Chanchinbu i chhiar emaw, window pane i en emaw hian a chhunga line dinglam chu tlem a inzar pharh a, a hrual deuhin a lang em? Hmun thenkhat chu a dum emaw, hmun ruak ang emaw a ni em? Hetiang thil i hriat chuan ngaihthah mai mai suh. I mit hmun pawimawh tak takah harsatna a nih theih avangin. Vawiin hian test awlsam tak mai, in lama hetiang harsatna awlsam taka i hriat theihna tur kan sawi dawn a ni.
He Amsler Grid hi eng nge ni?
A awlsam zawngin Amsler grid hi visual screening tool a ni a, awlsam takin i vision-a distortion awm leh awm loh a check thei a ni. Square ruler ang maia lang chart a ni. Square leh line tam tak a nei a, a lai takah chuan dot te tak te a awm bawk.
Tunah chuan he thil hi eng nge thleng dawn tih i lo en ang u. Kan mit hi camera ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh. Tichuan mit chhunga retina chu chu camera film a ni. Kan hmuh thlalak hi he retina-ah hian record a ni. He retina-a thlalak chiang ber leh fiah ber lakna kawnga puitu ber leh sensitive ber chu macula an ti a. Lehkhabu kan chhiar emaw, mi hmel kan en emaw, car kan khalh emaw hian he macula hian heng hna nalh tak tak zawng zawngah hian a pui thin.
Chuvangin, natna engemaw avanga macula a chhiat chuan kan thil hmuhte chu a danglamin a lang tan thin (`metamorphopsia`). Line dinglam chu a fiah lo niin a lang a, hmun thenkhat chu a fiah lo a, hmun dum a lang bawk. Hei hi Amsler grid hian chutiang inthlak danglamna fiah lo tak tak pawh man theihna tura min puitu chu a ni. Chu mai ni lovin, i mit doctor i hmuh distortion chu khawiah nge a awm tih lantir nan a pui bawk. Tichuan macula-a harsatna awm chu a hrethiam thei ang.
Eng dinhmunah nge he test hi a pawimawh?
Amsler grid hi macula chunglam nghawng thei damdawi lam thil eng pawh hriatchhuahna atan leh a chhunga inthlak danglamna enfiahna atan a tangkai hle. Doctor-te chuan a hnuaia natna nei te chu nitin he test hi tih tir turin an fuih a, a bik takin a danglamna hmuhchhuah a nih chuan mit hmuhna hloh reng tur ven theih a nih avangin.
- Macular degeneration (dry leh wet chi hrang hrang) .
- Retina hnuaia tui awmkhawm (Central serous retinopathy) .
- Neovascularization ( mit chhunga thisen kalna kawng thar lo awm ) .
- Mit hmuhna hmun dum emaw, gap (scotomas) .
- Macula (macular pucker / epiretinal membrane)-ah hian membrane te tak te a lo awm a.
- Cystoid macular edema a awm thin
- Zunthlum -a kaihhnawih macular edema
- Pituitary gland tumors - Hei hian mit pahnihah mit hmuhna lamah harsatna a thlen thei (bilateral hemianopia).
- Mit accident avanga macular chhiatna
- Retina natna dang, mitdel nghal thei
Hei bakah hian Amsler grid hmang hian mitdel surgery hmaa macula-a harsatna awm leh awm loh enfiahna atan pawh a tir lamah hman a ni bawk.
In lama Amsler Grid hi engtin nge kan hman ang?
Hei hi a awlsam hle mai. I doctor-in hetiang chart hi in lama hman tur a pek che chuan a sawi ang chiah (a tlangpuiin nitin) ti mai rawh. A hnuaia step te hi zawm rawh.
| Step hrang hrang | Eng nge tih tur |
|---|---|
| 1. Inbuatsaihna | Glasses emaw contact lens emaw i vuah chuan , bun rawh. Eng tha takah thu la, he chart hi lehkhabu i chhiar dan pangngaia hla (inches 12-15 vel)-ah vawn tlat rawh. |
| 2. Mit pakhat enfiah | Kut pakhatin mit pakhat chu zawi zawiin khar rawh. Mit dang hmangin chart lai takah chuan black dot chauh en rawh. I lu tiche lovin, chu dot chu i mit kha dah reng ang che. |
| 3. Mahni inzawh tur zawhna | A laiah dot i en lai hian heng zawhnate hi inzawt rawh:
|
| 4. Mit dang enfiah | Tunah chuan a hmaa mit khar tawh kha hawng la, mit dang kha khar la, chu mit tan chuan a chunga step ang chiah kha ti leh rawh. |
A pawimawh ber: He test i tih lai hian a chunga zawhnate hi "ni lo" tiin i chhang a nih chuan, chu chu a danglamna emaw, thil danglam emaw i hmuh tihna a nih chuan, tihkhawtlai lohvin i mit lam doctor pan nghal rawh. Hei hi awlsam takin la suh.
Amsler Grid chi dang a awm em?
Awle. Swiss mit lam doctor, Amsler grid siamtu Marc Amsler chuan a chi hrang hrang 7 a rawn siam chhuak a. A chi khatna (Chart 1) chungchang kan sawi tlangpui. Mahse a chi dangte pawh hi special case-ah chuan a tangkai hle.
- Chart 1: Hei hi a chipui ber leh hman tlanglawn ber a ni. Background dum chungah stripe dum a nei a.
- Chart 2: Hei hi a hmasa nen a inang a, mahse chu bakah chuan a sir pali atanga center dot thlengin diagonal line pali siam a ni. Hei hian an mit hmuhna lai takah hmun dum nei te chu chu hmun chu pumpelh a, center dot-ah an rilru an pe thei a ni.
- Chart 3: Hei hian background dum ah line sen a nei a. Hei hian colour vision-a danglamna fiah lo tak takte hriatchhuahna kawngah a pui a ni.
- Chart 4: Hemi hian line ni lovin background dum chungah dot dum a theh darh a. Visual distortion leh black spot thliar hrang nan hman a ni.
- Chart 5: Hemi hian horizontal line chauh a nei. Line dum te chu background dum ah a awm a.
- Chart 6: Hei hi Chart 5 nen a inang a, mahse background dum chungah line dum a awm. A laia line awmte chu line dang aiin a inhnaih zawk. Hei hian distortion fiah lo ber pawh a capture thei a ni.
- Chart 7: He chart lai takah hian square te hi pawn lama square awm zat chanve vel a ni a, chuvangin central vision-a inthlak danglamna tenau ber pawh hriat theih a ni.
Macular degeneration vei chuan engtin nge hei hi a hmuh?
Macular degeneration ang chi condition i neih chuan Amsler grid i en hian inthlak danglamna hrang hrang i hmu thei.
Tiled floor i en lai kha han mitthla teh. A tlangpuiin tiles inkar line te hi a dinglam vek a ni. Mahse i macula-ah harsatna i neih chuan heng line-te hi a inzawm khawm angin a lang thei a, wave ang maiin. Line thenkhat chu a laiah a chhe niin a lang thei a, chu hmunah chuan hmun dum a awm angin a lang thei bawk.
Hmuh theiha inthlak danglamna lian ber berte chu:
- Mit hmuhna (wrinkled or blurred vision) a awm.
- Chart hmun thenkhat chu faded emaw dark emaw angin a lang.
- Chart-a hmun ṭhenkhat chu a blank vek a, black spot angin a lang.
Smartphone apps te hi engtin nge ni ang?
Tunlai hian smartphone leh tablet apps Amsler grid nei pawh i hmu thei tawh ang. Chung zinga pakhat i hman duh chuan i doctor nen sawiho la, thurawn la rawh. I tan a tha em tih a hrilh thei che a ni.
Mahse hei hi theihnghilh ngai suh: smartphone app hi damdawi lam enkawlna aiah a ni ngai lo. Ringhlelna leh ngaihtuahna i neih chuan mit doctor thiam tak hnenah enfiah ngei ngei tur a ni.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Amsler grid hi in lama i central vision test theihna tur kawng awlsam tak, rang tak leh hrehawm lo tak a ni.
- Hei hian macula nghawng thei natna inthlak danglamna hmasa ber a hmuchhuak thei a ni.
- I doctor-in nitin he test hi ti turin a fuih che a nih chuan ti rawh.
- Exam laiin thil thar i hmuh chuan line, wrinkles, dark spot emaw gap emaw i hmuh chuan mit doctor hnenah hriattir nghal rawh.
- Condition pakhat i hriat hmasak hian i mit hlu tak chu i humhim thei a, chhiatna dang i veng thei bawk.
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