I rilru hriselna engtin nge a awm? - Mental Status Exam chungchang i zir dawn teh ang!

‘Mental Status Exam’ tih hi i hre ngai em? I doctor chuan pakhat atan a refer che a ni mai thei. Hei hi fiahna pawimawh tak a ni. Eng nge a nih leh engtin nge a tih tih hi han thlir ila, a awlsam zawngin.

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, he Mental Status Exam hi eng nge ni?

Doctor-in natna a hmuh theih nan i taksa a enfiah ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh (`taksa enfiahna`), hei hi chutiang bawk chu a ni a, mahse hei hian i rilru hriselna leh hnathawh dan a en a ni Chu chu doctor-te chuan thil i zir thiam dan leh i chhehvel (`mental capacity`) i hriatthiam dan an teh tihna a ni. Hemiah hian doctor chuan a enfiah che a, zawhna a zawt che a ni. Hemi hmang hian i chungchang a hnuaia thilte hi an check thin:

• Hmel leh mizia tlangpui.
• Thiltih dan leh che vel.
• Thil hriat dan (Perceptions).
• Mood leh affect te.
• Thil hriatna (`Cognition`) te, ngaihvenna, hriatrengna, ngaihtuahna fim thiamna, leh thutlukna siam thiamna te.

Hei hi rilru lam doctor-te tih ``taksa enfiahna`` ang mai ni mah se, eng doctor pawhin he test hi an ti thei tak tak a ni. He ``Mental Status Exam`` hi rilru lam hriselna dinhmun hrang hrang (``Schizophrenia`` emaw lungkhamna nei lo ang chi) leh thluak lam natna (``Alzheimer's disease`` emaw ``Parkinson's disease`` ang chi) hriatchhuah leh enkawlna kawngah a pui hle.

He test hi engtik lai nge tih a nih?

A tlangpuiin, doctor hmu tura i kal hunah, emaw, enkawlna zawm tur i kal hunah emaw, doctor-te chuan he ``Mental Status Exam'' hi an ti mai thei a ni.A result hian eng test dang nge i mamawh tih leh eng ang enkawlna chi nge dik tih an hriatthiam theih nan a pui ang.

Mahse thil pakhat hriat reng tur chu he `Mental Status Exam` hi mi hrang hrangah a inang lo thei `subjective assessment` a ni . Chumi awmzia chu, mi pakhat tan pawh doctor hrang hrangin thutlukna hrang hrang an siam thei tihna a ni. Tin, doctor thiamna hian hei hi a nghawng bawk.

Doctor-te chuan he test hi an tih hian thil engemaw zat ngaihtuah an tum a, heng thilte hian i test performance a nghawng thei a ni:

• I nunphung.
• I pianpui tawng.
• I zirna level leh lehkha chhiar thiamna.
• Thil dang stressful tak tak, mut theih lohna, riltam, natna te.

Tin, doctor-te chuan he `Mental Status Exam` result-ah hian diagnosis an siam mai mai lo . Thil dang tam tak an ngaihtuah bawk. Entir nan:

• Tuna i damdawi lam dinhmun chipchiar tak.
• I rilru hriselna history hmasa kha.
• I medical history kal tawh kha.
• Ruihhlo hman dan chanchin.
• Khawtlang nunphung.
• Taksa enfiahna.
• Neurological exam a ni.
• Test result ang chi thisen test te.

He test hian eng nge a huam?

Doctor-te chuan ``Mental Status Exam''-ah hian enfiahna leh zawhna zawh hi an hmang vek a ni.Hetiang hmang hian i rilru theihna kawng hrang hrang an test thin. Chungte chu chi hrang hrangah then theih a ni.

Doctor-in a enfiah dan

I doctor-in a en hian a rang thei ang bera a teh theih thil engemaw zat a awm. Chung zingah chuan:

• A lan dan: Doctor chuan i faina te, i hmel lan dan chu i kum tarlan nen a inmil em tih te, leh hliam emaw, hliam emaw hmuh theih a awm leh awm loh te a chhinchhiah ang.
• Thiltih dan: I stress nasat zia te, i thawhpui dan te, eng harsatna pawh i neih leh neih loh te, etc. te an en a, damdawi ina i awm chhan leh hetiang dinhmunah hian beisei angin i awm em tih te pawh an en bawk.
• Motor activity / movements: Rilru, neurodevelopmental, leh neurological condition thenkhatah chuan chetna pangngai lo a awm thei. Entirnan, hyperactivity, khur, tics, rigidity, leh Parkinsonism te hi a ni.
• Thusawi: Test chhung zawng hian doctor chuan i thusawi tam zia leh i thusawi i dahkhawm dan a chhinchhiah ang. I aw speed, rhythm, volume leh tone te pawh an en bawk ang. Thusawi lama harsatna i neih leh neih loh pawh an zirchiang thei a, chu chu thumal slurring of words (dysarthria) te hi a ni.
• Affect: Doctor chuan i nonverbal cues te chu a enfiah ang. Hlim, lungngai, lungngai, lungngai, lungkham, a nih loh leh phur tih ang chi thumal an hmang thei a ni. I emotional expressions chu i stated mood nen a inmil em tih pawh an en bawk ang.
• Ngaihtuahna kalpui dan: Doctor chuan i ngaihtuahnate a inrual dan a en ang. Ngaihtuahna pangngai chu direct leh tum nei tak niin an sawi. I ngaihtuahna kalphung a mumal lo a nih chuan i ngaihtuahna chu dinhmun bik takah a tang tlat mai thei. Thlalak pumpui i hmu lo mai thei. A nih loh leh mi ṭhenkhatin ``ngaihtuahna thlawhna'' an tih chu i tawng ve mai thei bawk.

Zawhna zawh tur che

Doctor-te chuan i rilru theihna kawng ṭhenkhat fiahna turin direct question an zawt ṭhin. Heng zawhnate hmang hian hetiang hian an ennawn thei ang:

• Mood: Doctor chuan i rilru put hmang a zawt a, i chhanna chu a chhinchhiah bawk.
• I ngaihtuah: I ngaihtuah (entir nan, thil chiang tak chungchanga i ngaihdanDoctor chuan i thusawi ngaithlain direct question a zawt ang che. A bîk takin, mahni intihhlum tumna te, mi dangte tualthah ngaihtuahna te, leh inbumna te an enfiah ang.
• I chhehvel khawvel i hmuh dan: Doctor chuan i chhehvela thil i hriat (hriat, hriat, hmuh, rim, khawih) te chu a zawt ang. Hei hi hallucination i neih leh neih loh en turin an zawt ber a ni.
• Insight: Hei hian i inhriatthiamna leh i chhehvel khawvela i hnathawh dan a kawk a ni . Doctor chuan hei hi i thusawi ngaithla a, zawhna zawtin a ennawn thin. I hriatna chu a ṭha, a dik, a tlêm, a rethei tiin an sawi ang. A hma aiin a chhe zual zel nge a tha zawk tih pawh an sawi bawk ang.
• Rorelna: Hei hian thu tlûkna ṭha i siam theihna a kâwk a ni. Doctor-te chuan thil engemaw takah i awm dan zawtin hei hi an teh thin. I history-ah pawh a innghat bawk — entirnan, i damdawi i ei hun taka i ei leh ei loh.

I hriatna (cognition) tehna

Mental Status Exam-a thil pawimawh tak chu hriatna lama theihna (`cognition`) tehna hi a ni. He `cognition` category hi section engemaw zatah then a ni leh a:

• Alertness: Hei hi i hriatna level i neih chu a ni. Entirnan, i harh a, i chhang let thei a, semi-consciousness (`stupor`)-ah emaw, `coma`-ah emaw i awm thei bawk.
• Orientation: Hei hian i dinhmun leh i chhehvel i hriatna a kawk a, doctor chuan i hming, i awmna hmun (khawpui, state telin), leh ni i hriat leh hriat loh a zawt thei che a ni.
• Ngaihtuahna leh ngaihtuahna seng: Doctor-te chuan an zawhnate i ngaihven ṭhatzia an en ang. I concentration direct-a test theihna tur hna thawk turin an ti thei bawk. Entîr nân, random letter list aṭanga letter bik i hriat apiangin i kut beng tûrin an ti thei che a ni.
• Hriatrengna: Doctor chuan hriatrengna chi hrang hrang a test thei. Chung zingah chuan immediate memory, recent memory, leh long-term memory te pawh a tel. Entîr nân, an thusawi chu sawi nawn leh tûrin an ti mai thei che a. Eng high school nge i kal tih leh khawiah nge i pian tih ang chi thilte pawh an zawt thei bawk.
• Abstract reasoning: Hei hian awmzia leh ngaihdan i hriatthiam theihna a teh a ni. Entîr nân, doctor chuan thil pahnih in inang, a nih loh leh thu inang pakhat sawifiah tûrin a ti thei che a ni.

He test result hian eng nge a sawi?

Exam zawhah doctor chuan an thil hmuh leh an zawhna i chhan dan chungchanga i notes te chu a enfiah ang. Tichuan, heng thil hmuhchhuah leh chhanna zawng zawng hi an la khawm a, harsatna bik a lantir em tih an zirchiang thei a ni.

Ngaihtuah teh, rilru lam emaw, nungchang lama hna pahnih pawh tihfel harsa i neih chuan `Mild Cognitive Impairment` emaw `(Dementia)` emaw ang chi diagnosis a ni thei.

Hallucination i nei tih i sawi chuan rilru lam natna, manic episode of bipolar disorder, schizophrenia ang chi, emaw, Parkinson’s disease ang chi neurological condition emaw a ni thei.

Heng test te hian doctor te chu neurological conditions lo awm dan enfiah turin a pui bawk.

Doctor-te chuan heng note te hi i medical record-ah an dah tel tlangpui.

Results a dik lo a nih chuan eng nge tih leh tur?

He ``Mental Status Exam`` result hi a dik lo a nih chuan i doctor chuan i medical leh mental health history hriat belh tumin zawhna tam zawk a zawt thei ang. Entîr nân, ni thum chhûng i mut ṭhat loh chuan, chu chuan i ngaihtuahna fimkhur leh ngaihtuahna mumal taka vawn reng harsa i tih chhan a hrilhfiah thei a ni.

I doctor chuan taksa dinhmun avanga i natna lanchhuahna a thlen em tih enfiah turin laboratory test a ti thei bawk. Heng test-ah hian:

• Thisen glucose test: Thisen sugar level sang (hyperglycemia) emaw hniam (hypoglycemia) emaw hian i rilru chakna a tichhe thei a ni.
• Thisen urea nitrogen (BUN) test: Uremia hian hahna leh rilru tibuaitu a thlen thei.
• Urinalysis: Urinary tract infection (UTI) hian rilru leh nungchang a tidanglam thei a.
• Thyroid hormone test: Hyperthyroidism hian lungkhamna a thlen thei a, hypothyroidism erawh chuan lungngaihna a thlen thei thung.

A then phei chuan test dang pawh an order thei a, chungte chu:

• Imaging test te chu `(PET scan)` emaw `(Brain MRI)` emaw a ni.
• Electroencephalogram (EEG) hmanga enfiah a ni.
• Cerebrospinal fluid thlirletna a ni.

I doctor chuan test result chu a hrilhfiah ang che, chutah chuan nang leh ani chuan eng nge i tih tur tih chu in rel dun ang.

A tawp berah chuan hriat reng tur (Take-Home Message) .

He ``Mental Status Exam`` hi doctor ten i rilru chakna, chu chu i finna, i rilru put hmang, i nungchang, leh i thil hmuh dan tehna atana hmanraw pawimawh tak a ni. Heng test te hian rilru lam emaw, thluak lam emaw i neih zawng zawng a hriattir thei che a ni.Mahse, i natna hriat chian nan test dang i mamawh ngei ang. `Mental Status Exam` result chungchanga zawhna i neih chuan zawh hreh suh. I doctor chu pui turin a awm reng a ni.

` Rilru dinhmun Exam, Rilru hriselna, Thinrimna, Mood, Behavior, Neurological Disease