Khawi emaw laiah natna leh natna kan neih hian kan tih hmasak ber chu ‘ painkiller ’ kan tlanpui thin a ni lawm ni? Kan lu na, ha na, thlasik laiin kan pum na, kan tlu a, kan ke leh ke kan hliam hian... heng zawng zawng atan hian natna tidamtu damdawi atanga tanpuina kan zawng thin. Hei hi in tin damdawi cabinet-a awm ngei tur thil a ni. Mahse, heng natna tidamtu, a nih loh leh ‘Analgesics’ chungchang hi kan hre chiang tak tak em? Engtin nge kan taksa chhungah hna an thawh? An chi hrang hrang an awm em? An hman fo hian eng side effect nge a neih theih? Vawiin hian heng zawng zawng hi awlsam takin kan sawi dawn a, kan thianpa nen kan inbia ang maiin kan sawi dawn a ni.
A awlsam zawngin, heng analgesic te hi engte nge ni?
Painkillers, or as we call them , ‘painkillers’ tih hi kan taksaa natna tihziaawmna emaw, tihziaawmna emaw damdawi chi khat a ni. Hetah hian thil pawimawh tak kan hriatthiam a ngai a ni. Heng painkillers te hi operation lai a anesthesia damdawi pek ang an ni lo. Anesthesia damdawi hian hmun khatah nerve hnathawh chu hun engemaw chen a titawp a, chu chu kan hriatna hloh ang chi a ni.
Mahse painkiller hian chutiang chu a ti lo. Kan nerve an off lo va, kan chhehvela thil awmte hriatna min titawp lo va, hriatna min hloh tir lo bawk. Kan thluaka natna hriatna tihziaawm emaw, natna thlentu inflammation tihziaawm emaw chauh an ni.
Eng dinhmunah nge natna tidamtu damdawi kan hman?
Kan dam chhung hian hun khatah natna tidamtu damdawi kan hmang vek tawh. Hetiang dinhmun hi han ngaihtuah teh...
- Operation zawhah: Doctor-te chuan hengte hi operation tenau emaw, surgery lian emaw tih zawh hnua natna enkawlna atana pui turin an rawt a ni.
- Hliam a awm chuan: Accident avanga natna nasa tak, ruh tliak (fracture) emaw, ke ruh tliak emaw ang chi.
- Acute Pain: Lu na nasa tak, ha na, emaw taksa ruh natna ang chi thil atan.
- Taksa natna tlangpui: Exercise zawh hnua thlasik natna leh taksa na ang chi thil atan.
- Chronic Pain: Hun rei tak chhunga natna awm thei, arthritis, cancer, leh hnungzang natna te enkawl.
Engtin nge heng natna tidamtute hian hna an thawh? A chi hnih lian ber a awm!
Painkiller hi chi hnih ah then theih a ni a, chungte chuan kan taksaah hian kawng hrang hrang pahnihin hna an thawk vek a ni.
1. Natna tihdamna damdawi
Hetiang painkiller chi hian natna awmna hmuna swelling, a nih loh leh inflammation tihziaawmna hmangin hna a thawk a ni. Kan taksaah thil engemaw a lo thleng a, chu chu hliam emaw, hri kai emaw a nih chuan taksain a pianphung a chhân lêtna chu a hmun chu a sen a, a hring a, a lum a, a na a ni. Hei hi chemical prostaglandins an tih chhuah vang a ni. Heng damdawi te hian chu chemical siam chhuah chu a titawp a ni. Hei hian hliam leh natna a tiziaawm vek a ni.
He category-a tel damdawi chi hrang hrang hman tlanglawn ber berte kan hmang thin.
- Acetaminophen: Hei hi paracetamol kan hriat vek chu a ni. Khawsik leh natna tlangpui atan hman a ni ber.
- Aspirin: Hei hi natna tidamtu leh thisen zam tihziaawmna damdawi a ni bawk.
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): He hming hi a sei deuh a, mahse hengte hi kan hre chiang hle. Entirnan, damdawi Ibuprofen , Naproxen , leh Diclofenac te hi he pawlah hian an tel a ni. Hengte hi taksa ruh natna leh ruh natna ang chi thil atan a tangkai hle.
- COX Inhibitors: Hei hi damdawi chi khat bik a ni a, NSAID nen a inang a, mahse pum chhungah nghawng a nei tlem zawk.
2. Opioid hmanga natna tihdamna damdawi
Hengte hi ruihhlo pawl pakhat, a chak zawk deuh a, fimkhur hle a ngai a ni. Narcotics an ti bawk . Heng damdawi te hian a natna hmunah hna an thawk lo va; kan thluak leh kan nervous system direct-in an nghawng a ni.
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, heng damdawi te hian thluak hian natna signal a ‘receive’ dan a tidanglam thin. Natna chu taksaah awm mah se, thluak lamah a tlahniam a ni. Chuvangin doctor-te chuan natna khirh tak tak, operation hnua natna nasa tak emaw cancer natna emaw atan an prescribe thin.
Pawimawh: Opioid painkillers hi doctor thurawn ang chauha ei tur, a dose tur leh hun bituk chhung chauh ei tur a ni a, a chhan chu dependence/addiction hlauhawmna a sang hle a ni.
He pawla tel damdawi dang thenkhat chu:
- Codeine a ni
- Tramadol a ni
- Morphine a ni
- Fentanyl a ni
- Oxycodone a ni
Painkiller ei dan tur engte nge ni?
Painkillers hi kan taksain kawng hrang hrangin a ei thei a. I doctor chuan i natna chi hrang hrang leh a nasat dan te, i comfort level te a zirin a hman dan tur dik ber a ruat ang.
- Pills, tablet emaw capsule ei: Hei hi kan hmuh leh kan hman tam ber dan a ni.
- Liquid you swallow: Hetiang hmanrua hi naupang tê tê leh pill ei harsate tan hman a ni.
- Vun chunga patch: Painkiller chak tak tak thenkhat chu vunah patch anga hnawih a nih chuan damdawi chu taksaah a lut zauh zauh thin.
- Injection: Hetiang hmanrua hi emergency-ah leh natna tihdam thuai a ngaih hunah hman a ni.
- Nasal spray: Painkiller thenkhat pawh hetiang hian a awm bawk.
- Lei hnuaia film siam: Chungte chu thisenah a lut nghal vat thin.
Painkiller hman hian eng hlauhawmna leh side effect nge a neih?
"Eng thil pawh hi a chhe lutuk," an ti. Painkiller pawh chutiang bawk chu a ni. A bik takin dose sang tak leh doctor thurawn tel lova hun rei tak hman chuan side effect na tak a thlen thei a ni. Heng risk category pahnih hi a hranin han thlir ila.
| Ruihhlo chi hrang hrang | Side effect leh risk awm thei te |
|---|---|
| Anti-inflammatory painkiller (NSAIDs, Paracetamol ang chi) te hi a tha hle. |
|
| Opioid natna tidamtu (Opioids) . |
Opioid addiction hlauhawmna chungchang tlem tal
Opioid hi damdawi hman dan dik a nih chuan nunna chhanhim thei, mahse hman dik loh chuan nunna a that thei a ni. Substance Abuse Disorder (SAD) hi a lo awm zauh zauh a. Mi pakhatin he natna hi a nei ve thei tih chhinchhiahna engemaw zat a awm.
- Doctor-in a pek aia tam damdawi ei.
- Damdawi hman tlem tum mahse tih theih loh.
- Hnathawh, sikul, chhungkaw mawhphurhna hlen thei lo khawpa damdawi lam ngaihtuah.
- He damdawi hian harsatna a thlen dawn tih hria chung pawha hman chhunzawm zel.
- Khawtlang nun leh ṭhiante aṭanga inhnukdawk.
- Hengte hi lirthei khalh ang chi thil hlauhawm takah pawh hman.
- Hun a kal zel a, natna tihziaawmna a awm hmain dose ei chu a tawk lo (Tolerance).
- Withdrawal symptoms hi damdawi ei tihtawp a nih chuan a awm thin.
Pawimawh tak: Nangmah emaw, i hriatte emaw hian heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan doctor thurawn lak nghal a pawimawh hle. Tin, natna tidamtu zawng zawng hi naupang tê tête hmuh theih lohna hmunah him takin dah vek tur a ni.
Engtikah nge damdawi lam thurawn i lak nghal ang?
Painkiller i ei laiin a hnuaia symptoms te hi i neih chuan doctor rawn la emaw, damdawi in hnai ber Emergency Department (ETU)-ah pawh tlai lovin kal rawh.
| Red Flag A lan chhuah dan | |
|---|---|
| Vun a inthlak danglam thin | Allergy symptoms, vun rawng leh taksa khawi hmunah pawh a hring chhuak. |
| Stool-a inthlak danglamna | Black, tarry stools (hei hi pum thisen chhuahna chhinchhiahna a ni thei). |
| Luak chhuak inthlak danglamna | Thisen emaw coffee ground ang chi bawlhhlawh emaw chhuak. |
| Sensory inthlak danglamna | Mit emaw hriatna lama inthlak danglamna. |
| Natna nasa tak a nei | Pum na tak tak emaw lu na tak tak. |
| Zun inthlak danglamna | Zun harsa, zun chhum emaw, a rawng danglam emaw. |
| Vun leh mit a sen (yellowing) thin | Vun sen emaw, mit var emaw (jaundice) (hei hi thin chhiatna chhinchhiahna a ni). |
| Taksa rih zawng | Taksa rihna a san thut, danglam tak. |
Miin natna tidamtu damdawi a ei tam lutuk nia i rinhlelh chuan damdawi inah hruai nghal rawh. A tul chuan Colombo National Hospital-a National Poisons Information Center-ah pawh thurawn dil theih a ni.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Painkiller hi natna tidamtu damdawi tangkai tak a ni. Mahse dik tak leh mawhphurhna nei taka hman a ngai a ni.
- Damdawi dawr atanga over-the-counter painkillers i dawng thei a nih pawhin a recommended dose aia tam ei suh. Hun rei tak i hman dawn a nih chuan Doctor nen inbia ngei ang che.
- Doctor-in a pek painkiller, a bik takin opioid hi midang nen insem ngai suh. Chu mi tan chuan a hlauhawm thei hle.
- Damdawi dang (e.g. gastritis, kal natna, thinlung natna) i neih emaw, damdawi dang i ei emaw chuan natna tidamtu i ei hmain doctor hnenah hrilh hmasa phawt ang che.
- Painkiller eng pawh i hman laiin symptom danglam tak tak i neih chuan ngaihthah suh la, doctor lam pan nghal rawh.
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