Ffenna tumanyi enneewulira y’okusuubira, okwagala okumanya, era n’okutya okutono okujja n’okufuna lipoota yo ey’okukebera amabeere. Bw’ofuna lipoota yo, oyinza n’okwongera okutya ng’olaba ebiragiro by’obujjanjabi ebigiriko naddala ennamba `BI-RADS`. Naye teweeraliikiriranga. Si ggwe wekka. Mu kiwandiiko kino, tujja kwogera ku, mu ngeri ennyangu ennyo, `BI-RADS` kye ki ne ky'eyogera ku bulamu bwo.
BI-RADS kye ki?
Mu ngeri ennyangu, `BI-RADS` kifupi kya ``Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System.`` Mu butuufu eno nkola ya mutindo ekozesebwa abasawo mu nsi yonna. Kikozesebwa okugabanya ebyava mu kukeberebwa kwo okw’okukebera amabeere. Kwe kugamba, obubonero buno obwa ``BI-RADS`` buyamba omusawo okuba n'endowooza entegeerekeka oba X-ray y'amabeere go eraga obubonero bwonna obwa kookolo oba nedda.
Mu nkola eno, lipoota yo ejja kufuna omuwendo okuva ku 0 okutuuka ku 6. Buli emu ku muwendo ogwo ky’eyogera kye tugenda okutunuulira kati.
| Obukodyo bwa BI-RADS | Amakulu amangu |
|---|---|
| Omuwendo 0 | Ebyavuddemu tebirina makulu. Kino kitegeeza nti enkomerero entegeerekeka tesobola kuggyibwa mu mammogram. Omusawo ayinza okukuwa amagezi okugigeraageranya ku mammogram eyasooka oba okukola okukebera okulala, gamba nga ultrasound scan. |
| Omuwendo 1 | Ekivaamu ekitali kirungi. Gano ge mawulire agasinga! Tewali bizimba biteeberezebwa oba enkyukakyuka mu mabeere go. Oweebwa amagezi okugenda mu maaso n’okukeberebwa amabeere buli luvannyuma lwa kiseera. |
| Omuwendo 2 | Embeera etali nnungi. Ozuuliddwa nti olina ekizimba ekitali kya kookolo, ekitali kya bulabe (nga fibroadenoma) oba ekizimba kya calcium (calcifications) mu bbeere lyo. Tewali nsonga lwaki tweraliikirira ku nsonga eno.Weeyongere okukebera amabeere ku nteekateeka yo eya bulijjo. |
| Omuwendo 3 | Emikisa gya kookolo mitono nnyo. Wano ekizimba kizuuliddwa, naye emikisa 98% nti si kookolo. Kyokka omusawo ayagala okwegendereza katono ku nsonga eno. Kale, ajja kukugamba okole mammogram endala ng’obudde bwa bulijjo tebunnatuuka, oluvannyuma lw’emyezi nga 6, olabe oba ekizimba kikyuse. |
| Omuwendo 4 | Embeera eteeberezebwa. Enkyukakyuka ezuuliddwa wano erina omukisa okubeera kookolo. Tofaayo, ‘waliwo omukisa’ tekitegeeza ‘kookolo’. Wabula omusawo ajja kukuwa amagezi okukebera omubiri okukakasa kino. |
| Omuwendo 5 | Emikisa gya kookolo giri waggulu nnyo. Singa omuwendo guno gufunibwa, waliwo emikisa egisukka mu 95% nti guba mubi okusinziira ku ndabika y’ekipimo ky’amabeere. Okukebera omubiri (biopsy) mazima ddala kukolebwa okukakasa kino. |
| Omuwendo 6 | Akakasiddwa nti kookolo. Omuwendo guno guweebwa omuntu eyasooka okukeberebwa omubiri (biopsy) era nga kikakasibwa nti alina kookolo. Kino kikozesebwa mu kiseera ky’okukebera amabeere okukebera embeera nga tonnatandika bujjanjabi oba nga bajjanjabwa. |
Ekikulu kiri nti obubonero bwa BI-RADS ne bwe buba 4 oba 5, kitegeeza nti waliwo ‘okuteebereza’ kwokka. Okuzuula obulwadde mu ngeri enkakafu kukolebwa oluvannyuma lw’okukeberebwa omubiri gwokka.
Ka tuyige n’okukebera amabeere n’okukebera omubiri (biopsy tests).
Okukebera amabeere
Kino mu butuufu kigezo kya X-ray ekikoleddwa mu ngeri ey’enjawulo ku mabeere. Oyimirira mu maaso g’ekyuma ekikola X-ray n’oteeka erimu ku mabeere go ku kifo ekipapajjo. Oluvannyuma, omukugu omutendeke anyiga mpola ebbeere lyo okuva waggulu n’ekintu ekirala. Kino kikolebwa olwo ebitundu by’amabeere ne bigonvuwa era enkyukakyuka yonna mu mabeere ne zirabika bulungi ku X-ray.
Oyinza okuwulira okunyigirizibwa, obutabeera bulungi, era n’okuwulira obulumi obutonotono mu kiseera kino. Kino kya bulijjo. Oludda olumu bwe lumala okuggwa, ebbeere eddala likeberebwa mu ngeri y’emu. Ebbeere lyo liyinza okulumwa katono oba nga liweweevu oluvannyuma lw’okukeberebwa.
Omusawo akola ku by’okukuba ebifaananyi akebera ebifaananyi bino ebya X-ray era n’asalawo obubonero bwa `BI-RADS`. Ye aweereza lipoota eno eri omusawo wo.
Okukebera omubiri (biopsy test).
Singa obubonero bwo obwa BI-RADS buba buteeberezebwa, nga 4 oba 5, ekiddako ekisinga obukulu okukola kwe kukebera ebitundu by’omubiri (biopsy). Kino kizingiramu okuggya ekitundu ekitono ennyo eky’ebitundu by’omubiri okuva mu kifo ekiteeberezebwa n’okukikebera mu laboratory. Eno y’engeri yokka ey’okumanya n’obukakafu 100% oba obutoffaali bwa kookolo buliwo oba nedda.
Ng’oggyeeko okukebera amabeere mu ngeri eteeberezebwa, waliwo embeera endala eziwerako omusawo gy’ayinza okukuwa amagezi okukebera amabeere:
- Watya singa omusawo akusanga ekizimba mu ngalo ng’akebera ebbeere lyo?
- Singa ekintu ekiteeberezebwa kirabibwa mu kiseera kya ultrasound scan.
- Singa ekitundu ekiteeberezebwa kizuulibwa mu kiseera ky’okukebera MRI.
- Bw’oba olina enkyukakyuka yonna etali ya bulijjo mu nfuli yo (e.g., okufuuka ekikuta, okuyingira, oba okufuluma).
Singa kookolo akakasiddwa, obujjanjabi buba butya?
Bw’ozuulibwa nti olina kookolo w’amabeere, okutandika obujjanjabi amangu ddala y’engeri esinga okufunamu ebirungi. Omusawo wo n’omusawo wa kookolo be bajja okukusalawo obujjanjabi obusinga obulungi. Waliwo obujjanjabi obukulu obuwerako.
Okuloongoosa
Obujjanjabi obusinga butera kuba bwa kulongoosa okuggyamu obutoffaali bwa kookolo. Oluusi, bayinza okuweebwa eddagala oba okukuba amasannyalaze nga tebannalongoosebwa okukendeeza ku kizimba. Okulongoosa kuliko ebika bibiri:
- Lumpectomy: Kino kizingiramu okuggyawo ekizimba kya kookolo kyokka n’ebitundu ebiramu ebitono ebikyetoolodde. Kino kikozesebwa ku kookolo omutono, atandise.
- Okusala amabeere: Kino kizingiramu okuggyamu ebbeere lyonna. Bw’oba oli mu bulabe bwa maanyi obw’okukwatibwa kookolo mu biseera eby’omu maaso, omusawo ayinza okukuwa amagezi okuggyamu amabeere gombi (okusala amabeere emirundi ebiri).
Obujjanjabi bw’amasannyalaze (Radiation Therapy).
Kino kizingiramu okukozesa emisinde gy’amaanyi egy’amaanyi okusaanyaawo obutoffaali bwa kookolo oba obutoffaali obusigaddewo oluvannyuma lw’okulongoosebwa. Singa kookolo asaasaanidde mu bitundu by’omubiri ebirala (metastatic breast cancer), obujjanjabi buno era busobola okuyamba okukendeeza ku bubonero.
Obujjanjabi bw’eddagala
Kino kizingiramu okuwa omubiri eddagala ery’enjawulo eritta obutoffaali bwa kookolo oba okubulemesa okukula. Bino oyinza okubiweebwa ng’empiso ng’oyita mu musuwa (mu misuwa) oba ng’empeke/amazzi g’omira.
Obubaka Obutwala Awaka
- BI-RADS nkola ya mutindo ya lipoota ewa omusawo wo endowooza entegeerekeka ku biva mu kukeberebwa kwo okw’amabeere.
- Obukodyo bwa BI-RADS obwa 1 oba 2 kitegeeza nti tewali kye yeeraliikirira. Embeera ya bulijjo oba etali ya bulabe.
- Tofaayo singa ofuna obubonero bwa BI-RADS obwa 0, 3, 4, oba 5. Kitegeeza kyokka nti weetaaga okwongera okukeberebwa oba okufaayo. Si kuzuula ‘kookolo’ mu ngeri enkakafu.
- Biopsy yokka esobola okuzuula ddala oba kookolo oba nedda.
- Bw’oba olina ekibuuzo kyonna oba ky’obuusabuusa ku lipoota gye wafuna, yogerako n’omusawo wo mu lwatu. Ajja kukunnyonnyola buli kimu.
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