Manya ku kukebera kwa NIPT (Noninvasive Prenatal Testing) eri abakyala ab’embuto.

Bw’oba ​​maama ali lubuto, kyabulijjo okuba n’ebibuuzo bingi ku kato akali mu lubuto lwo. Okusobola okufuna eby’okuddamu mu bimu ku bibuuzo bino, tukola ebigezo eby’enjawulo (prenatal testing) nga tuli lubuto. Kale ekimu ku bigezo bino eby’enjawulo kiyitibwa NIPT. Kino kiyinza okutuwa akabonero oba omwana wo ali mu bulabe bw’okufuna embeera ezimu ez’obuzaale, gamba nga Down syndrome . Wabula kino si kigezo kya njawulo 100%. N’olwekyo abasawo abamu basinga kwagala kugiyita NIPS (okukebera) okusinga okugiyita NIPT (okukebera). Kubanga kino kyokka kiraga akabi akaliwo.

Okola otya okukebera NIPT? Kyangu nnyo!

Ffenna tuwulidde ku DNA. Kiringa ekitabo ekiri mu buli katoffaali mu mubiri gwaffe, nga kikutte amawulire gonna ag’obuzaale bwaffe. Obadde okimanyi nti obutundutundu obutonotono obwa DNA eno nabwo bulengejja mu musaayi gwaffe. Kino tukiyita DNA etaliimu butoffaali, oba `cfDNA`?

Kale bw’oba ​​olubuto, omusaayi gwo gubaamu `cfDNA` yo, wamu n’obutundutundu bwa DNA y’omwana wo (cell-free fetal DNA - cffDNA) . Ekyo si kyewuunyisa? Okukebera kwa NIPT kuzingiramu okukuggyako omusaayi omungu n’ogukebera ebitundutundu bya DNA y’omwana wo, ne kikuwa obubonero obukwata ku mbeera ezimu ez’obuzaale. Okuva bwe kiri nti kigezo ekitali kya kuyingirira, tewali bulabe bwonna eri ggwe oba omwana wo.

Kiki kye tuyinza okuyigira ku kukebera kwa NIPT?

Okukebera kwa NIPT okusinga kunoonya ebitali bya bulijjo mu chromosomes. Mu ngeri ennyangu, chromosomes zitera okujja nga zibiri bbiri mu butoffaali bwaffe. Naye oluusi, mu kifo kya kkopi bbiri eza chromosome, wayinza okubaawo ssatu. Kino tukiyita trisomy .

Wano waliwo embeera enkulu eza trisomy okukebera NIPT ze zinoonya n’obutuufu bwazo:

Singa ebyava mu NIPT biba birungi, ekitegeeza nti biraga akabi, twetaaga okugenda okukeberebwa okuzuula obulwadde okukikakasa. Waliwo ebigezo bibiri ebikolebwa ku ekyo:

1. Amniocentesis: Enkola erimu okuggya sampuli y’amazzi g’omu lubuto okuva munda mu nnabaana n’okugakebera.

2. Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS): Enkola erimu okuggya obutoffaali obutonotono mu nnabaana w’omwana n’okubukebera.

Olw’okuba ebigezo bino byombi biyingirira ( invasive ), waliwo akabi akatono. N’olwekyo, bamaama abamu bayinza obutayagala kuzikola.

Okugatta ku ekyo, NIPT era esobola okuzuula ekikula ky’omwana . Bw’oba ​​toyagala kumanya, tewerabira okubuulira omusawo nga tonnaba kukeberebwa.

Ani ayagala okukola okukebera kwa NIPT?

Okukebera kuno asobola okukolebwa maama yenna amaze wiiki 10 ng’ali lubuto. Kyokka si kigezo kya kiragiro. Wabula bamaama abali mu bulabe obw’amaanyi olw’embeera z’obuzaale ezimu basinga kwagala kino.

Ani ali mu bulabe obw’amaanyi?

• Ba maama abasukka mu myaka 35.
• Ba maama abamaze okuzaala omwana alina obulwadde bwa trisomy.
• Bamaama abaalaze nti bali mu bulabe olw’okukeberebwa okulala (e.g. okukeberebwa mu kiseera ky’okusatu ekisooka).

Embeera ebivudde mu NIPT mwe biyinza obutaba byesigika nnyo

Okukebera NIPT kwesigamye ku bungi bwa DNA y’omwana mu musaayi gwa maama. Omuwendo guno gutera kuba mutono ku buli kikumi, nga guli ku bitundu 10%-20%. N’olwekyo, embeera ezimu mu mubiri gwa maama ziyinza okukosa ebivaamu bino.

• Singa omuwendo gw’omubiri gwo (BMI) guba 30 oba okusingawo.
• Singa omwana yafuna olubuto n’eggi ly’omugabi.
• Bw’oba ​​okozesa eddagala erimu erikendeeza omusaayi.
• Bw’oba ​​ositula abalongo oba abaana okusingawo mu lubuto.

Mu mbeera eno, kirungi okwogera n’omusawo wo n’osalawo oba okukeberebwa kwa NIPT kukusaanira.

Kiki ky’okola oluvannyuma lw’okufuna ebyava mu bigezo bya NIPT?

Kya bulijjo okuwulira ennaku n’okukankana ng’okizudde nti olina akabi (positive result) okuva mu kukeberebwa kwa NIPT. Naye tosattira. Okusooka, jjukira nti kino si kye kisembayo okusalawo. Mu kiseera kino, kikulu nnyo okwogera n’omubuulirizi w’obuzaale oba omusawo wo okutegeera ebivaamu.

Bwoba oyagala, osobola okugenda okukeberebwa okuzuula obulwadde nga `amniocentesis` oba `CVS` eyayogeddwako emabegako okukakasa embeera 100%. Oba olina eddembe obutakola bigezo ebyo. Yogerako mu lwatu n’omusawo wo ku bintu bino byonna.