He khawvelah hian thilsiam tenau dang engzat nge kan bula awm tih hi i ngaihtuah ngai em? Hêng thil nung tê tê, a châng chuan min ti na , mahse a châng chuan min ṭanpuitu te hi “ hrik ” kan tihte hi an ni. Chuvangin vawiinah hian heng hrik te, tute nge an nih te, engtin nge min nghawng dan te, an laka kan inven dan tur te hi han sawi ila. Hêng thilte hi i ṭhianpa biak ang maiin awlsam takin i hrethiam ang u.
Heng natna hrik te hi eng nge ni? Anmahni hi i hrethiam mai ang u!
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, hrik hi thil nung pawl, kan mitin hmuh theih loh khawpa te tak te an ni. Doctor te chuan ``Microorganisms'' emaw ``Microbes'' emaw an ti thin. An te em em a, a chang chuan kan hmu thei lo, sang tam tak awm khawm pawh nise.
Ngaihtuah teh, heng natna hrik te hi hmun tinah an awm vek! I thaw chhuah boruak, i tui in, leia, i ei leh in leh i khawih zawng zawngah te an awm thei. Kan taksa chhungah leh kan vunah an cheng a ni. Chu chu thil mak a ni lo maw?
Mahse, hrik zawng zawng hi a chhe vek lo. Hriselna \henkhat chu kan taksa tan a \angkai hle. Entîr nân, kan intestines- a bacteria chi ṭhenkhat chuan chaw ei tûrin min ṭanpui a. Tin, natna hrik tha thenkhat chuan natna hrik tha lo taksaah a luh loh nan a pui bawk.
Amaherawhchu, natna leh hri kai min thlen thei hrik thenkhat a awm a. Heng natna hrik tha lo tak takte hi kan taksaa an luh veleh chauh kan damlo thin. Chuvangin, chutiang hrik darh tur venna tha ber chu kut sil fo leh uluk taka sil hi a ni.
Hriselna chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?
Hriselna chi hrang hrang pali a awm a. Type tin hi tlem tal chipchiar zawkin han sawi ila.
| Hri chi hrang hrang | Hrilhfiahna | Entirna / Enkawlna |
|---|---|---|
| Bacteria te hi a ni | Cell pakhat atanga siam thil nung. Ṭhenkhat chu a hlawkpui a, ṭhenkhat chuan rulhut (poison) a siam bawk. | Throat infection, zun kawng natna. Enkawl dan: Antibiotics damdawi. |
| Virus te hi a ni | Cell nung dam khawchhuahna tur leh piantharna atana mamawh cellular ni lo particle. | Khawsik, flu, natna hrik. Enkawlna: Antivirals a ni. |
| Fungi te pawh a awm | Multicellular, thlai ang chi thil nung, boruak lum leh vawt takah an thang lian thin. | Yeast infection, Athlete ke a ni. Enkawl dan: Antifungals a ni. |
| Protozoa te hi an ni | Cell pakhat nei, rannung ang chi thil nung. Tui bawlhhlawh hmanga darh fo thin. | Malaria, toxoplasmosis natna a ni. Enkawlna: Antiparasitics hmanga enkawl dan. |
He hrik hi engtikah nge an hmuhchhuah?
Hriselna chanchin hi kum za tam tak kalta atanga lo awm tawh a ni. Kum 1676 vel khan Dutch scientist Antonie van Leeuwenhoek chu microscope hmasa ber hmanga bacteria hmuchhuak hmasa ber a ni. Chumi hnuah chuan microbiology a lo thang chho zel a, thil tam tak hmuhchhuah a ni ta a ni.
Kum 1857 khan French chemist Louis Pasteur chuan ei tur chu microorganisms-in a tihbawlhhlawh avangin a chhe thin tih a finfiah a. Chu chuan a “Germ Theory of Disease .” Hei hi infection leh natna hi natna hrik ``pathogens'' an tih atanga lo chhuak a ni tih theory a ni.He thil hmuhchhuah hma hian scientist-te chuan “spontaneous generation” tih hi an ring tawh a ni. Hei hi thil nung hi thil nung lo atanga lo chhuak thei a ni tih theory a ni. Chutih laia mite ngaihtuahna chu han ngaihtuah teh!
Hriselna hi eng ang nge an nih tak tak?
Hrik tam zawk hi an te em em avang hian kan mit ngeiin kan hmu thei lo. Microscope hmanga i en chuan ball te te, rod te, a nih loh leh spiral te ang mai an ni. Chutiang chuan a te lutuk a, pencil eraser chung lamah chuan natna hrik 1,000 vel i line up thei a ni!
Engtin nge heng natna hrik te hi hmun khat atanga hmun dangah an kal?
He natna hrik hi a darh theih dan kawng hrang hrang a awm a. Eng nge an nih hi han thlir ila:
- Hriselna nei mi khawih emaw, hnaih emaw hmangin. Hei hian inkuah te, infawh te, a nih loh leh an hman tawh thil, dish leh cup ang chi hman te pawh a huam thei a ni.
- Hriselna nei mi pakhatin a thawk emaw, a khuh emaw hnua boruak a thawh hian.
- Hriselna nei mi ek khawih hian a darh thei a ni. Naute diaper thlak a, kut sil tha lova i hnar, hmui, mit khawih avanga lo awm thei a ni bawk.
- Lei leh thil, a chunga hrik awmte khawih a, chutah i hnar, i hmui emaw, i mit emaw khawih a ni. Bus-a ṭhutna pakhat khawih a, chutah kut khata ei ta ila han ngaihtuah teh?
He natna hrik hi hengte hian a darh thei bawk:
- Nu atanga naute thlengin, naupai lai emaw, nau neih lai emaw pawh nise.
- Rannung seh atang hian, rulhut chil a\angin.
- Lei bawlhhlawh, thing leh mau, ei tur emaw, tui emaw a\angin.
Eng thilin nge natna hrik a that thei?
Thil tam takin hrik a that thei a, thil thenkhat erawh chuan a that thei lo.
- Hydrogen Peroxide : A ni. Non-porous surface-ah hian natna hrik chi hrang hrang, bacteria leh virus te pawh a that thei a ni.
- Zu Rubbing : Ni e. Hand sanitizer, 70% tal `(Isopropyl Alcohol)` awmna te pawhin hrik a that thei.
- Vinegar: Ni lo, Vinegar hian bacteria leh virus tam tak a that lo va, flu virus leh coronavirus te pawh a that lo .
- Heat: Ni e. Temperature 60 degree Celsius (140 degree Fahrenheit) aia sang chuan virus tam tak a that thei a ni.
Thil hriat reng tur te chu a tawi zawngin
Okay, chuvangin, vawiin a kan sawi tawh atang hian i hriat reng tur pawimawh ber berte chu hetiang hi a ni:
- Germs hi thil nung te tak te, i hmuh theih loh tur a ni. Khawi hmunah pawh an awm vek.
- Hriselna chi li a awm a, chungte chu bacteria, virus, fungi , leh protozoa te an ni.
- Hriselna \henkhatin min \anpui a, \henkhat erawh chuan natna a thlen \hin.
- He natna hrik darh zel tur venna kawng tha ber leh awlsam ber chu sahbawn leh tui hmanga uluk taka kut sil hi a ni.
- I damloh hunah in lamah awm la, midangte venghim rawh.
- Kut sil theih loh chuan zu hmanga siam hand sanitizer hmang ang che.
Chuvangin, hrisel taka awm tur leh heng hmêlma tenau tak takte laka fihlim turin heng thil awlsam tak takte hi i nunah telh la. Tichuan natna tam tak lakah i inveng thei ang. Hrethiam e?
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