Ekika kya kookolo w’amabeere ekisingako katono: Ka twogere ku Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) .

Ffenna tuwulidde ekitono oba ekinene ku kookolo w’amabeere. Naye obadde okimanyi nti waliwo ebika bya kookolo w’amabeere eby’enjawulo? Ebika ebimu byangu katono okujjanjaba, naye ebika ebimu biba bya maanyi katono ate nga bya maanyi. Leero tugenda kwogera ku kika kya kookolo w’amabeere asingako katono, naye nga asobola okufugibwa singa ategeerekeka bulungi era n’ajjanjabibwa. Kino abasawo kye bayita "Triple-Negative Breast Cancer" oba `(Triple-Negative Breast Cancer - TNBC)`.

Kino Triple-Negative kye ki?

Mu ngeri ennyangu, waliwo ebintu bisatu ebikulu ebiyamba obutoffaali bwa kookolo w’amabeere okukula. Zino ze busimu obuyitibwa estrogen ne progesterone, ne puloteyina eyitibwa HER2. Lowooza ku bino nga "enzigi" ku butoffaali bwa kookolo. Abasawo bawa "ebisumuluzo" (i.e., eddagala nga hormone therapy) ebikwatagana ne "enzigi" zino ne bikomya kookolo okukula.

Wabula mu kookolo ow’emirundi esatu, obutoffaali bwa kookolo tebulina nzigi zino zonna essatu (estrogen, progesterone, HER2). Kino kitegeeza nti ‘negative’. Olw’okuba enzigi ezo tezibula, ebintu ng’obujjanjabi bw’obusimu obutera okuweebwa tebikola ku kookolo ow’ekika kino. Olw’ensonga eno, kookolo ow’ekika kino atwalibwa ng’asinga okubeera ow’amaanyi, ng’asaasaana mangu katono okusinga ebika ebirala.

Bubonero ki obulaga kookolo ono?

Obubonero bwa kookolo w’amabeere ow’emirundi esatu (triple-negative cancer) butera okufaananako n’obw’ebika bya kookolo w’amabeere ebirala. Bw’ofuna obubonero buno bwonna, tobubuusa maaso era olabe omusawo amangu ago.

Ani ali mu bulabe obw’amaanyi obw’okukwatibwa kookolo ono?

Abasawo tebannamanya kituufu ekivaako kookolo ow’ekika kino. Era tekitera kubaawo, kikwata abakyala 10%-20% bokka abafuna kookolo w’amabeere. Kyokka abantu abamu bali mu bulabe bwa maanyi.

• Abakyala abali wansi w'emyaka 40 .
• Abantu abalina enkyukakyuka mu buzaale bwa BRCA , naddala obuzaale bwa BRCA1. Eno nkyukakyuka ya buzaale eyisibwa mu milembe.
• Abakyala abagejjulukuka ennyo era abatakola dduyiro oluvannyuma lw’okuggwaamu amaanyi mu nsonga (okulekera awo okugenda mu nsonga) .

Omanya otya mu bukakafu oba olina kookolo?

Omusawo yekka y’asobola okukubuulira ddala ekika kya kookolo ky’olina. Kino kizingiramu okukeberebwa okuwerako.

1. Okukebera amabeere ne ultrasound scan: Bino bisobola okuzuula ebizimba oba ebitali bya bulijjo munda mu bbeere.

2. Okukebera omubiri (biopsy test) `(Biopsy)`: Kino kye kiEkigezo ekisinga obukulu era ekikulu . Ekikolebwa wano kwe kuggya akatundu akatono ennyo okuva mu kizimba ekiteeberezebwa nga bakozesa eddagala eribudamya ne bakiweereza ew’omusawo omukugu n’akebera ekitundu ekyo.

3. Okukebera ebitundu by’omubiri: Sampuli y’ebitundu by’omubiri ekeberebwa mu microscope okuzuula oba ya kookolo oba nedda. Bwe kiba nga kya kookolo, kikeberebwa "enzigi" ze twayogeddeko emabegako eziyitibwa estrogen, progesterone, ne `HER2`. Singa byonna ebisatu biba negativu, kizuulibwa nga kookolo ow’emirundi esatu.

Okuzuula omutendera gwa kookolo

Oluvannyuma lw'okuzuula kookolo, omusawo ajja kusalawo "omutendera" gwe. Kino kitegeeza nti kookolo bw’ali omunene n’obuwanvu bw’asaasaanidde. Kino kiyinza okuzingiramu okukeberebwa nga MRI, CT scan, ne PET scan.

Enkola ya `TNM` nkola ekkirizibwa mu nsi yonna.

• T (Ekizimba): Ekizimba kinene kitya? (Obubonero okuva ku 0-4)
• N (Nodes): Kookolo asaasaanidde mu nnywanto eziriraanyewo? (Obubonero bwa 0-3)
• M (Metastasis): Kookolo ono asaasaanidde mu bitundu eby’ewala ng’amawuggwe, ekibumba oba amagumba? (0 oba 1) .

Okusinziira ku mutendera guno omusawo w’ajja okusalawo obujjanjabi obusinga okukukwatako.

Obujjanjabi bwe buruwa?

Enzijanjaba ezigatta zitera okukozesebwa ku kookolo ow’emirundi esatu.

1. Obujjanjabi bw’eddagala

Eno y’obujjanjabi obukulu era obukulu eri kookolo ow’ekika kino. Kizingiramu okuwa omubiri eddagala ery’amaanyi eritta obutoffaali bwa kookolo. Singa kookolo ono azuulibwa nga bukyali, akola bulungi nnyo ku ddagala.

• Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy eweebwa nga tonnalongoosebwa okukendeeza ku kizimba n’okwanguyiza okulongoosa.
• Adjuvant Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy eweebwa oluvannyuma lw’okulongoosebwa okusaanyaawo obutoffaali bwa kookolo bwonna obusigadde.

2. Okulongoosa

Okulongoosa kuliko ebika bibiri.

• Lumpectomy: Okuggyawo ekizimba kya kookolo n’obutundu obutono obukyetoolodde.
• Okusala amabeere: Okuggyawo ebbeere lyonna. Olw’okuba kookolo ono akola nnyo, abasawo batera okukuwa amagezi okuggyamu ebbeere lyonna (mastectomy).

3. Obujjanjabi bw’amasannyalaze (Radiation Therapy).

Oluvannyuma lw’okulongoosebwa, obujjanjabi buno buweebwa okusaanyaawo obutoffaali bwa kookolo bwonna obuyinza okusigala mu kitundu ekyo n’okutangira kookolo okudda.

4. Obujjanjabi bw’abaserikale b’omubiri

Eno nkola mpya ey’okujjanjaba. Kye tukola wano kwe kusitula abaserikale b’omubiri gwaffe , okuguyamba okutegeera n’okulumba obutoffaali bwa kookolo. Buno bujjanjabi buwanguzi nnyo ku kookolo ow’emirundi esatu.

5. Obujjanjabi obugendereddwamu

Eno nayo nkola mpya ey’okujjanjaba. Kiringa "bbomu entegefu." Eddagala lino kye likola kwe kuzuula butereevu obutoffaali bwa kookolo, ne bubukwatako, ne butuusa butereevu chemo mu butoffaali bwa kookolo. Kino era kiyitibwa `Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC).' Kino kireeta okwonooneka okutono ennyo ku butoffaali obulamu.

Emikisa gy’okuwona n’okuddamu okulwala

Kino kibuuzo kinene eri abantu bangi. Kizibu okuwa eky’okuddamu kimu kubanga kyawukana okusinziira ku muntu. Emikisa gy’okuwona gisinziira ku ngeri kookolo gy’azuulibwamu amangu n’engeri omubiri gye gukwatamu obujjanjabi.

• Ku kookolo w’amabeere ow’omu kitundu, emikisa egy’enjawulo egy’okuwangaala emyaka 5 giri waggulu nga 91%.
• Singa kisaasaana mu bitundu ebiriraanyewo (regional), omuwendo ogwo guba nga 65%.
• Singa busaasaana mu bitundu by’omubiri eby’ewala, omuwendo ogwo gukka okutuuka ku bitundu 12%.

Kookolo ow’emirundi esatu alina obulabe bw’okuddamu okulwala mu myaka 3 egisooka oluvannyuma lw’okujjanjabibwa. Wabula akabi ako kakendeera mangu oluvannyuma lw’emyaka 5. N’olwekyo, kyetaagisa okugenda mu maaso n’okukeberebwa okugoberera ng’omusawo bw’akulagidde ng’omaze okujjanjabibwa.