru mu ddembe.
• Bw’oba ​​olowooza nti oyinza okuba nga wakwatibwa kawumpuli, buuza omusawo wo oba weetaaga okumira eddagala eritta obuwuka obutalwala.

Waliwo eddagala erigema kawumpuli?

Eddagala erigema terikozesebwa nnyo kukuuma kawumpuli. Mu kiseera kino bannassaayansi bakola ku ky’okukola eddagala erigema kawumpuli erisingako okukola obulungi.

Kiki ekibaawo singa wabaawo kawumpuli?

Bw’oba ​​olina kawumpuli, olina okufuna obujjanjabi amangu ago. Wadde ng’eddagala eritta obuwuka likola bulungi, olina omukisa ogusinga okuwona singa otandika okumira eddagala lino mu ssaawa 24 ng’obubonero butandise . Oyinza n’okuweebwa omukka gwa oxygen oba obujjanjabi obulala okusobola okufuga obubonero bwo.

Kawumpuli awangaala bbanga ki?

Bw’ofuna obujjanjabi, olina okutandika okuwulira obulungi mu wiiki nga emu oba bbiri. Buboes (okuzimba ennywanto) ezireetebwa kawumpuli wa bubonic plague zisobola okutwala wiiki eziwera okuwona.

Ebizibu ebiva ku kawumpuli

Ebizibu bingi ebiva mu kawumpuli bibaawo mangu era biyinza okutta omuntu . Ebimu ku byo mulimu:

• Okufa kw’ebitundu by’omubiri n’okufiirwa ebitundu by’omubiri olw’obulwadde bwa gangrene.
• Okuzimba kw’obuwuka obubikka obwongo (meningitis).
• Okulemererwa kw’ebitundu by’omubiri eby’omunda.
• Okulemererwa okussa.

Oyinza otya okwewala Kawumpuli?

Obujjanjabi obw’amangu n’eddagala eritta obuwuka y’engeri esinga okuziyiza kawumpuli. Singa bafuna obujjanjabi obw’amangu, abalwadde nga 90% abalina ebika byonna ebya kawumpuli bawona.

Omuwendo gw’abafa kawumpuli guli gutya?

Singa kawumpuli tajjanjabibwa, atera okutta abantu. Nga bajjanjabwa, omuwendo gw’abafa olw’obulwadde bwa bubonic plague guli wakati wa 5% ne 15%. Ku kawumpuli w’ekifuba ne septicemic, omuwendo gw’abafa guli ku bitundu 50%. Kale, olaba engeri okujjanjaba amangu gye kukulu, nedda?

Ddi lw’osaanidde okulaba omusawo?

Bw'ofuna obubonero buno bwonna , funa amagezi mangu omusawo :

• Bw’oba ​​olowooza nti obadde ofunye kawumpuli.
• Bw’oba ​​obeera mu kitundu ekirimu kawumpuli, oba nga waakagenda mu kimu, nga kati olina obubonero bwa kawumpuli.

Bibuuzo ki bye nnina okubuuza omusawo wange?

• "Bwe ndowooza nti nfunye kawumpuli, nsaana okumira eddagala eritta obuwuka?"
• "Nnaasigala mu ddwaaliro nfune obujjanjabi, oba nsobola okufuna obujjanjabi nga ndi waka?"
• "Bubonero ki obupya oba obukyukakyuka bwe nsaanidde okutunuulira?"

Ssenyiga ennene ezireetebwa kawumpuli mu byafaayo

Waliwo endwadde ssatu ezimanyiddwa ennyo ezireetebwa Kawumpuli mu byafaayo:

1. Kawumpuli wa Justinian: Okutandika nga mu mwaka gwa 541 AD, waaliwo amayengo g’endwadde agawerako. Wadde nga kizibu okwogera ddala abantu bameka abaafa, kirowoozebwa nti ekirwadde kino kyatta abantu obukadde n’obukadde.

2. Okufa kw’Abaddugavu: Yatandika mu mwaka gwa 1348. Abantu nga obukadde 25 be baafa mu Bulaaya yokka.

3. Ekirwadde kya kawumpuli eky’okusatu: Kino kyasaasaana mu buli ssemazinga okuggyako Antarctica. Yatta abantu nga obukadde 12 mu Buyindi ne China yokka.

N’ekisembayo, kino kijjukire.

Edda, kawumpuli yatta abantu obukadde n’obukadde. Obulwadde buno bukyaliwo ne leero. Kyokka olw’obuyonjo obw’omulembe n’eddagala eritta obuwuka, kati omuwendo gw’abafudde olw’obuyonjo butono nnyo. Kyokka kikulu okufuna obujjanjabi amangu ddala nga bwe kisoboka .

Singa omuntu akugamba nti, "Nze nkyewala nga kawumpuli," osobola okumuyozaayoza olw'engeri gye bakwatamu ebisolo mu ngeri ey'obukuumi n'obukodyo bw'okulwanyisa enseenene! Kubanga okumanyisa abantu n’okukola eby’okwerinda bye bintu ebisinga obukulu.

`Kawumpuli, ssennyiga omukambwe, Yersinia pestis, bubonic plague, septicemic plague, kawumpuli w’ekifuba, enkwale, ssennyiga, obubonero, obujjanjabi